中庭式建筑内回廊排烟方法有效性的研究

中庭式建筑各楼层均通过中庭相连,因此给建筑物内机械排烟设计造成了困难.近年来一些学者提出了回廊排烟的概念,但并没有进行深入的研究.本文采用二维线性羽流模型对回廊排烟过程进行了描述,从理论上分析了采用回廊排烟控制建筑内烟气蔓延的效果.并采用FDS对一实际中庭式建筑采用回廊排烟的效果进行了模拟,对理论分析进行了验证.还对回廊内蓄烟池的深度进行了讨论,提出将回廊蓄烟池深度设为1 m左右是比较合适的.     

珊溪水源地水质时空变化特征及其影响因子分析

珊溪水源地是浙江省温州市重要的水源地,运用水质标识指数法分析了珊溪水源地水质时空变化,识别了水质影响因子。结果表明：（1）2001-2010年间,珊溪水源地综合水质良好,均满足Ⅱ类水功能区要求。2003年水质最差,此后水质总体呈变好趋势。（2）入库支流水质污染主要以TN、Tp污染为主,黄坦坑断面污染最严重,其次为泗溪、珊溪和李井溪断面。（3）居民生活、畜禽养殖、种植业及单一的土地利用方式对水源地水质影响较为显著,其中畜禽养殖和居民生活是流域水质的最大影响因素。     

大伙房水库上游暴雨径流污染特征分析

为研究大伙房水库上游暴雨径流污染特征,2010年对大伙房水库上游3条主要入库河流暴雨径流情况下的水量、水质进行了连续监测,结果表明：污染物浓度值与暴雨径流量的峰值基本保持一致。     

大朝山水电站库区污染成因及防治对策

就大朝山水电站库区水环境状况及其成因进行了分析,探讨了控制污染对策。     

大伙房水库表层沉积物重金属污染分析与评价

辽河流域大伙房水库是抚顺、沈阳两市重要的生活饮用水水源地,因其汇水区内的矿山开采活动而面临严重的重金属污染问题.为了解该区域的重金属污染状况,对大伙房水库表层沉积物中重金属Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量及空间分布进行了研究,并采用地累积指数法、潜在生态危害指数法及基于多方的沉积物质量基准法对水库重金属污染程度及潜在...     

A new method of inhibiting pollutant release from source water reservoir sediment by adding chemical stabilization agents combined with water-lifting aerator

A new method of adding chemical stabilization agents combined with water-lifting aerator can inhibit pollutant release from source water reservoir sediment effectively.     

调蓄水库细菌群落季节变化特征与影响因素

为探究调蓄水库水体细菌群落的季节变化特征与影响因素.以引黄济青工程的唯一调蓄水库——青岛棘洪滩水库为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术,结合水质分析指标,探究细菌群落结构以及与环境因子的关系.结果表明,细菌群落多样性和丰富度夏季最高,冬季最低,进水口高于出水口.细菌群落结构组成春季与冬季相似,夏季与秋季相似.Actinobacteriota(6.63%～57.38%)、 Proteobacteria(11.32%～48.60%)、 Bacteroidota(5.05%～25.74%)和Cyanobacteria(0.65%～24.74%)为优势菌门,Chloroflexi、 Dependentiae、 Fusobacteriota和Margulisbacteria相对丰度秋季最高,冬季最低;Patescibacteria和Myxococcota相对丰度夏季最高,冬季最低;Acidobacteria相对丰度春季最高,冬季最低;hgcI＿clade(3.72%～34.66%)、CL500＿29＿marine＿group(0.31%～20.13%)和Limnohabitans(0.16%～10.3...     

水源型水库抗生素抗性基因赋存特征研究

饮用水水源地中抗生素抗性基因会威胁生态安全和人类健康.为了探究抗生素抗性基因(Antibiotic Resistance Genes,ARGs)在金泽水源型水库中的赋存特征,以及水库净化措施对抗生素抗性基因的净化作用,选择微生物活性较高的夏季时期采集水样,采用高通量荧光定量PCR和16S rRNA实时荧光定量PCR进行研究.结果表明,该水库检出62种ARGs;多重抗药类、氨基糖苷类和磺胺类ARGs为水库内占主导的抗性基因.抗生素抗性基因绝对丰度从水库的预处理区至生态净化区,再至输水区呈逐渐降低的趋势,表明水库净化措施对削减ARGs含量有一定作用.抗性基因丰度与可移动基因元件(Mobile Genetic Elements,MGEs)丰度存在显著相关性(p0.05),表明MGEs对ARGs的水平转移、传播和富集具有重要作用.     

The Impact of Dynamic Environmental Flow Releases on Hydropower Production in the Zambezi River Basin

Incorporation of environmental flow releases from reservoirs has proven to be challenging due to fear of losses to existing water uses. Moreover environmental flow requirements (EFR) have not often been operationalized. This study compares the possibility of implementing dynamic EFR based on natural flows lagged against an upstream unregulated gauging point with static EFR. It simulates different scenarios with a high flow release in the wet season and analyses its impacts on hydropower production. This method accounts fully for the natural variability of environmental flows, implying less pressure on existing water uses during relatively dry years. Joint operation of two cascading dams vs. individual operation for EFR was also explored. These approaches were tested for the Zambezi River basin in Southern Africa using a water resources model, WAFLEX. Historic data on reservoir water levels, releases and power generation of the hydropower schemes were synthesized. Combining these yielded a validated series of monthly flow data for a 28 year period (1982‐2010). The results show that Kariba and Cahora Bassa reservoirs face a reduction in power produced when they would annually release an environmental flow. However, the dynamic EFR method entails smaller hydropower losses. Joint environmental flow operations will reduce overall basin power production more than if Cahora Bassa alone would release an environmental flow. However, such joint operation would be more beneficial to the ecosystem.     

Effect and its time lags of water level fluctuations in Three Gorges Reservoir on the macroinvertebrates in a tributary bay北大核心CSCD

In order to study how water level fluctuations (WLF) of reservoir influence the macroinvertebrate in tributary bay, we studied the effect of WLF of the Three Gorges Reservior on macroinvertebrate communities in Xiangxi Bay, and the time lags of such effect, based on the surveys in spring and summer from 2005 to 2010. In this research, WLF was represented by water level drawdown (WLD) and the sum of absolute values of rate of water level fluctuations (RWlf). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between WLF and macroinvertebrates. No significant correlation was found between macroinvertebrates and sum of absolute values of RWLF, while WLD showed significant influence on some biotic parameters. In spring, WLD did not cause significant effect to macroinvertebrates (P > 0.05). In summer, however, the influence was significant, especially in the area of the downstream (XX01 - XX02) of the Xiangxi Bay (P < 0.05). The middle reach of the bay (XX05), located in the conjunction area between Xiangxi Bay and a secondary tributary of the TGR, was also affected significantly (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Tubificidae declined with the increase of the WLF, while abundance of Chironomidae increased. The time lags of the influence to macroinvertebrates were about 15 days. This analysis indicated that WLF in the mainstream of the reservoir mainly influences the downstream of the tributary bay, and also affects the conjunction area of the secondary tributary. Chironomidae are more tolerant than Tubificidae in water-body with dramatic disturbance, therefore can be considered as the indicator of the effect of summer WLF on macroinvertebrates.