复合式膜生物反应器处理城市污水及回用的特性研究

在以复合式膜生物反应器系统为基础,以模拟城市污水为处理对象。通过运行条件优化研究,系统获得了良好的出水水质,出水中SS、浊度及色度均未检出;出水中有机污染物和N、P的平均浓度分别为COD≤16.32 mg/L、BOD5≤3.45mg/L、NH3-N≤0.75 mg/L、TN≤10.13 mg/L、TP≤1.08 mg/L,其相应的平均去除率分别为≥95.58%、≥98.91%、≥97.19%、≥71.71%、≥71.31%,各项水质指标的去除率明显高于传统生物处理工艺。优良的出水完全能满足城市生活杂用对水质的要求。     

Feasibility and simulation model of a pilot scale membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment and reuse from Chinese traditional medicine

The lack and pollution of water resource make wastewater reuse necessary. The pilot scale long-term tests for submerged membrane bioreactor were conducted to treat the effluents of anaerobic or aerobic treatment process for the high-strength Chinese traditional medicine wastewater. This article was focused on the feasibility of the wastewater treatment and reuse at shorter hydraulic retention time （HRT） of 5.0, 3.2 and 2.13 h. MLSS growth, membrane flux, vacuum values and chemical cleaning periods were also investigated. The experimental results of treating two-phase anaerobic treatment effluent demonstrated that the CODfilt was less than 100 mg/L when the influent COD was between 500-10000 mg/L at HRT of 5.0 h, which could satisfy the normal discharged standard in China. The experimental results to treat cross flow aerobic reactor effluent demonstrated that the average value of CODfilt was 17.28 mg/L when the average value of influent COD was 192.84 mg/L at HRT of 2.13 h during 106 d, which could completely meet the normal standard for water reuse. The maximum MLSS and MLVSS reached 24000 and 14500 mg/L at HRT of 3.2 h respectively. Membrane flux had maximal resume degrees of 94.7% at vacuum value of 0.02 MPa after cleaning. Chemical cleaning periods of membrane module were 150 d. A simulation model of operational parameters was also established based on the theory of back propagation neural network and linear regression of traditional mathematical model. The simulation model showed that the optimum operational parameters were suggested as follows： HRT was 5.0 h, SRT was 100 d, the range of COD loading rate was between 10.664-20.451 kg/（m3.d）, the range of MLSS was between 7543-13694 mg/L.     

城市废弃工矿区土地再利用研究

加快城市废弃工矿区土地再利用,已成为发展矿区循环经济、提高城市土地利用效率有效途径之一。在对城市废弃工矿区土地再利用的相关概念界定的基础上．对城市废弃工矿区土地再利用理论和技术进行了综述,并提出存在的问题及建议。     

废旧冰箱塑料回收再生利用技术研究

目前我国的废旧冰箱已进入了一个报废高峰期，且大量废旧冰箱塑料的处理问题已成为当今地球环境保护的热点问题，而我国又是一个人均资源占有量很低的国家，因此，对废旧冰箱塑料进行回收与再生利用则具有极其重要的意义。介绍了废旧冰箱塑料的物理再生利用、化学再生利用、生物降解、能源回收利用的技术和方法。     

超滤与电渗析联用降低油田采出水矿化度中试试验研究

以大庆油田常规处理后的油田采出水为处理对象,建立日产水300t的超滤预处理和电渗析脱盐处理中试试验装置.考察该工艺所能达到的技术经济指标,掌握放大规律,为万吨级工业装置和系统的设计提供基础数据.经过3000h长时间连续试运行,系统出水水质稳定,出水浊度低于1.0 NTU,悬浮物和含油量低于1.00 mg/L,矿化度低于1000 mg/L,水质完全满足配制聚合物用水要求,证明采用处理后的油田采出水代替清水作为聚合物驱用水是可行的.     

Stormwater runoff and export changes with development in a traditional and low impact subdivision

Development continues at a rapid pace throughout the country. Runoff from the impervious surfaces in these watersheds continues to be a major cause of degradation to freshwater bodies and estuaries. Low impact development techniques have been recommended to reduce these impacts. In this study, stormwater runoff and pollutant concentrations were measured as development progressed in both a traditional development, and a development that used low impact development techniques. Increases in total impervious area in each watershed were also measured. Regression relationships were developed between total impervious area and stormwater runoff/pollutant export. Significant, logarithmic increases in stormwater runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus export were found as development occurred in the traditional subdivision. The increases in stormwater runoff and pollutant export were more than two orders of magnitude. TN and TP export after development was 10 and 1 kg ha(-1) yr(-1), respectively, which was consistent with export from other urban/developed areas. In contrast, stormwater runoff and pollutant export from the low impact subdivision remained unchanged from pre-development levels. TN and TP export from the low impact subdivision were consistent with export values from forested watersheds. The results of this study indicate that the use of low impact development techniques on a watershed scale can greatly reduce the impacts of development on local waterways.     

磷酸铵镁化学沉淀法在处理氨氮废水中的研究进展

介绍了磷酸铵镁(MAP)化学沉淀法在处理氨氮废水领域的研究现状,包括MAP化学沉淀法处理氮磷的工艺研究、磷酸铵镁沉淀的分离富集方法和循环再利用的方法,并对磷酸铵镁化学沉淀法的发展趋势进行了展望.     

安庆地震台山洞再利用的可行性研究

本文全面总结了安庆台山洞的现状,客观指出安庆台山洞巳经不能满足现实需求,并依据地震监测规范要求,就如何改善和解决观测条件和观测系统等方面存在的问题,以实现山洞的再利用进行了深入研究和探讨,认为安庆台山洞可以通过观测环境的改造、观测系统的升级等措施实现山洞再利用,并能够重新发挥安庆台洞体观测在全省地震监测中的重要作用,同...     

雨水就地处置方式的环境风险评价

雨水的就地处置正在成为一种新的处理雨水的方法，但是由于雨水径流水质的不稳定性，回灌可能会对环境产生不利的影响。因此在实施雨水回灌前需进行环境风险评价。通过对上海市雨水径流中常见污染物质含量分析（包括重金属，微生物，阴阳离子以及常规水质指标4个方面），对各种监测和实验数据进行详细分析，得出在严格控制回灌区域，保证回灌雨水水质的前提下，雨水回灌不会对环境带来不利影响的结论。     

城市污水回用示范工程

本文阐述了城市污水回用的重要作用.介绍了国家科技攻关项目城市污水回用示范工程建设背景及概况、水质指标及效益分析.