Research on the Variation of Population Distribution and Its Characteristics Based on Spatial Autocorrelation Method: A Case Study of Poyang Lake Region in Jiangxi Province

Abstract

According to Statistical Yearbook of Jiangxi Province (2001~2006), We analyze the time-space variation of population distribution of Poyang Lake region from the two points of view. The former is quality of population, which involves culture structure, occupational structure, age structure and sex structure of population. The latter is quantity of population, which only involves the amount of population. Furthermore, we can reveal the internal relations and action mechanism of variation of population distribution by analyzing the regional economic development, population urbanization, land use and ecological landscape of Poyang Lake region. It is important to provide help for region planning, ecological landscape planning and environmental protection by correct understanding the man-land relationship of natural-human ecosystem in Poyang Lake region.     

Decomposition of factors influencing carbon emissions in the region of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei,based on the perspective of terminal energy consumption

In order to analyze the factors influencing carbon emissions in the region of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and to explore the pathways to developing a low-carbon economy, this paper begins with the terminal energy consumption of three industries and residential consumption, and constructs an identical equation which is composed of population size, level of economic development, energy intensity, the proportion of energy consumption, energy structure, and the coefficient of carbon emissions. Based on the data of terminal energy consumption during 2000–2012, various factors are analyzed and their contribution is measured by Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI). The results show that the levels of population and economy have a positive driving effect while energy intensity, energy structure, and carbon intensity have a negative driving effect; the proportion of energy consumption had a negative driving effect prior to 2006, then changed to positive. Among suggestions for a low-carbon economy are controlling population size, improving the quality of economic development, supporting research into new energy technology, accelerating regional integration and optimizing industrial structure, and enhancing environmental protection and spreading the concept of a low-carbon economy.     

安徽沿江地区的矿产资源开发与产业结构调整

安徽沿江地区依托矿产资源和长江水运的双重优势，矿业经济发展现已初具规模，城市专业化分工明显，但经济总体水平较低，产业结构层次不高。通过对沿江地区矿产资源开发态势、产业结构的现状分析，得出了本区调整产业结构的必然性，并提出了调整产业结构的主要措施和途径。     

江苏沿江地区农业产业化地域类型与发展研究

农业产业化经营是新形势下我国农业生产发展的必然趋势。20世纪90年代江苏沿江地区开始了农业产业化经营,现已产生了良好的效果,形成了加工企业带动型、流通企业牵引型、专业市场辐射型、新型合作经济组织依托型、主导产品推进型和外向型农业导入型等多种农业产业化地域类型,对促进江苏沿江地区农业增效、农民增收和农村经济发展产生了重要作用。实现江苏沿江地区农业产业化进一步发展的途径是：构筑农业创新体系,包括完善农村市场组织体制和农业运行机制、建立新型的农业投资机制、创新农业土地流转机制和转变行政、农业科研部门的服务职能;进一步调整与优化农村经济、农业和农产品结构,加快建设区域专门化农业生产基地;加强农业技术革新和农业科技示范园的建设,提高农业科技进步贡献率;建设适应现代市场竞争条件下的农业经营理念,实现传统农业向现代农业的跨越。     

江苏沿江地区城市空间格局发展构想

江苏沿江地区包括拥有长江岸线的6个省辖市和15个县级市,土地面积和人口分别占全省的25.9 %和30.2 %,而GDP却占全省的48 %。沿江地区社会经济发展水平较高,但江南与江北区域差异明显,在所选择的8项社会经济城市发展指标中,除城镇密度外,其它7项指标江北均低于江南地区。沿江城市带可构建成宁通、宁苏、苏通三条城镇发展轴,宁仪、三江、泰扬三个城镇发展组团,其中宁通、宁苏二条沿江发展轴是城市带的中心轴线。各发展轴及城市组团的协调发展要以市场为纽带,以共同发展为宗旨,以可持续发展为目的,加大区域合作的力度。离岸港口城镇有港区功能较单一的发展模式及功能较全面的一种发展模式,规模较大的离岸城镇宜采取港区功能较全面的一种发展模式,小城镇则选择港区功能较单一的发展模式比较适合。     

悬浮填料对干旱寒冷地区A2/O工艺脱氮过程强化研究

采用投加悬浮填料方法和高通量测序技术研究新疆干旱寒冷地区污水处理厂的硝化、反硝化速率及生物膜菌群.结果表明,环境温度与水温具有良好的相关性;悬浮填料对氨氮和NO3--N均有降解作用,平均去除率分别为75.72％和81.42％;悬浮填料填充率在20％ ～30％、曝气量在6.0 m3/h～6.5 m3/h时,总氮平均去除率...     

