BP神经网络和遗传算法在红发夫酵母培养基优化中的应用

运用BP神经网络对红发夫酵母发酵培养基组成进行建模以及预测类胡萝卜素产量,在此基础上采用遗传算法对此模型进行全局寻优.得到红发夫酵母发酵培养基的最佳配比为:蔗糖45.10 g/L,硫酸铵3.00 g/L,硫酸镁0.80 g/L,磷酸二氢钾1.40 g/L,酵母膏3.00 g/L,氯化钙0.50 g/L,类胡萝卜素产量达到8.20 mg/L,干重达到9.47 g/L.采用上述方法优化后的培养基使类胡萝卜素的产量比起始培养基提高了95.90%.     

难降解有机废水的萃取置换法预处理

针对生物法处理难降解有机废水时去除率不高,停留时间长,难地达到排放等缺点,提出一种新的预自理方法－萃取置换法,并以乙草胺废水的处理为例,从萃取剂的筛选,工艺的优化,技术经济评价等方面进行了分析研究,结果表明,二甲苯作用为萃取剂能将废水的ＢＯＤ５／ＣＯＤ从０提高到０．４７６,且不需反萃操作;当乙草胺浓度 为１００ｍｇ／Ｌ时,萃取置换法投资较小;当浓度增大到５００ｍｇ／Ｌ是,萃取置换法在投资及净现值方     

城市综合体消防联动系统优化设计分析

根据城市综合体人员数量众多、火灾危险性比较高、救援难度相对较大的特点,以某建筑项目为例,提出城市综合体消防联动系统优化设计的方法。     

基于Ventsim的深井金属矿山通风系统优化

针对某超深井金属矿风量不足、风量分配不合理、污风循环等问题,利用Ventsim软件建立了该矿井三维动态通风模型,对井下风流进行了仿真模拟与网络解算,优化矿井通风系统,有效降低矿井通风阻力,减少通风能耗。以此为基础,提出了该矿井通风系统优化改造方案,并对该方案进行了验证。     

绿色低碳背景下中国产业结构调整分析

中国作为世界第一的一次能源消费国以及最大的二氧化碳排放国,在巴黎世界气候大会上承诺于2030年以前单位碳强度较2005年降低60%—65%;此外,在《"十三五"规划纲要》中中国政府也明确提出,在"十三五"时期,碳排放强度较2005年基础上降低40%—45%的目标。在此背景下,本文基于最新的投入产出表构建了产业结构优化模型。通过行业的生产结构矩阵,构建出行业的能源结构消耗矩阵及碳排结构矩阵,旨在能源消耗量与二氧化碳排放量的双重约束下,得到中国2020年最优的产业结构调整方案,并计算了基于现有科技水平下中国最大的碳排潜力。线性规划的结果显示:(1)中国2020年最优的产业结构调整方案可以满足国民经济总产出量最大化的目标,年均增长约为8%;且相比目标年份(2005年)二氧化碳强度下降46.93%,能源强度下降26.04%,达到"十三五"规划中的气候变化目标。在保证经济最低增速(6.5%)的前提下,中国二氧化碳的排放总量可以比优化方案再多下降约14%。(2)建筑业、交通运输及仓储业仍然是中国重要的支柱产业,在国民经济整体的占比份额仍需扩大。(3)从生产的角度看,中国产业结构必须全面向第三产业服务业转型,全面提高国民经济中第三产业的比重,尤其是加大生活服务业类部门的产出量。(4)为了满足"绿色、低碳"的约束限制,半数以上的二产部门的生产规模都应有所降低,尤其是能源部门和金属加工业部门。     

Comparative performance study of different configurations of organic Rankine cycle using low-grade waste heat for power generation

