河南省水环境自动监测网的设计与实现

设计了河南省水环境自动监测网的总体方案,经过充分的调查和专家反复论证,确定了水站、设备、通信网络以及软件的建设方案;重点从软件工程的角度研究了水质自动监测系统软件的设计,实现了基本信息查询和维护、水环境评价、水质报表输出等功能,实现了地表水水质监测日常事务处理和专业管理的自动化和科学化,提高了管理水平。     

Excel在水环境监测数据分析中的应用

针对水环境监测数据分析中常用的制图、水质类别判断、综合污染指数计算和湖库富营养化指数计算等方面,用VBA语言编写了在Excel中运行的宏,以提高环境监测数据处理时自动化水平,提高工作效率。     

某1 000 MW机组电除尘器气固两相流数值模拟

流场分布对电除尘性能至关重要。采用商业CFD软件,对某1 000 MW机组电除尘器进行了数值模拟。模拟过程中采用离散相模型（DPM）结合k-ε湍流模型,模拟颗粒运动轨迹。研究了在合理布置烟道走向,并在烟道内布置导流板、阻流板,在进口喇叭内布置气流分布板及导流叶片等措施条件下,电除尘器的气固两相流参数。结果表明：烟道内布置导流板及阻流板后,电除尘器各分室进口流量偏差均在±2%以内,出口流量偏差均不超过±0.5%,远优于标准要求;颗粒相质量流量分配偏差也均未超过5%,且各级粒径分布所对应偏差也明显减小;电除尘器各室入口截面烟气流速相对均方根差均不超过0.15,优于标准要求。     

Establishing Representative No-Take Areas in the Great Barrier Reef: Large-Scale Implementation of Theory on Marine Protected Areas

Abstract:  The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, an area almost the size of Japan, has a new network of no-take areas that significantly improves the protection of biodiversity. The new marine park zoning implements, in a quantitative manner, many of the theoretical design principles discussed in the literature. For example, the new network of no-take areas has at least 20% protection per "bioregion," minimum levels of protection for all known habitats and special or unique features, and minimum sizes for no-take areas of at least 10 or 20 km across at the smallest diameter. Overall, more than 33% of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is now in no-take areas (previously 4.5%). The steps taken leading to this outcome were to clarify to the interested public why the existing level of protection was inadequate; detail the conservation objectives of establishing new no-take areas; work with relevant and independent experts to define, and contribute to, the best scientific process to deliver on the objectives; describe the biodiversity (e.g., map bioregions); define operational principles needed to achieve the objectives; invite community input on all of the above; gather and layer the data gathered in round-table discussions; report the degree of achievement of principles for various options of no-take areas; and determine how to address negative impacts. Some of the key success factors in this case have global relevance and include focusing initial communication on the problem to be addressed; applying the precautionary principle; using independent experts; facilitating input to decision making; conducting extensive and participatory consultation; having an existing marine park that encompassed much of the ecosystem; having legislative power under federal law; developing high-level support; ensuring agency priority and ownership; and being able to address the issue of displaced fishers.     

CFD技术及其在水处理研究中的应用

简要介绍了CFD技术的基本数值方法和几种著名的商业软件的特征,并例述了在水处理设备研究中的应用,指出CFD技术作为一种强有力的科研手段,应引起广大水处理研究工作者的足够重视。     

水质模型、生态模型及计算机模型软件

本文系统地介绍了有关水环境主要的形态模型、表面络合模型、点源和非点源污染模型及其计算机模型软件,并着重阐述了生态模型的发展及应用等     

INTEGRATING A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM,A SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION SYSTEM,AND A PRECIPITATION MODEL1

ABSTRACT: Investigating natural, potential, and human-induced impacts on hydrologic systems commonly requires complex modeling with overlapping data requirements, plus massive amounts of one- to four-dimensional data at multiple scales and formats. Given the complexity of most hydrologic studies, the requisite software infrastructure must incorporate many components including simulation modeling and spatial analysis with a flexible, intuitive display. Integrating geographic information systems (GIS) and scientific visualization systems (SVS) provides such an infrastructure. This paper describes an integrated system consisting of an orographic precipitation model, a GIS, and an SVS. The results of this study provide a basis for improving the understanding of hydro-climatic processes in mountainous regions. An additional benefit of the integrated system, the value of which is often underestimated, is the improved ability to communicate model results, leading to a broader understanding of the model assumptions, sensitivities, and conclusions at a management level.     

环境信息管理软件开发的可靠性分析——以环境统计综合年报软件为例

高可靠性的环境信息管理软件是确保其提供的信息准确与可用的基础。以环境统计综合年报软件为例,对环境信息管理软件进行了功能分析,主要从数据库设计与数据库管理系统选择、数据编辑与审核功能设计、数据汇总与报袁输出设计等方面分析了如何开发高可靠性的环境信息管理软件。另外,指出了开发工具选择、系统需求分析、界面设计等几个方面对软件可靠性的影响。     

地下水渗流沉降的三维耦合模型及程序的研制

研制可合理模拟预测基坑降水过程中引起地面沉降的计算机程序,并提出最优化降水方案.基于三维全耦合数值模型,笔者开发了GWS软件.GWS软件是以比奥固结理论为基础,将土体的非线性特征及土的渗透性随应力状态的动态变化考虑进去,通过耦合地下水渗流场和土体应力场进行模拟预测基坑降水过程中渗流场及地面沉降的变化.以一个实际基坑降水工程为例,经GWS软件计算得出5口井联合抽水方案,后续工程证明此方案正确、可靠.以三维全耦合数值理论为基础的GWS软件,可以为基坑降水工程引起的地下水渗流场变化及地面沉降量提供可靠的预测.     

液化石油气球罐泄漏扩散的数值模拟

利用流体力学Fluent软件,对液化石油气球罐区泄漏扩散进行了数值模拟,主要研究不同风速和不同形状障碍物存在条件下扩散流场的变化规律。结果表明:风速影响扩散方向、距离、浓度以及扩散平衡时间;障碍物的存在改变了常规扩散轨迹、空腔区浓度积聚,且不同曲率的障碍物在介质扩散过程中所承受的外压不同。该研究结果对球罐区安全事故救援具有指导意义。