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945.
对模拟印染废水中酸性紫红-10B染料的萃取资源化回收过程进行了研究,考察了各工艺参数对萃取效率的影响。结果表明:萃取回收资源化技术是可行的,在探索的工艺条件范围内,萃取率均超过96.0%。其中萃取剂正辛醇组成分数和油/水体积比对萃取效率有显著影响。萃取最佳工艺条件为:萃取剂组成三辛胺/正辛醇/石油醚体积比为20/10/70;油水体积比为1/1;染料溶液pH值为2.5;萃取搅拌时间为5 min;静置时间为15 min。 相似文献
946.
Effects of 5-year application of municipal solid waste compost on the distribution and mobility of heavy metals in a Tunisian calcareous soil 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Walid Ben Achiba Noureddine Gabteni Abdelbasset Lakhdar Gijs Du Laing Marc Verloo Naceur Jedidi Tahar Gallali 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2009,130(3-4):156-163
It is obvious that the application of solid waste compost improves the soil fertility. These wastes, however, may also have some negative effects on the agricultural environment due to their metal content. This research aimed at evaluating the influence of Tunisian municipal solid waste compost and farmyard manure on some chemical properties and the distribution of heavy metals in a calcareous Tunisian soil (clayey–loamy soil). A field plot experiment, without vegetation, was installed since 1999 at the experimental farm of the Agronomic National Institute of Tunis (INAT) in the region of Mornag (20 km south of Tunis, Tunisia). During 5 years, the field received yearly the following treatments: 0, 40, 80 and 120 t/ha of municipal solid waste compost and 0, 40 and 120 t/ha of manure. The fractionation of heavy metals in the soil was evaluated after 5 years using a sequential extraction procedure. The application of the two amendments was found to increase the content of organic matter, the total nitrogen content and the electrical conductivity, whereas it slightly decreased the soil pH. The addition of manure did not have a significant effect on the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, whereas compost application increased the total concentration of heavy metals in the soil. The distribution of heavy metals between the different fractions in untreated and treated soils showed the residual fraction to be dominant, followed by the fraction bound to Fe and Mn oxides. The amount of Cu bound to the organic fraction increased with the application rate, which is probably caused by the formation of organic complexes. For the other metals, the increase of the association with organic matter is very limited. The application of compost moreover increases the amount of Zn associated with Fe and Mn oxides. The “Mobility Factor (MF)” was quite low and did not change after the 5-year application of the two organic amendments. It always remained lower than 10%, although for Cd it amounted to 17%. 相似文献
947.
The 25 road-deposited sediments were collected from five di erent land-use zones (industrial, residential, commercial, park, and
countryside) in Hangzhou, China. The concentrations of metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in these samples were
determined using ICP-AES after digestion with the mixture of HNO3-HF-HCl (aqua regia), and chemically fractionated according
to the modified BCR (the European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The high metal concentration
levels were detected in the sample from industrial zone and commercial zone having heavy tra c. While the low metal levels were
noted in the street dust sample from residential zone, park, and countryside zone. The mobility sequence based on the sum of the
BCR sequential extraction stages was: Zn (80.28%), Pb (78.68%), Cd (77.66%) > Cu (73.34%) > Mn (67.92%) > Co (41.66%) >
Ni (30.36%) > Cr (21.56%), Fe (20.86%). Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were applied to the data matrix to
evaluate the analytical results and to identify the possible pollution sources of metals. Factor analysis showed that these areas were
mainly contaminated by three sources, namely lithology, tra c, and industry. 相似文献
948.
饥饿期间增加曝气量好氧颗粒污泥的形成特点 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
高有机负荷率8.0kgCOD(/m3·d)条件下,通过两种不同的曝气方式研究好氧颗粒污泥的形成特点,即在反应器R1中采用恒定的曝气流量,而在反应器R2中,30min曝气后,进行沉淀和排水,然后采用较大的曝气流量进行曝气。研究发现:(1)外部基质在前30min被快速降解,其溶解性有机碳DOC基本被消耗到最低水平;(2)在中途排水后的饥饿状态下增加曝气量的反应器R2相对于曝气量一直不变且中途未排水的R1而言,颗粒变的大而疏松,即:在R2中颗粒尺寸>0.9mm占有93%,而颗粒密度均<1.016g/mL。(3)反应器R2在饥饿状态下增加曝气量可以使胞外多聚物(EPS)糖类被当作基质被消耗。 相似文献
949.
粒度对煤矸石活化效率的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
煤矸石煅烧活化是煤矸石为原料提取铝、硅等化工原料的重要环节,煤矸石破碎粒度对煅烧活化效率有重要影响。文章以山西潞安的煤矸石为原料,利用煅烧活化-酸溶法提取煤矸石中的铝,研究了粒度对煤矸石活化效率的影响。实验确定铝溶出的较优工艺条件为:煅烧温度650℃、20%盐酸225mL/100g煤矸石、固液比1:3、酸浸时间3h,在此工艺条件下研究矸石粒度对铝和铁溶出的影响。结果表明:物料粒度对活化效果影响显著,当物料粒度为60~80目时,铝的溶出率最大达到79%;物料与空气充分接触有利于提高活化效果,动态煅烧活化效率显著高于静态煅烧,粒度对煅烧效果产生的重要影响很大程度来源于空气接触比表面积。 相似文献
950.