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111.
高铁酸盐在水和废水处理中的应用进展 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
本文综述了高铁酸盐用于饮用水的消毒、杀菌、除藻,有机废水的氧化混凝,恶臭物质的氧化去除,重金属离子及放射性废水的混凝沉淀,以及色度浊度的去除等领域的最新进展。并对今后的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
112.
Occurrence of halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPs) (trihalomethanes –THMs– and haloacetic acids –HAAs–) in the waters
of two utilities in Quebec City (Canada) was investigated using two approaches: experimental chlorination studies and full-scale
sampling within distribution systems. Experimental studies were designed to reproduce treatment plant and distribution system
conditions (chlorine dose, water temperature, pH and water residence time). Differences in halogenated DBPs in the two distribution
systems under study were significant and comparable to those observed in experimental laboratory studies. For the waters of
both utilities, chlorination studies better reproduced the occurrence of halogenated DBPs in points of the distribution system
located near the treatment plant (low residence time of water) than in other points. Multivariate regression models for THMs,
HAAs and their species were developed using the data from experimental studies in order to predict halogenated DBP levels
measured in the distribution system. Models were all statistically significant, but showed low ability to predict full-scale
halogenated DBPs, particularly in points located at distribution system extremities. Specifically, experimental chlorination-based
models are not able to simulate the decrease of HAA levels. Results of this research suggest that the use of experimental
data to predict halogenated DBP levels in full-scale distribution systems – for operational, regulatory and epidemiological
purposes – must be done with caution. 相似文献
113.
Prescreening teratogenic potential of chlorinated drinking water disinfection by products by using Hydra regeneration assay 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
PrescreeningteratogenicpotentialofchlorinateddrinkingwaterdisinfectionbyproductsbyusingHydraregenerationasayJiYuantangDepar... 相似文献
114.
城市污水臭氧消毒宏观动力学探索 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
消毒是城市污水回用的必要环节。本文以某污水厂出水为研究对象,采用臭氧(O3)作为消毒剂,考查了臭氧在实验水中的溶解和衰减过程,不同通气量和不同pH值条件下臭氧对城市污水厂生化处理后出水中大肠菌群的消毒过程和消毒效果。实验结果显示,臭氧对水中大肠菌群的消毒速度快、消毒效果十分显著;通入水中的气量低于10l/h时,灭菌率随通气量的提高而提高;在水质偏酸性时,有利于臭氧的溶解和提高大肠菌群的去除率;通气量在5l/h—30l/h,处理时间在10min以内时实验条件下臭氧消毒宏观动力学方程为—logS=Kt,式中K=0.2385min^-1—0.4674min^-1。 相似文献
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Because of increasing need to balance health risks for pathogen control and disinfection by-products (DBP) formation in drinking water supplies, water utilities are forced to closely examine and optimize their disinfection practices. This research was designed to investigate the effects of independent variables of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ferric chloride dosage, chlorine dose, and reaction time on trihalomethanes (THMs) formation in Terkos Lake Water (TLW) of Istanbul City. A statistically-based empirical model was developed for predicting THM formation during enhanced coagulation. The R
2 and F value of model were 0.762 and 460, respectively. The model was found to be statistically significant for all four variables, and model predictions appear to be most accurate for this study. A multiple linear model exhibited the best fit of data. It was observed that THM formation depended primarily on DOC removal. Model calibration, testing and validation were accomplished by using independent data set. 相似文献
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119.
Yan Zhang Donghui Chen Liang Chen Stephanie Ashbolt 《Journal of environmental management》2009,91(1):222-226
Rainwater is a traditional but underutilized water resource that has today had a resurgence due to the worldwide water crisis. This paper demonstrates the outcomes of research on the feasibility of rainwater use in high-rise residential envelopes for four Australian cities of Melbourne, Sydney, Perth and Darwin. Different climate patterns and various levels of water demand management were established for determination of storage dimensions; annual tank water use; reduction in both imported water flow and stormwater disposal; and water spillage from tanks. High level water demand management was a profoundly effective tool for reducing potable water supply, especially in combination with rainwater use. The economic feasibility of rainwater use systems were estimated; with Sydney having the shortest payback period compared to other cities either both with 3A rated appliances (8.6 years) or 5A ones installed (10.4 years). That was due to the higher and more consistent rainfall in Sydney. An outcome of this study was that Sydney was likely most suited to rainwater use, followed by Perth, Darwin, and then Melbourne. The objective of this study was to fill in the gap in estimating feasibility of rainwater use in various Australian cities. This investigation endeavors to provide assistance to water authorities and urban planners of Australian cities with the consideration of the potential of rainwater harvesting. 相似文献
120.
Lloyd H.C. Chua Edmond Y.M. Lo E.B. Shuy Stephen B.K. Tan 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(11):3635-3642
The results of an investigation characterizing the nutrients and suspended solids contained in stormwater from Kranji Catchment in Singapore are reported in this paper. Stormwater samples were collected from 4 locations and analyzed for the following eleven analytes: TOC, DOC, TN, TDN, NH4+, NO2− + NO3− (NOx), TP, TDP, OP, SiO2 and TSS. Stormwater was sampled from catchments with various proportions of rural and urban land use, including forested areas, grassed areas, agricultural and residential and commercial areas. The event mean concentrations (EMCs) of nutrients and TSS from sampling stations which have agricultural land use activities upstream were found to be higher. Comparison of site EMCs (SMCs) with published data showed that the SMCs of the nutrients and TSS are generally higher than SMCs reported for forested areas but lower than published SMCs for urban areas. Positive correlations (p < 5%) were found between loading and peak flow at locations most impacted by ubanisation or agricultural activities. Correlation between loading and rainfall variables was less distinct. EMC was found to correlate less with rainfall and flow variables compared to pollutant loading. Unlike loading, no consistent pattern exists linking EMC to any particular storm or flow variable in any of the catchments. Lastly, positive correlations were obtained between the particulate forms of nitrogen and phosphorus and TSS. 相似文献