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371.
阐述了LMC型低压长袋脉冲喷吹除尘器在矿热炉烟气治理中的成功应用。LMC型除尘器在设计上充分考虑到矿热炉高温烟气温度和粉尘性质对设备的影响,并根据不同烟气温度、粉尘性质及工艺的变化,采用不同配件和材料。 相似文献
372.
373.
Kirti Bhushan Mishra Klaus-Dieter Wehrstedt 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2012,25(1):224-226
The mass burning rate of pool fires of organic peroxides do not vary appreciably with the pool size as have been observed for the hydrocarbons. Instead the decomposition temperature largely controls the same. The dependence of mass burning rate on the decomposition temperatures namely self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) and extrapolated onset temperature measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for organic peroxide pool fires are identified and correlations are developed. 相似文献
374.
针对小型火力热电厂中小吨位燃煤锅炉应用现状 ,结合固体燃煤燃烧的机理 ,在详细分析常见锅炉工作原理和燃烧反应特性的基础上 ,提出了用水蒸气促燃降污节能的理论 ,水蒸气介入后促燃化学模型和物理模型的建立 ,证明了这一理论的可行性 相似文献
375.
Kristin Aunan Terje K. Berntsen Gunnar Myhre Kristin Rypdal David G. Streets Jung-Hun Woo Kirk R. Smith 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(35):5674-5681
Household fuel use in developing countries, particularly as biomass and coal, is a major source of carbonaceous aerosols and other air pollutants affecting health and climate. Using state-of-the-art emission inventories, a global three-dimensional photochemical tracer/transport model of the troposphere, and a global radiative transfer model based on methods presented in the latest IPCC Assessment Report (2007-AR4), we estimate the radiative forcing (RF) attributable to household fuel combustion in Asia in terms of current global annual-mean RF and future global integrated RF for a one-year pulse of emissions (2000) over two time horizons (100 and 20 years). Despite the significant emissions of black carbon (BC) aerosols, these estimates indicate that shorter-lived (non-Kyoto) air pollutants from household fuel use in the region overall seem to exert a small net negative RF because of the strong influence of reflective aerosols. There are, however, major uncertainties in emission estimates for solid fuel burning, and about the sustainability of household fuel wood harvesting in Asia (the carbon neutrality of harvesting). In addition, there is still substantial uncertainty associated with the BC radiative forcing. As a result we find that the sign of the RF from household biomass burning in the region cannot be established. While recognizing the value of integrating climate change and air pollution policies, we are concerned that for a ‘Kyoto style’ post-Kyoto treaty (with global cap-and-trade and the Global Warming Potential as the metric) expanding the basket of components with a selection of short-lived species without also including the wider range of co-emitted species may lead to unintended consequences for global-scale climate. Additional measurement, modelling, and policy research is urgently needed to reduce the uncertainties so that the net impact on climate of emissions and mitigation measures in this sector can be accurately assessed. 相似文献
376.
Release of PCDD and PCDF from biomass combustion such as forest and agricultural crop fires has been nominated as an important source for these chemicals despite minimal characterisation. Available emission factors that have been experimentally determined in laboratory and field experiments vary by several orders of magnitude from <0.5 μg TEQ (t fuel consumed)−1 to >100 μg TEQ (t fuel consumed)−1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of experimental methods on the emission factor.A portable field sampler was used to measure PCDD/PCDF emissions from forest fires and the same fuel when burnt over a brick hearth to eliminate potential soil effects. A laboratory burn facility was used to sample emissions from the same fuels. There was very good agreement in emission factors to air (EFAir) for forest fuel (Duke Forest, NC) of 0.52 (range: 0.40-0.79), 0.59 (range: 0.18-1.2) and 0.75 (range: 0.27-1.2) μg TEQWHO2005 (t fuel consumed)−1 for the in-field, over a brick hearth, and burn facility experiments, respectively. Similarly, experiments with sugarcane showed very good agreement with EFAir of 1.1 (range: 0.40-2.2), 1.5 (range: 0.84-2.2) and 1.7 (range: 0.34-4.4) μg TEQ (t fuel consumed)−1 for in-field, over a brick hearth, open field and burn facility experiments respectively. Field sampling and laboratory simulations were in good agreement, and no significant changes in emissions of PCDD/PCDF could be attributed to fuel storage and transport to laboratory test facilities. 相似文献
377.
Determination of imazosulfuron persistence in rice crop and soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sondhia S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,137(1-3):205-211
Imazosulfuron is a new post-emergence sulfonylurea herbicide. It is highly active at low application rates to control annual
and perennial broad-leaf weeds and sedges in rice. There is increasing concerned about the persistence of pesticide residues
in soils, crop produce and subsequent contamination of groundwater. Thus persistence of imazosulfuron residues under field
condition was evaluated. Imazosulfuron was applied at 30, 40, 50 and 60 a. i. g ha −1 rates, 4 days after transplanting of rice as post-emergence herbicide. Soil and plant samples treated with imazosulfuron
were collected at 60, 90 and 120 days after herbicide application and analyzed for residues. Rice grains and straw samples
were sampled at harvest (120 days). Residues of imazosulfuron in soil were not found after 90 and 120 DAS (days after spraying).
Rice grains contained 0.006, 0.009 μg g−1 residues at 50 and 60 g ha −1 application rates. 0.009 and 0.039 μg g−1 residues of imazosulfuron were detected at 50 and 60 g/ha rates respectively in rice straw. Residues of imazosulfuron were
not detected applied at 30 and 40 g ha−1 in rice grains and straw, respectively and can be safely applied to the transplanted rice. 相似文献
378.
379.
为加强对秸秆焚烧的管理,通过对国家环境保护总局公布的夏冬收获季节卫星遥感探测的火点情况的统计分析,2004年-2009年夏冬收获季节南通市空气质量日变化趋势分析及典型秸秆焚烧日环境空气中污染物的小时变化趋势分析,得出秸秆焚烧对南通市环境空气质量影响的程度,掌握了南通市秸秆焚烧地域分布情况. 相似文献
380.
Emission factors for PCDD/PCDF determined from open combustion are used to estimate national emission budgets; therefore, it is important to have confidence in their accuracy. It has been suspected that artefacts may form due to the presence of hot metal surfaces of sampling equipment, thus skewing emission factors. In this study, emissions of PCDD/PCDF from open burning of forest biomass over a brick hearth were sampled. Five experiments were carried out using a portable sampler. Experiments were designed where the key variable, sample hood and inlet temperatures were manipulated. Other variables such as fuel origin, type and density were consistent. The measured concentration of PCDD/PCDF in the smoke samples ranged from 0.01 μg TEQ (t fuel)−1 at the lowest maximum hood temperature (185 °C) to 15 μg TEQ (t fuel)−1 at the highest maximum hood temperature (598 °C). when hood inlet temperatures exceeded 400 °C emission factors were significantly elevated and this is attributed to the formation of artefacts that can cause the over estimation of emission factors. The increase in hood temperature also resulted in a change in the PCDD/PCDF congener and homologue profile of the emissions. For example at the lowest temperature (Fire 1) the PCDD/PCDF ratio measured was 50:1, whereas at the highest temperature (Fire 5) this ratio was about 0.53:1. When the sampler hood and inlet temperatures were kept in the normal operating range of <200 °C, emission factors were comparable to those observed in many previous studies in Australia with emissions dominated by PCDD. 相似文献