Efficient low-temperature soot combustion by bimetallic Ag–Cu/SBA-15 catalysts

In this study, the effects of copper(Cu) additive on the catalytic performance of Ag/SBA-15 in complete soot combustion were investigated. The soot combustion performance of bimetallic Ag–Cu/SBA-15 catalysts was higher than that of monometallic Ag and Cu catalysts. The optimum catalytic performance was acquired with the 5 Ag_1-Cu_(0.1)/SBA-15 catalyst, on which the soot combustion starts at T_(ig)= 225°C with a T_(50)= 285°C. The temperature for 50% of soot combustion was lower than that of conventional Ag-based catalysts to more than 50°C(Aneggi et al., 2009). Physicochemical characterizations of the catalysts indicated that addition of Cu into Ag could form smaller bimetallic Ag–Cu nanolloy particles, downsizing the mean particle size from 3.7 nm in monometallic catalyst to 2.6 nm in bimetallic Ag–Cu catalyst. Further experiments revealed that Ag and Cu species elicited synergistic effects, subsequently increasing the content of surface active oxygen species. As a result, the structure modifications of Ag by the addition of Cu strongly intensified the catalytic performance.     

An improved product-process for cleaner chrome tanning in leather processing

Severe restrictions imposed by the pollution control authorities on the disposal of chromium, total dissolved solids and chlorides in tannery effluents have forced the tanners to look for low-waste, high exhaust chrome tanning salts. An improved chrome syntan with more than 90% uptake of chrome has been developed. The new product serves both as tanning and retanning agent and can be applied directly to delimed pelts thus eliminating the conventional pickling stage in the leather processing. This modified process helps to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS) and chlorides in the spent tan liquor by 51, 81 and 99%, respectively. The product offers full, soft leathers having shrinkage temperature comparable to conventional chrome tanned skins. Since the developed product is highly reactive, it saves time and reduces the water requirement when compared to the conventional chrome tanning method. Thus the novel product/process developed not only has advantages in reducing pollution loads but also seems to be techno-economically viable.     

金催化剂在活性碳上负载活性的研究

探索了以活性炭为载体制备负载型金催化剂的可行性。大量实验表明,将金直接负载在活性炭上,不能够得到具有很好催化活性的催化剂。而以MOx/C作为复合载体能够制备得到具有较高催化活性的金催化剂。进一步探讨了焙烧条件,以及不同载体材料对金催化剂活性的影响。     

低贵金属含稀土复合型汽车排气净化催化剂研究

研究了３种低钯含稀土复合型汽车排气净化催化剂的制备工艺条件、活性和热稳定性。结果表明：所研制的催化剂对ＣＯ、ＨＣ的起燃温度分别在１８２℃～２１０℃之间；完全氧化温度在２３０℃～２５０℃之间。具有起燃温度低、活性高的特性。高温处理后，Ｔ５０％和Ｔ１００％仅上升了８℃～２４℃，说明热稳定性良好。少量贵金属Ｐｄ分浸法以及在活性氧化铝涂层上使用无机胶粘剂的制备工艺能提高催化剂的热稳定性     

TiO2/活性炭负载光催化剂的制备与光催化性能

以粒状活性炭为载体,钛酸丁酯和乙醇为原料,用溶胶-凝胶法及浸渍法制备负载型TiO2光催化剂.通过加入不同分子量和质量的聚乙二醇降低催化剂表面TiO2的粒径,增大比表面积,提高TiO2/C光催化剂的吸附性和光催化活性.以XDA、SEM、TG-DTA、比表面积、亚甲蓝吸附值、钛的负载量及对亚甲蓝的光催化降解性能对催化剂样品进行了表征.结果表明加入1.0 g PEG2000所制备的TiO2/C前驱体经过450℃焙烧后,TiO2的平均晶粒尺寸为12.9 nm,其晶型为锐钛矿型,其比表面积为997.0m2·g-1,对亚甲蓝的吸附值比活性炭基体增加22.5%,100mg·L-1的亚甲蓝溶液用该催化剂在pH为1.0～9.25范围内,2.5 h的降解率达82.5%～96%.     

碱渣氧化处理工艺

碱渣含有硫化物、有机硫化物和多种有机物，是一种带有恶臭的高浓度废液，碱渣氧化处理，可以达到或碱再生或脱臭或净化的目的。在参考有关文献并进行有关调查的基础上，简述了多种碱渣氧化处理工艺并进行分析，为碱渣氧化处理工艺提供了借鉴     

铂、钯蜂窝催化剂高温老化对甲醇深度氧化的影响

本研究对铂、钯蜂窝催化剂及分别添加助化剂CeO_2或WO_3,并于500℃、700℃、900℃或1100℃下经受热老化4h后,考察催化剂比表面、晶相结构及其对甲醇深度氧化活性、产物分布及反应动力学网络变化的情况。实验证明,添加CeO_2后,降低了铂催化剂的耐高温性能,但对钯催化剂无明显影响。添加WO_3,降低了钯催化剂对甲醇的氧化活性。经X-线衍射分析证明,在1100℃高温下,WO_3与堇青石载体中的氧化镁和氧化钙发生强相互作用,生成了相应的钨酸盐。甲醇氧化反应动力学研究表明,甲醇在新鲜和高温热老化的铂催化剂上,反应动力学网络表示式是有区别的。     

基于CWPO法处理垃圾渗滤液的CuO/TiO_2催化剂的制备及其性能研究

采用过量浸渍的方法制备CuO/TiO_2催化剂,以垃圾转运站的渗滤液为对象评价催化剂的活性及稳定性。采用XRD、SEM、BET对催化剂进行了表征,并利用催化湿式氧化法处理垃圾渗滤液。考察了制备过程中煅烧温度、煅烧时间、负载比以及浸渍液浓度对垃圾渗滤液处理效果的影响。结果表明:煅烧温度为300℃,煅烧时间为2 h,负载比为16.5%,浸渍液浓度为0.8 mol/L条件下,渗滤液COD去除率达到78.6%,脱色率达到88.2%。     

SCR脱硝机组空气预热器堵塞治理建议

燃煤机组安装SCR脱硝装置后,空气预热器堵塞成为普遍现象,严重影响机组的安全性、经济性。通过对空气预热器堵塞物成分分析,提出治理空气预热器堵塞技术路线,结合实际运行中出现的问题,探寻SCR脱硝机组氨逃逸率高、SO_3浓度高、排烟温度低的原因,并且分析这些因素对空气预热器堵塞程度的影响,建议从保持催化剂活性,确保NO_x浓度,氨逃逸率均匀分布,防止氨过喷,降低入炉煤含硫量,提高锅炉排烟温度等方面,综合治理空气预热器堵塞,并提出详细的建议。