气浮中离子气团的应用

文章简介了离子气团产生的原理,离子气流发生器的工作原理及离子气团在水处理技术气浮中的应用.     

Effect of high-voltage direct current link on small signal stability of a power system with different penetration level of doubly fed induction generator and direct drive synchronous generator based wind farms

High penetration level of wind power has significant impact on the dynamic performance of power system. Power system with existing high-voltage direct current (HVDC) link may influence the stability of power system at high penetration level of wind power. This article investigates the stability issues of power system with existing HVDC link for different penetration level of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) and direct drive synchronous generator (DDSG) based wind farms. The small signal stability analysis shows that power system with HVDC link has improved the stability of the power system for increased penetration of DFIG- and DDSG-based wind farms.     

冲击对蒸汽发生器传热管微动磨损行为的影响研究

目的 研究冲击对核电站蒸汽发生器传热管在高温蒸汽环境中微动磨损行为的影响规律与机理。方法采用高温高压蒸汽环境冲击–滑移与纯滑移对比试验,研究冲击对蒸汽发生器690TT合金传热管微动磨损行为的影响。通过分析微观损伤结构区别,对比高、低磨损能量试验结果,明确冲击在微动磨损中的作用,获得传热管冲击–滑移复合微动磨损机理。结果 高温高压蒸汽环境中,复合微动磨损与纯滑移微动磨损相比,没有犁沟磨损特征,剥层特征占主导地位,微动磨损机制为剥层磨损。磨损能量越高,冲击引起的磨屑层脱落和基体开裂越多,磨损越严重。结论 冲击显著改变了传热管的微动磨损行为,在开展传热管服役安全评估中,应充分考虑纯滑移磨损与冲击–滑移复合微动磨损的显著差异。     

用于有界波模拟器的紧凑型纳秒脉冲源

随着电磁武器的发展,核电磁脉冲及其工程防护技术受到各国的普遍关注。为模拟电磁脉冲环境,研制了一台紧凑型纳秒脉冲源,与有界波模拟器配合可产生的双指数波形前沿~1.6ns,脉宽42ns,幅值可达60kV。本文介绍了脉冲源的设计与调试结果。     

蓄热式高温带压蒸汽发生器设计

介绍了自制蓄热式高温带压蒸汽发生器的工作原理及运行过程,对炉体结构进行了设计计算,设计并计算了保温层的厚度,通过部分热态实验,验证了高温带压蒸汽发生器设计的合理性和系统运行的可靠性。试验结果表明,经过高温带压蒸汽发生器蓄热室的换热,可以生产出压力在0.2～0.4 MPa、温度在650℃以上的高温过热水蒸气。从而说明系统的整体设计能满足要求。     

工业固体废物产生者连带责任辨析及其适用

一直以来,固体废物非法转移和倾倒等环境违法行为是固体废物管理实践中的首要突出问题。究其原因,根本在于法律对于固体废物产生者的义务和责任只局限于自身,在实践中产生者并不关注固体废物转移后的利用处置状况。新修订的《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》（以下简称《固废法》）确立了工业固体废物产生者连带责任制度,力图从源头减少或避免固体废物非法转移和倾倒事件,倒逼固体废物产生者采取有效措施治理固体废物污染。笔者从固体废物产生者的双重身份入手,深入辨析其中的权利义务关系,阐释产生者连带责任的法律基础和根本原理。从《固废法》关于连带责任关系的法律规定出发,进一步解析产生者义务和受托者义务,并具体分析了连带责任的法律适用。     

Integrated urban water management modelling under climate change scenarios

The concept of integrated water management is uncommon in urban areas, unless there is a shortage of supply and severe conflicts among the users competing for limited water resources. Further, problem of water management in urban areas will aggravate due to uncertain climatic events. Therefore, an Integrated Urban Water Management Model considering Climate Change (IUWMCC) has been presented which is suitable for optimum allocation of water from multiple sources to satisfy the demands of different users under different climate change scenarios. Effect of climate change has been incorporated in non-linear mathematical model of resource allocation in term of climate change factors. These factors have been developed using runoff responses corresponding to base and future scenario of climate. Future scenarios have been simulated using stochastic weather generator (LARS-WG) for different IPCC climate change scenarios i.e. A1B, A2 and B1. Further, application of model has been demonstrated for a realistic water supply system of Ajmer urban fringe (India). Developed model is capable in developing adaptation strategies for optimum water resources planning and utilization in urban areas under different climate change scenarios.     

