Multiple Effects of Energy Issues and Countermeasures： A Case of Shandong Province

Energy is now becoming the bottleneck of urban and regional development. The paper takes Shandong Province, one of the most energy consuming provinces in China, as an example, uses quantity methods such as SPSS （Stastics Package for Social Science） cluster sampling and regression analysis, and applies quantity analysis, to analyze the situation of energy issues in Shandong province. The conflicts between the quick industrialization and increasing extensive economic development, between urban population and energy consuming per head, between the infinite energy consuming desire and the low level of managing system, and between the unstable world energy supply and the limited energy storage in China are the main factors of energy crisis in Shandong, which not only results in energy shortage, but also becomes the barrier of economic and social development. In order to ensure sufficient energy supply for Shandong province in the 21 st century, we should take countermeasures, such as changing the economic development model, pursuing a multiple and high quality energy strategy, improving the intensive urbanization strategy, and building a scientific energy system.     

山东省珍稀濒危植物的区域分布及其保护

本文分析了山东省珍稀濒危植物的种类、区域分布及其产生的原因，提出了保护和合理开发利用的对策。     

GEOCHEMICAL INTERPRETATIONS OF GROUNDWATER FLOW SYSTEMS1

ABSTRACT. Interest in the geochemistry of groundwater is increasing owing to the great number of current projects involving underground liquid waste storage, artificial recharge of potable water, accidental contamination of groundwater bodies, sanitary landfills, and pollution monitoring. Geochemical techniques used to facilitate the understanding of a groundwater system range from extremely simple to those requiring sophisticated theories, equipment, and procedures. An interpretation of the simple trilinear diagram for samples collected from the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico provided evidence that the fresh-water body was only a few tens of meters thick and was underlain everywhere by an extensive body of salt water. A geochemical technique that has been used effectively to identify the source of salt water in coastal aquifers is measurement of the carbon-14 concentrations. Carbon-14 has been used in a regional carbonate aquifer to determine the velocity of groundwater movement, rates of chemical reactions, and distribution of hydraulic conductivity. The application of principles of irreversible thermodynamics to groundwater systems provides a basis for constructing models which permit prediction, over both time and space, of changes in head distribution and chemical character of the water resulting from imposed stresses on the system. In essence, proper application of irreversible thermodynamics combines the potential theory of Hubbert with principles of reversible chemical thermodynamics, such as solution of carbonate minerals, to describe and explain controlling chemical reactions and processes of groundwater systems.     

山东省城镇空间格局

城镇是人类活动影响地表的最主要形式,是土地利用/土地覆盖变化的主要方面.山东省是中国东部沿海大省,土地利用处于不断地调整过程中.在全省城镇空间分布格局现状的基础上,结合中心地理论,运用数据包络分析(DEA)方法进行了具体分析,对全国土地利用/土地覆盖的深入研究具有重大意义.     

山东滨海旅游资源开发及其问题

"海上山东"发展战略的实施,促进了山东省旅游业的快速发展.结合山东省滨海旅游业发展的实际情况,分析了该省滨海旅游资源的特点、旅游业发展现状、存在问题和发展潜力,针对性地提出了综合开发利用旅游资源,发展山东省海滨旅游区的战略设想和对策.     

造纸行业的可持续发展之路

以山东省造纸行业探索可持续发展之路的情况论述了造纸行业取得环境和经济双赢效果的宝贵经验。     

山东省地下水资源的开发利用

山东省地下水资源分布不均,各地开发利用程度差别较大.本文论述了近年来该省地下水在开发利用过程中存在的问题及其对环境的影响,提出了合理开发地下水资源的对策与措施.     

山东沿海的9216号台风暴潮灾害

在１９９２年第１６号强热带风暴和天文大潮的作用下，山东沿海发生了特大风暴潮灾害，直接经济损失４３．５亿元，死亡７６人；砂质海岸遭受强烈侵蚀，损失土地约１４５．３ｈａ。     

山东日照市东港区震害损失动态初步预测

本文以山东省日照市东港区为例，以其１９９０年基础数据和１９９０年静态震害人员、财产损失预测为基础，以未来５年预测的房屋、人口、财产变化结果为变量，给出了动态震害人员、财产损失预测的方法及其初步预测结果。该方法还可以根据房屋、人口、财产的实际变化情况，实现“滚动式”的震害人员、财产损失预测。     

临沂市的岩溶塌陷灾害及防治对策

1995年前后，山东省临沂地区郊棉纺织厂等单位相继出现地面塌陷现象，同时穿过市区一条河流的水田桥附近河水下漏。在初步断定 这些现象由岩溶塌陷引起的前提下，采用了浅层地震勘探、地质雷达探测等技术，有选择地对临沂市西郊五个重点企业进行了岩溶调查。结果表明，在临沂市郊的浅层地表普遍发育着岩溶。岩溶的类型多样，岩溶的主要特征是埋深层，空间尺度小，密度大，从地下水抽取试验看，岩溶贯通性好。针对岩溶自身的特征以及临沂市的水文地质条件和环境，提出了减少或避免塌陷灾害的对策。主要是场地稳定性分析和评价，控制抽取岩溶水以及混凝土泥浆灌注，铺设桁架和清、爆、挖、填处理或者回避等。