中国大陆和香港地区职业病名单之比较

为修订中国大陆《职业病目录》提供参考意见,通过循证决策分析,比较中国香港特别行政区职业病名单和中国大陆《职业病目录》的异同点和优劣势,探讨香港职业病名单制度实践经验。结果表明,两地职业病名单在立法程序、地位与作用、分类方法存在一致性,在列举方式、法律依据、制定机构、分类及覆盖范围方面有所不同。特别是中国大陆生物因素所致职业病及职业性肌肉骨骼疾病覆盖范围较窄。在修订《职业病目录》时,应根据社会经济发展需求,结合社会保障能力,逐渐扩大职业病覆盖范围,以适应职业病防治工作的需求。     

重点国有林区家庭文化消费影响因素分析

当前,我国重点国有林区的经济处于调整发展结构的关键时期,林区家庭的生活水平正在逐步提高,人们对文化产品消费也发生了很大的变化。采用重点国有林区大规模连续跟踪入户调查数据,运用二元Logistic回归分析研究了我国国有林区家庭文化产品消费的影响因素。结果表明:户主年龄、精神层面是否满足对文化消费具有负向影响,而家庭收入、医疗保障水平对文化消费具有正向影响。基于研究结果,从4个方面提出对策建议:(1)转变我国国有林区居民文化消费观念。(2)完善国有林区文化基础设施建设。(3)提升文化消费层次,营造文化消费氛围。(4)推进国有林区文化产品供给侧结构性改革,激发市场活力。     

基于模型研究质量评价的SWAT模型参数取值特征分析

SWAT模型是目前我国应用最为广泛的流域水环境模型之一.由于该模型拥有分布式参数并且基于美国环境特征建立,确定合理的和符合我国流域环境特征的参数取值是模型应用中的关键工作.有研究通过总结现有报告的参数取值,为模型本地化应用提供参数取值参考,但这些研究忽略了其中SWAT模型研究质量之间的差异,也未考虑参数取值的非均匀性以及极端值的影响,因而研究结果的实用性不佳.建立了综合考虑模型建立、参数率定和验证、模拟效果的SWAT模型研究质量评价指标体系,对中国知网收录的2015~2017年发表的428篇SWAT模型研究文献开展定量评价并筛选高可信度文献.基于高可信度文献报告的SWAT模型参数取值,分析了15个涉及水文、泥沙和水质过程模拟的参数取值特征,包括参数取值分布特征及其在不同地理区域间的差异,以及参数率定值与默认值的偏差等.研究表明,在筛选得到的129篇高可信度文献中,SWAT模型应用整体上更加规范,且具有较好的区域代表性;15个模型参数在我国流域的取值分布具有正偏态、负偏态等不同特征,其中4个参数在我国不同地理区域的取值分布存在显著差异,12个参数在我国流域的取值明显偏离默认值.基于模型参数取值特征,以置信区间的形式给出了SWAT模型在我国本地化应用的参数取值建议,并针对不同数据条件下的模型应用提出了参数取值建议.     

Seasonal and interannual variation of soil respiration in four vegetation types in the loess hilly region北大核心CSCD

Soit carbon (C) stock is the largest C pool in terrestrial ecosystems, and the emission of CO2 through soil respiration contributes to the majority of soil C expenditure and atmospheric C. Soil respiration is also one of the major processes controlling the C budget of terrestrial ecosystems. A slight change in soil CO2 emission might cause drastic variations in global C balance. Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate the characteristics of soil respiration of soils growing different types of vegetation over a long period, and determine its relationship with variables such as soil temperature and moisture. The rate of soil respiration was measured each month in the growing seasons (from April to October) of 2011, 2013, and 2014 using the Li-8100 CO2 flux measurement system in the central Loess Plateau. Four types of vegetation (Quercus liaotungensis, Platycladus orientalis, Robinia pseudoacacia, and a natural shrub) were chosen for the periodical measurements. A permanent sample plot was established for each type of vegetation, and five polyvinyl chloride (PVC) collars were placed in each plot for the measurements. The temperature and water content of the soil in the upper 12 cm near the collar were measured using a digital soil temperature probe and a TDR 200 soil moisture meter at the same time when the soil respiration was measured. The soil respiration rates were fitted to the soil temperature and moisture with an exponential function, power function, linear function, and an equation combining the two variables. The results showed that: (1) the seasonal variation in the rates of soil respiration in the soils growing the four types of vegetation were almost the same, and were lower in the earlier period and then increased to high levels in the middle and later periods; (2) the rates of soil respiration in the same month varied with the type of vegetation grown, and were in the descending order: Q. liaotungensis > P. orientalis > shrub > R. pseudoacacia; (3) the average values of the rates of soil respiration in 2011, 2013, and 2014 were 2.77, 3.48, and 5.08 μmol m-2 s-1, respectively. The variation in soil respiration was higher across the three years than the variation for the types of vegetation grown; and (4) the rate of soil respiration was positively correlated to soil temperature and moisture for all the types of vegetation. A better fit was obtained by using the equation that included both the variables, soil temperature and moisture, than by an equation that included a single factor. Our results suggested that both seasonal and inter-annual variations of soil respiration occurred in the soils growing the four types of vegetation in the region. The temperature and water content of soils are the major regulating factors, and soil respiration in the Loess Plateau is more greatly affected by environment factors than by the type of vegetation. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.