This paper aims at analyzing the feasibility of a waste heat recovery power generation plant based on parametric optimization and performance analysis using different organic Rankine cycle configurations and heat source temperature conditions with working fluid R-12, R-123, R-134a, and R-717. A parametric optimization of turbine inlet temperature(TIT) was performed to obtain the irreversibility rate, system efficiency, availability ratio, turbine work output, system mass flow rate, second-law efficiency, and turbine outlet quality, along the saturated vapor line and also on superheating at an inlet pressure of 2.50 MP in basic as well as regenerative organic Rankine cycle. The calculated results reveal that selection of a basic organic Rankine cycle using R-123 as working fluid gives the maximum system efficiency, turbine work output, second-law efficiency, availability ratio with minimum system irreversibility rate and system mass flow rate up to a TIT of 150°C and appears to be a choice system for generation of power by utilizing the flue gas waste heat of thermal power plants and above 150°C the regenerative superheat organic Rankine cycle configuration using R 123 as working fluid gives the same results.     

某美术馆火灾危险性评估研究

本文利用性能化防火设计的方法对某美术馆的消防安全措施进行评估。通过分析某美术馆设计工程中存在的主要问题确定其性能化评估目标,针对火灾场景设计、人员疏散分析和烟气控制分析等多方面进行深入的研究和探讨,通过对该馆疏散设施进行优化设计,使得人员的疏散更加合理,大大降低了人员疏散所需的时间,保证了该建筑的消防安全性。     

Siting and Routing Assessment for Solid Waste Management Under Uncertainty Using the Grey Mini-Max Regret Criterion

Solid waste management (SWM) is at the forefront of environmental concerns in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV), South Texas. The complexity in SWM drives area decision makers to look for innovative and forward-looking solutions to address various waste management options. In decision analysis, it is not uncommon for decision makers to go by an option that may minimize the maximum regret when some determinant factors are vague, ambiguous, or unclear. This article presents an innovative optimization model using the grey mini-max regret (GMMR) integer programming algorithm to outline an optimal regional coordination of solid waste routing and possible landfill/incinerator construction under an uncertain environment. The LRGV is an ideal location to apply the GMMR model for SWM planning because of its constant urban expansion, dwindling landfill space, and insufficient data availability signifying the planning uncertainty combined with vagueness in decision-making. The results give local decision makers hedged sets of options that consider various forms of systematic and event-based uncertainty. By extending the dimension of decision-making, this may lead to identifying a variety of beneficial solutions with efficient waste routing and facility siting for the time frame of 2005 through 2010 in LRGV. The results show the ability of the GMMR model to open insightful scenario planning that can handle situational and data-driven uncertainty in a way that was previously unavailable. Research findings also indicate that the large capital investment of incineration facilities makes such an option less competitive among municipal options for landfills. It is evident that the investment from a municipal standpoint is out of the question, but possible public–private partnerships may alleviate this obstacle.     

崇明岛生态环境预警监测网络优化研究

按照全面监控生态岛建设进程的要求,在分析和识别崇明岛生态环境质量监测工作现状及存在问题的基础上,依据相关规划、标准和技术规范,开展了崇明岛生态环境监测网络优化研究。采用遥感与地面相结合、人工与自动相结合、理化与生态相结合的手段,建立了全要素、全覆盖的“天地一体化”生态环境立体监测网络体系,围绕崇明岛五大功能分区,进一步优化了水、气、声等常规环境监测网络,拓展和完善了土壤、生物多样性等生态要素的监测网络,以期进一步优化预警监测网络,进而为崇明生态岛建设进程的动态评估提供基础。     

辽河流域水环境监测网络优化技术研究

以辽河流域2009—2011年监测数据为基础,针对北方季节性河流,在制定了水环境监测网络优化原则的前提下,分别运用最优分割法、变异系数与水质类别相结合方法、连续3年未检出判断法进行了辽河流域水环境质量监测断面、监测频次和监测项目的优化。结果表明,辽河流域优化后的监测断面为18个,比优化前减少8个。在监测频次上,干旱少雨的月份中,1、5、10月应保持每个月2次的监测频次,2—4月、11—12月每月监测1次;湿润多雨的6—9月只监测1~2次即可,全年监测频次分布更合理。监测项目分为必测项目和选测项目,必测项目为12~20项,选测项目为3~11项。