电炉渣铬浸出行为及资源化利用风险分析

不锈钢电炉渣含有剧毒的CaCrO4,铬的浸出行为研究,对电炉渣的处置及资源化利用过程中的风险评估具有十分重要的意义。对电炉渣中铬的浸出特征进行了分析,标准浸出程序结果表明,电炉渣Cr和Cr(Ⅵ)浸出量分别为4.68 mg/L和1.74 mg/L,高于HJ/T 301—2007规定的限值,不宜直接应用于建材领域;电炉渣铬浸出受浸提剂pH影响显著,Cr在中性环境下浸出量最少,酸性和碱性环境都有利于Cr的浸出;Cr(Ⅵ)的浸出量随pH值增大而增加。     

一种洗车废水净化回用新技术及应用

设计一种以专利技术污水净化器为核心用于洗车废水净化回用的小型一体化技术工艺,并详细介绍了其工艺流程、设备构造和处理方法。通过工程实例表明:该工艺处理效果良好,出水水质优于GB/T 18920—2002《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》;而且占地面积小,节省投资,运行管理方便,经济效益和社会效益明显,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Response of stormwater retention basins to two chemical aquatic weed control methods

The City of Winnipeg, Canada has 70 stormwater retention basins (SRBs) whose primary function is to act as land-drainage, storage reservoirs within the city. The ponds often become choked with vegetation and this disenchants property owners who have been led to believe, by subdivision developers, that the ponds are pristine ‘lakes’. The City has implemented some control measures to help alleviate customer dissatisfaction by removing vegetation using the herbicides Karmex-DF and Reglone-A. For this study, in order to evaluate herbicide control methods, water quality was assessed on 10 occasions, biweekly over the 5 months of a Canadian summer (May to September), on 37 of the SRBs. Various water quality parameters were determined, including total suspended solids (TSS), chlorophyll-a, turbidity, transparency, ammonia, nitrate, orthophosphate, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH. By comparing the water quality data resulting from the two aquatic weed control measures, it was established that neither herbicide method seemed to be as effective as the natural ability of the ponds to limit vegetative growth. It is suggested that utilization of the herbicide as a long-term aquatic weed control measure should therefore proceed with caution and perhaps, other alternative methods of control could also be investigated.     

活性炭/过一硫酸盐降解水中金橙Ⅱ:活性炭的循环利用

研究了常温常压下颗粒状活性炭(GAC)与过一硫酸盐(PMS)联合体系降解水中金橙Ⅱ时GAC可循环利用的问题.实验发现,本体系中GAC可以重复使用,循环4次后GAC的催化活性只降低了4.6%.说明该体系具有较好的GAC再生能力,氧化剂的用量越大再生能力越强.在GAC催化PMS降解金橙Ⅱ的过程中,PMS可能会氧化GAC的表面,使得GAC的催化能力得以加强.同时发现该体系中仅是GAC的催化能力得到很好的再生,而吸附能力并没有得到再生.当GAC几乎失去吸附能力时,催化能力仍几乎能保持不变.当PMS与金橙Ⅱ的物质的量之比为20∶1时,连续流实验进行10 d,GAC的催化活性仍未减弱,GAC的使用寿命较长.该体系具有很好的实际应用潜力.     

构筑可持续发展的循环型社会体系

可持续发展社会的形成并不仅指单纯的物质循环,而是用生态学原理来调和社会和经济的发展,使社会·经济·环境都达成持续的生态平衡。通过论述日本循环型社会形成基本法等相关法律体系,分析了面向循环型经济社会建设的产业体系的发展方向,通过区域性循环社会的实践阐述了从循环型经济社会向可持续发展社会转变的重要意义。     

小型生活污水处理及回用反应器的设计

根据家庭生活污水的水质情况及膜生物反应器设计应用技术规程设计并制作出一个小型的膜生物反应器。该膜生物反应器由三部分组成:水解酸化区、反应区、清水区。生活污水首先进入水解酸化区经水解酸化初步处理后进入反应区,在反应区内采用管式膜曝气来去除水中污染物,处理后的水经清水泵抽吸至清水区后便可回用于冲厕及其他生活杂用水。     

势能增氧生物处理工艺的应用研究

介绍势能增氧生态床的增氧机理及工程实例。生态床为多层浅床结构,每层装设填料,采用虹吸管进出水,利用水流势能进行大气复氧,水中DO逐层增加,出水DO达到最高。结构紧凑,投资省,高效节能,可用于小区中水回用处理,经济效益优于传统工艺。     

表面处理行业废水治理及中水回用工程实践

针对电镀等表面处理行业废水的水质特征,以浙江台州某表面处理有限公司为例,介绍了高压脉冲电凝机处理电镀综合废水与膜法反渗透中水回用工艺,经过近年的运行及实践证明,该工艺先进可行,效果好,不仅确保出水达标,而且75%中水回用,操作性强,工程投资和运行费用较低,无二次污染,是一种较实用的治理电镀综合废水与中水回用新技术。     

A cost effective method for decentralized sewage treatment

The aim of this research was to upgrade the performance of a conventional septic tank (CST) for on-site treatment of sewage with negligible costs. Although CST is known as an inexpensive pre-treatment system, a complementary treatment is required to reuse its output effluent. In this work, the quality of treated wastewater reached to the standard level for irrigation by the innovational changes made in the structure of CST for converting it into an advanced septic reactor (ASR). The modification consists adding some pipe and trays without using any mechanical or electrical equipment.ASR was operated at ambient temperatures in laboratory and pilot-scale. The effects of up-flow velocities (V_up) of 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 1.5 m/h and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 36, 24 and 12 h on the ASR treatment performance were studied.For optimum V_up of 1 m/h and HRT of 24 h and biomass specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of 0.31 mg COD/g VSS d the maximum removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS) were 86.2%, 79.4% and 95%, respectively.The results showed that ASR is an appropriate alternative for CST for sewage on-site treatment by a low cost modification.     

曝气生物滤池耦合超滤反渗透处理乙烯厂污水工程实例

采用“曝气生物滤池－超滤－反渗透”工艺处理由污水处理厂排水、滤池反洗水、清净下水以及厂区生活污水混合而成的废水,工程运行结果表明,COD ,BOD ,氨氮、浊度、电导率的去除率分别为68．06％,77．93％,72．73％,97．37％,99．17％,出水pH为7．2,本系统出水水质满足循环水补水水质要求。