神农丹农药恶臭废气资源化治理研究

采用资源化治理方式,对神农丹农药废气进行治理研究,结果表明:选择安全环保的氧化剂,将具有恶臭气味的二甲基硫醚废气氧化成无臭的二甲基亚砜.通过对反应时间、物料配比、反应温度、铁屑催化的实验研究,优化了工艺条件,将二甲基硫醚彻底氧化为二甲基亚砜,使污染物变废为宝,并在华阳集团建成了治理装置,实现了资源化和无害化治理.     

水质对污水再生絮凝工艺中病原性原虫去除的影响

采用荧光微球模拟隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫(简称两虫),考察了有机物和颗粒物的浓度、组成等水质特性对污水再生处理絮凝工艺中两虫去除特性的影响.结果表明,腐殖酸浓度增加可提高水样中胶体浓度,从而提高对两虫的去除率;而酪氨酸虽然能改变胶体表面性质,但不参与絮凝过程,故对两虫的去除率无明显影响.水样初始浊度对两虫去除率影响较小;但水样中颗粒物的粒径分布,特别是1nm～100μm粒子的比例与对两虫去除效果间存在较好的相关关系.     

曝气生物滤池去除二级出水中的氨氮

用曝气生物滤池对二级出水进行深度处理,经过生物膜培养驯化、变负荷研究、稳定运行三个阶段,结果表明,二级出水中的氨氮能够有效去除,可以达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅲ类水体标准,满足电厂循环冷却水及人工景观用水等高级回用的要求。     

人工湿地在景观水处理技术中的应用研究——以上水湾东湖山领地人工湿地为例

目前,中国水资源短缺日益严重,中水回用是解决水资源短缺的有效途径。人工湿地作为一种污水处理工艺,近年来得到了人们的广泛注意。在景观水处理中采用人工湿地污水处理技术对污废水进行处理后再回用,可以完美地将“中水处理”和“水景绿化”结合在一起。本文即是以上水湾东湖山领地人工湿地污水处理工程为例,对人工湿地处理景观水的工艺流程、工艺特点、经济效益和社会效益进行了分析,并对人工湿地在处理景观水时存在的问题和解决方法进行了阐述。     

制浆废水的回用中试研究

通过在一个百万吨级化学浆厂进行废水的中试试验,研究了回用预处理工艺和反渗透运行效果,探讨了反渗透浓水的处理方法,表明制浆废水膜法回用技术上可行。     

二氧化钛对地下水中砷硅的吸附及再生回用

二氧化钛(TiO_2)材料作为性能优异的吸附材料被广泛应用于地下水砷(As)的去除中.结果表明,地下水中共存硅离子(Si)会占据TiO_2的吸附位点,从而影响As的吸附及TiO_2材料的再生回用.本文通过同步辐射扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)研究了Si对As微观吸附机制的影响,表明Si的存在不会影响As在TiO_2上的吸附构型.衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)原位研究表明Si在TiO_2表面形成Si单体、低聚体和多聚体,从而竞争As的吸附位点,同时增加TiO_2再生的难度.为了实现TiO_2材料的高效再生,本研究进一步考察了氟化钠(NaF)对TiO_2表面Si的脱附效果,发现NaF可以有效地洗脱Si,再生后的TiO_2吸附性能稳定.ATR-FTIR光谱原位分析发现,NaF的加入可有效脱附TiO_2表面的Si单体和多聚体.当利用NaF和Na OH共同洗脱TiO_2表面的As和Si时,3次循环中As的脱附率为86.8%~100.3%,Si的脱附率为67.9%~82.0%.本研究为地下水砷硅共吸附材料的再生提供了一种有效方法.     

基于产品水足迹核算的印染企业生产节水潜力分析:案例研究

针对目前我国工业企业节水潜力分析准确程度不足的现状,以纺织印染企业为对象,根据水足迹评价方法建立了印染企业产品水足迹精确测算方法,从产品层面说明回用水和雨水收集对于水足迹的削减作用.结果表明,应用水回用及雨水收集利用后,单位产品新鲜水用量降低了11.3%,单位产品总工业用水量降低了10.4%.本研究将水平衡分析、水足迹评价与印染企业自身特点相结合,为企业内产品生产层面的节水分析提供了依据,并为企业的精细化节水路线设计提供了支持.     

化工污水深度处理回用技术探讨

文章讨论了在大庆石化公司水气厂污水车间进行污水回用中试,确定中试水质水量、中试工艺及主要运行参数,说明了中试装置运行情况,根据装置运行情况和化验数据,可得出结论:中试装置设计合理、运行稳定,出水水质平稳、运行成本低,水气厂出水水质达到了优于GB 50335-2002《污水再生利用工程设计规范》。     

Public acceptance potential for reuse applications in Turkey

The water reuse applications are becoming increasingly important in Turkey due to fresh water scarcity problems. However, the success of reuse practices depends on the public's acceptance. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the public awareness, and the potential for acceptance, of reuse applications in Turkey by way of a survey carried out for this purpose. 500 questionnaires were sent to different regions of Turkey and 375 of them were returned. The study indicated that both women and men have concerns about usage of wastewater, especially regarding the use of treated wastewater as drinking water. Results also showed that the area of greatest concern among the public is the health risks associated with recycled water. Respondents of both genders felt that treated wastewater reuse for applications not involving close personal contact was acceptable, due to reduced health risk concerns. On the other hand, the cost of reclamation is another major public concern.     

Recovery of coagulant from water supply plant sludge and its effect on clarification

Spent coagulant in water supply plant sludge was extracted with H₂SO₄ and the efficiency of the reused coagulant was studied. The optimum pH values for coagulant extraction and clarification with the reused coagulant were 3.0–4.0 and about 6, respectively. In treating raw influent obtained from a sewage treatment plant and wastewater from a coastal landfill site, the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen, and total phosphorous with the recovered coagulant was higher than that with commercial aluminum sulfate or polyaluminum chloride. In addition, the sludge settling properties, the extra sludge mass formation, the supernatant quality, and the cost of reagents were also studied. The coagulant recovered from water supply plant sludge by H₂SO₄ extraction could be successfully reused for the clarification of domestic and food industry wastewaters.