县域经济在城市化中的作用及发展思路--以山东省为例

论述了县域经济与中国城市化进程之间的关联性以及加快发展县域经济以促进城市化进程的重要性.以山东省为案例,论证了中国今后要加速城市化进程,其关键之举是着力发展县域经济.     

Landscape evaluation in environmental assessment and land use planning

Landscape is equated with the term scenery and is considered as an environmental resource. The need for an evaluation of scenery in environmental assessment statements is outlined. Three established methods of landscape evaluation are tested in a section of the Niagara Peninsula of southern Ontario. The methods are compared in terms of the nature of results produced and the time/manpower requirements for field data collection. The amenability of the methods to analysis from a cartographic data base is also considered. The simpler Newkirk and Linton methods produce readily useable data quickly, whereas the Leopold method not only yields data on scenic resources but can also be used to relate such results to other environmental attributes and processes.     

山东省农业可持续发展战略研究

本文探讨了农业可持续发展的概念、内涵与特征,针对山东省的实际情况,分析了山东省农业可持续发展面临的问题,提出了山东省实施农业可持续发展的战略对策。     

典型农村景观生态工程建设效益分析——以山东省西单村为例

通过对西单村农村景观生态工程建设途径和效益的综合分析,得出西单村是我国目前农村景观生态建设的一个突出典型,它的成功不仅为景观生态学研究提供了一个成功的范例,也反映了景观生态学与生态工程原理合理组合的巨大作用,并为农村的可持续发展提供很有价值的指导。     

山东苍山5.2级地震前苏北地区的地形变异常变化

客观地反映了1995年9月20日山东苍山5.2级地震前,发育在苏北地区的各类地形变异常,并进行了相应的分析相探讨,在总结研究前兆的基础上指出综合预报的重要性和在中期趋势异常背景中捕捉短临前兆的必要性。     

山东省的灌丛资源及其保护利用

山东省的灌丛资源十分丰富，有３０多个类型，主要的类型有山茶，大叶胡颓子，盐肤木、白檀，胡枝子，绣线菊，黄栌，鹅耳枥，柽柳，白腊，映山红，榛灌丛等１３个。本文对这些灌丛类型的群落学特点，种类组成，地理分布及其它方面进行了论述，并对各灌丛类型提出一定的保护利用措施。     

雷州半岛岭北地区地下水水文地球化学特征

地下水是雷州半岛重要的供水水源.本研究在雷州半岛岭北地区开展了水化学和氢氧稳定同位素调查,报道了区域地下水水化学特征;基于水化学及同位素地球化学理论和方法揭示了控制水质的主要水文地球化学过程.结果表明,地下水pH、总硬度、TDS以及K⁺、Cl^-、SO₄^-质量浓度较低;H₂SiO₃和NO₃^-质量浓度较高.孔洞裂隙水水化学类型以Mg-Ca-HCO₃和Mg-Ca-HCO₃-Cl型为主,Cl^-沿径流方向增加明显;浅层孔隙水以Ca-Cl、Na-Ca-HCO₃-Cl和Na-Ca-Mg-HCO₃-Cl型为主;中深层孔隙水以Mg-Ca-HCO₃、Na-Ca-Mg-HCO₃和K-Na-HCO₃-SO₄型为主,K⁺、Na⁺、Cl^-和SO₄^-沿径流方向有所增加.地下水受大气降水补给,Cl^-和Na⁺起源于海洋性大气降水,Mg⁺、Ca²⁺和HCO₃^-源自硅酸盐矿物水解,NO₃^-主要来自化学肥料;浅层孔隙水、裂隙孔洞水受蒸发浓缩作用影响,中深层孔隙水受阳离子交换作用影响.计入硝酸盐后,50.85%的NO₃型水指示着地下水具有污染趋势.本研究结果为可持续开发利用区域地下水提供了依据.     

山东省蜜源植物的开发与利用

本文阐述了山东省蜜源植物的开发与利用。经分析发现，山东省境内的主要蜜源植物有６０多种，它们分别属于作物、林木、牧草与绿肥、果树、野生草本、观赏植物     

Assessing the effects of pseudo-absences on predictive distribution model performance

Modelling species distributions with presence data from atlases, museum collections and databases is challenging. In this paper, we compare seven procedures to generate pseudo-absence data, which in turn are used to generate GLM-logistic regressed models when reliable absence data are not available. We use pseudo-absences selected randomly or by means of presence-only methods (ENFA and MDE) to model the distribution of a threatened endemic Iberian moth species (Graellsia isabelae). The results show that the pseudo-absence selection method greatly influences the percentage of explained variability, the scores of the accuracy measures and, most importantly, the degree of constraint in the distribution estimated. As we extract pseudo-absences from environmental regions further from the optimum established by presence data, the models generated obtain better accuracy scores, and over-prediction increases. When variables other than environmental ones influence the distribution of the species (i.e., non-equilibrium state) and precise information on absences is non-existent, the random selection of pseudo-absences or their selection from environmental localities similar to those of species presence data generates the most constrained predictive distribution maps, because pseudo-absences can be located within environmentally suitable areas. This study shows that if we do not have reliable absence data, the method of pseudo-absence selection strongly conditions the obtained model, generating different model predictions in the gradient between potential and realized distributions.     

基于遥感的层次分析法和模糊数学模型综合评价森林资源生态适宜性

论文选取2000、2006年时相相近的TM遥感影像作为山东黄河流域的基本数据源,采用监督分类法、专家分类法进行森林资源的分类和验证,运用层次分析和模糊数学法建立森林资源生态适宜性综合评价模型。结果表明,流域的森林资源分布极不均匀,济南、泰安、莱芜的森林覆盖率超过30%,其它地市只有15%。森林资源生态适宜性方面,泰安市优,济南市和莱芜市良,淄博市、滨州市、菏泽市、东营市和德州市中等,济宁市和聊城市较差。6 a间,泰安市的森林资源生态适宜性评价由良好到优秀,济南市和莱芜市的评价得分值虽然都较高,但是,济南市朝好的方向发展,相反,莱芜市的得分值不升反降。淄博市、滨州市、菏泽市、东营市和德州市的得分值虽然没有达到良好标准,但其变好的趋势非常明显,济宁市和聊城市相对较差。