全自动漏斗吸嘴式粉尘发生装置样机研制

基于粉尘浓度测定和粉尘分布规律、运移规律和沉降规律研究的需要,在气溶胶粉尘发生器的基础上,设计了由计算机控制的全自动漏斗吸嘴式粉尘发生装置.提出了该装置的设计原理、设计结构及运行操作方法.基于C++设计了该装置的控制程序软件包,利用软件包中的驱动控制程序,实现了在计算机上对粉尘发生装置的远程遥控.监测传感器可及时发现吸嘴口是否出现粉尘堵塞,故障传感器同步监测步进电机和搅拌电机,通过微型计算机分析故障并发出相应控制指令.操作过程中,通过对圈数、时长、粉尘用量和密度的设置,可发生1种或多种粒径粉尘,控制发尘浓度、分散度,实现粉尘连续供给.通过发尘效果检验,得出在不同作业工序下,无论是连续产尘的喷浆、凿岩作业,还是瞬间产尘的爆破作业,该装置都具有较好的模拟产尘效果,产尘的分散度、浓度与现场实测值基本一致,表明该装置的粉尘粒度分布控制、产尘流量控制等技术达到了预期效果,可为研究粉尘相关特性试验提供稳定可靠、数量可控的粉尘源.     

Improved Weather Generator Algorithm for Multisite Simulation of Precipitation and Temperature

The KnnCAD Version 4 weather generator algorithm for nonparametric, multisite simulations of temperature and precipitation data is presented. The K‐nearest neighbor weather generator essentially reshuffles the historical data, with replacement. In KnnCAD Version 4, a block resampling scheme is introduced to preserve the temporal correlation structure in temperature data. Perturbation of the reshuffled variable data is also added to enhance the generation of extreme values. The Upper Thames River Basin in Ontario, Canada is used as a case study and the model is shown to simulate effectively the historical characteristics at the site. The KnnCAD Version 4 approach is shown to improve on the previous versions of the model and offers a major advantage over many parametric and semiparametric weather generators in that multisite use can be easily achieved without making statistical assumptions dealing with the spatial correlations and probability distributions of each variable.     

Effectiveness of Multi‐Site Weather Generator for Hydrological Modeling1

Khalili, Malika, François Brissette, and Robert Leconte, 2011. Effectiveness of Multi‐site Weather Generator for Hydrological Modeling. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1‐12. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00514.x Abstract: A multi‐site weather generator has been developed using the concept of spatial autocorrelation. The multi‐site generation approach reproduces the spatial autocorrelations observed between a set of weather stations as well as the correlations between each pair of stations. Its performance has been assessed in two previous studies using both precipitation and temperature data. The main objective of this paper is to assess the efficiency of this multi‐site weather generator compared to a uni‐site generator with respect to hydrological modeling. A hydrological model, known as Hydrotel, was applied over the Chute du Diable watershed, located in the Canadian province of Quebec. The distributed nature of Hydrotel accounts for the spatial variations throughout the watershed, and thus allows a more in‐depth assessment of the effect of spatially dependent meteorological input on runoff generation. Simulated streamflows using both the multi‐site and uni‐site generated weather data were statistically compared to flows modeled using observed data. Overall, the hydrological modeling using the multi‐site weather generator significantly outperformed that using the uni‐site generator. This latter combined to Hydrotel resulted in a significant underestimation of extreme streamflows in all seasons.