基于Winkler模型的沿空留巷底板变形力学分析

沿空留巷顶板岩层垮落到底板时,会影响底板的受力和变形,进而导致底臌,底臌的产生将直接影响采煤工作开展。为了对巷道底板的变形机理进行研究,根据空留巷底板受力特点,将巷道底板视为弹性地基梁,建立顶板岩层垮落在巷道底板上的不均匀荷载作用下的Winkler弹性地基梁力学模型,通过对高阶微分方程求解,分析巷道底板任一处的挠度、转角、弯矩及剪力的分布规律,并结合内力分布规律对底板破坏机理进行分析。结合工程实践,提出了防止底板变形的措施,为类似工程的设计及施工提供参考。     

“沙埋型”夹具在振动试验中的运用分析

为了减少振动试验中的误差传递,介绍了振动夹具的设计,探讨“沙埋型”夹具在振动试验中的运用,并对夹具的性能参数进行了测试评估。     

The Role of Headwater Wetlands in Altering Streamflow and Chemistry in a Maine,USA Catchment1

Morley, Terry R., Andrew S. Reeve, and Aram J.K. Calhoun, 2011. The Role of Headwater Wetlands in Altering Streamflow and Chemistry in a Maine, USA Catchment. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1‐13. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00519.x Abstract: Headwater wetlands, including hillside seeps, may contribute to downstream systems disproportionately to their relatively small size. We quantified the hydrology and chemistry of headwater wetlands in a central Maine, USA, catchment from 2003 to 2005 to determine their role in maintaining headwater streamflow and in affecting stream chemistry. A few of these headwater wetlands, commonly referred to as “seeps,” were characterized by relatively high groundwater discharge. During summer base flow, seeps were the primary source of surface water to the stream, contributing between 40 and 80% of stream water. Comparisons of groundwater and surface water dominant ion chemistry revealed only slight differences at the bedrock interface; however, significant changes occurred at the shallow groundwater‐surface water interface where we found decreases in total and individual cation concentrations with decreasing depth. Seep outflows significantly increased total cation and calcium concentrations in streams. Outflows at two seeps produced relatively high nitrate concentrations (88 ± 15 and 93 ± 15 μg/l respectively), yet did not correspond to higher nitrate in stream water below seep outflows (2 ± 1 μg/l). We demonstrate that small wetlands (< 1,335 m²) can contribute to headwater stream processes by linking groundwater and surface‐water systems, increasing the duration and magnitude of stream discharge, and by affecting stream chemistry, particularly during periods of base flow.     

Comparison of UV and UV-LED activated sodium percarbonate for the degradation of O-desmethylvenlafaxine

As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies, which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety. In this study, the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV (254 nm) and UV-LED (275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) systems was systematically performed. The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis (14.99%) than UV direct photolysis (4.57%) due to the higher values of photolysis coefficient at the wavelength 275 nm. Significant synergistic effects were observed in the UV/SPC (80.38%) and UV-LED/SPC (53.57%) systems and the former exhibited better performance for the elimination of ODVEN. The degradation of ODVEN all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics well in these processes, and the pseudo-first-order rate constant (k_obs) increased with increasing SPC concentration. Radicals quenching experiments demonstrated that both ·OH and CO₃·⁻ were involved in the degradation of ODVEN and the second-order rate constant of ODVEN with CO₃·⁻ (1.58 × 10⁸ (mol/L)⁻¹ sec⁻¹) was reported for the first time based on competitive kinetic method. The introduction of HA, Cl⁻, NO₃⁻ and HCO₃⁻ inhibited the ODVEN degradation to varying degrees in the both processes. According to quantum chemical calculation, radical addition at the ortho-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group was confirmed to be the main reaction pathways for the oxidation of ODVEN by ·OH. In addition, the oxidation of ODVEN may involve the demethylation, H-abstraction, OH-addition and C-N bond cleavage. Eventually, the UV-LED/SPC process was considered to be more cost-effective compared to the UV/SPC process, although the UV/SPC process possessed a higher removal rate of ODVEN.     

Morphological and physiological response of different root orders to biochar addition in continuous cropping cotton in Xinjiang,China北大核心CSCD

为缓解新疆棉花连作障碍,充分挖掘棉花根系生物学潜力,以新疆棉花根系为研究对象,采用模块根分级的方法探究不同根序根系的形态和生理特征以及它们对添加生物炭(BC)的响应.结果表明:根序对两个时期的生理指标、形态指标和根系生物量有显著影响.随着根序级的增加,吐絮期根系的可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、全非结构性碳水化合物含量、第二和第三模块根的平均直径和根系生物量不断增加,两个时期比根长、比表面积和吐絮期组织密度不断减小.与对照相比,添加BC增加蕾期第一、第二模块根的可溶性蛋白含量分别为30.7%和21.8%,增加第一模块根的全非结构性碳水化合物含量79.8%、可溶性糖含量151%、比根长182%和比表面积193%,增加第二模块根的组织密度124%、吐絮期第一模块根的比根长6.3%和第一、第二模块根的组织密度分别为51.2%和23.8%.综上所述,棉花不同根序根系在生理和形态上存在异质性;第一模块根对BC添加最敏感,且BC使其在形态上更细更长,生理上活性更强,这有利于棉花对养分的吸收.(图4表3参57)     

基于DEA-TOPSIS时间序列的建筑业政府安全监管效率分析

为对建筑业政府安全监管效率进行科学合理的评价,优化资源配置,提高资源利用率,提升监管水平,在建立效率评价指标体系的基础上,将数据包络分析法(DEA)和优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)组合,构建建筑业政府安全监管效率评价模型,对2012—2019年西安市建筑业政府安全监管效率进行实证分析。结果表明：该模型能较好地应用于建筑业政府安全监管效率评价,通过获取政府投入指标的松弛变量值,分析建筑业政府安全监管效率,为政府优化资源配置提供借鉴。     

A FAST ALGORITHM FOR AUTOMATICALLY COMPUTING STRAHLER STREAM ORDER1

ABSTRACT: An efficient algorithm was developed to determine Strahler stream order for segments of stream networks represented in a Geographic Information System (GIS). The algorithm correctly assigns Strahler stream order in topologically complex situations such as braided streams and multiple drainage outlets. Execution time varies nearly linearly with the number of stream segments in the network. This technique is expected to be particularly useful for studying the topology of dense stream networks derived from digital elevation model data.     

废旧物资回收站常见事故与治安风险研究

对废旧物资回收站常见安全事故与治安风险进行了综述,从再生资源行业特殊性角度,分析了安全事故和治安事件多发的原因,并提出相关对策。提升再生资源回收网点的建设水平,不仅要改变其脏乱差的面貌,更要从经营和治安两方面,从本质上提升其安全水平,使其更好地为经济社会发展服务。     

基于灰色关联分析的车辆交通事故规律研究

针对车辆交通事故统计数据少、事故原因划分模糊等特点,运用灰色系统理论思想,建立车辆交通事故灰色关联分析模型。根据车辆交通事故起数、死亡人数、受伤人数与各事故原因之间的灰色关联度,计算车辆交通事故因素关联序,确定车辆交通事故各原因的重要程度。分析影响车辆交通事故的最优支配因素,并据此研究车辆交通事故规律。研究结果表明,部队汽车驾驶员交通违法是造成车辆交通事故的主要原因,违法违纪成为制约车辆安全管理的一个重点和难点问题。     

论结构、秩序和牵制共同决定系统功能

论述了“结构、秩序和牵制共同决定系统功能”的理论,并通过丰富的案例阐述了该理论在安全管理系统的应用。