环境激素污染研究进展

环境激素污染，使生物与人类的持续生存和繁衍受到威胁，有关环境激素的研究在整体上尚属起步阶段。该文通过以下3方向：环境激素物质快速筛选的方法研究；环境激素对生物与人体的毒理影响研究；环境激素的表生行为和环境效应研究；综述了国内外有关环境激素的研究及进展。有机污染在我国相当严重，已发现许多有机物具雌激素作用，故开展环境激素污染的研究势在必行。     

沸石对水中磷吸附性能的初步研究

利用不同粒径的沸石对水中磷的吸附性能进行初步研究。结果表明：投加量7 g,反应时间60min,温度35℃,pH 3～9时沸石对水中磷的吸附效果最佳;沸石对磷的吸附动力学过程适合用拟二级速率方程进行拟合,拟合系数接近1;吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程所描述的规律,温度越高,沸石对磷的吸附性能越好;在相同的温度条件下,粒径越小的沸石对磷的吸附能力越强。     

Safety analysis and risk assessment of a Micro-GtL Plant

Laboratory hydrogen generators, medical oxygen, and micro-breweries are examples of modular and micro technologies that are commercial successes. Researchers, patients, and unskilled workers operate these facilities but more complex processes require highly qualified personnel to ensure they operate safely. Modular-micro processes in isolated locations meet economic objectives when operated remotely thereby minimizing labor costs. Mitigating the risk requires a comprehensive hazards analysis with advanced control systems particularly for explosive and toxic compounds. Here, we propose a method called Failure Mode Risk Decision (FMRD) to review the inherent hazards of a micro-refinery unit (MRU) that converts flared and wasted natural gas to long chain hydrocarbons. This approach combines the Process Flow Failure Mode (PFFM) methodology as a systematic and reliable technique with a novel numerical risk assessment to improve the analytical evaluation of hazardous conditions. The objective is to combine causes and consequences in a single metric, where scaled probability of evident causes and severity of consequences are used to derive a risk level measure. With the proposed metric, the magnitude of a potential hazard is directly correlated with the risk level. This mechanism identifies extra risk scenarios compared to the classical hazard analysis method and provides a straightforward comprehensive numerical assessment to represent the inherent and residual risks to facilitate justifying the hazardous scenarios. Accordingly, we design a safety loop and supply all the required facilities to remove the potential risks at the process plant. Not only the proposed methodology clarifies the risks of the MRU presented in this study, but can be extended to review the hazards of other chemical process plants.     

当代企业环境文化的塑造

论述了当代企业建设环境文化的必要性,提出了塑造企业环境文化的途径,旨在为企业加强环境文化建设提供可以借鉴的理论依据和建议。     

以青奥会为契机南京城市环境问题调查与对策

围绕南京城市环境主要问题对国际访客和南京市民进行调查,分别发放186和205份问卷,其中有效问卷为178和200份,回收率分别为95.7%和97.6%,使用拟合优度方法检验。结果表明,国际访客对南京城市环境的满意度明显低于南京市民;国际访客对旅游区环境更看重;两者都认为视觉环境中的户外广告、城市绿化和城市扬尘是南京主要城市环境问题,而政府和普通市民是最应该对南京城市环境问题负责的群体,但南京市民更倾向把环保问题推给政府。围绕调查问卷中所反映的3大主要环境问题,本研究还对北京、新加坡、美国加利福尼亚州等国内外先进地区进行案例分析和经验总结,可为解决南京城市环境问题提供新的思路。     

氮污染在地下水中迁移、转化规律的研究

氮及其化合物是目前地表水和地下水的一个重要污染源。本文选取不同土质作为渗透介质,通过室内土柱实验,得出不同深度的土层对不同浓度的NH4+-N和NO3--N的去除率,及不同土层对同一浓度NH4+-N和NO3--N的去除率。同时得出,无论哪种地下土质对氨和硝酸盐的阻截能力都较弱,对突发污染恢复力也同样较弱。     

Effects of Vehicle Impact Velocity and Front-End Structure on Dynamic Responses of Child Pedestrians

To investigate the effects of vehicle impact velocity and front-end structure on the dynamic responses of child pedestrians, an extensive parametric study was carried out using two child mathematical models at 6 and 15 years old. The effect of the vehicle impact velocity was studied at 30, 40, and 50 km/h in terms of the head linear velocity, impact angle, and head angular velocity as well as various injury parameters concerning the head, chest, pelvis, and lower extremities. The variation of vehicle front-end shape was determined according to the shape corridors of modern vehicles, while the stiffness characteristics of the bumper, hood edge, and hood were varied within stiffness corridors obtained from dynamic component tests. The simulation results show that the vehicle impact speed is of great importance on the kinematics and resulting injury severity of child pedestrians. A significant reduction in all injury parameters can be achieved as the vehicle impact speed decreases to 30 km/h. The head and lower extremities of children are at higher injury risks than other body regions. Older children are exposed to higher injury risks to the head and lower leg, whereas younger ones sustain more severe impact loads to the pelvis and upper leg. The results from factorial analysis indicate that the hood-edge height has a significant effect on the kinematics and head impact responses of children. A higher hood edge could reduce the severity of head impact for younger children, but aggravate the risks of head injury for older ones. A significant interaction exists between the bumper height and the hood-edge height on the head impact responses of younger child. Nevertheless, improving the energy absorption performance of the hood seems effective for mitigating the severity of head injuries for children.     

高速网络环境下的入侵检测

实现高速网络中实时入侵检测与预警已经成为目前网络安全所面临的问题。笔者首先分析了当前入侵检测系统中模式匹配算法 ,对模式匹配算法作了改进 ;接着对Rete算法进行了分析 ,并针对Rete算法的不足 ,在Rete网算法的基础上引入了FRete网算法 ,在此基础上建立了一种基于FRete匹配算法的推理机 ,对可疑事实进行推理 ;然后在此基础上设计了一种基于高速网络环境的入侵检测系统 ;最后建立了对入侵检测系统进行性能测试的仿真实验环境。通过上述的改进 ,提高了入侵检测系统的运行速度和效率 ,能较好地适应高速网络环境下的入侵检测。     

浅谈定置管理内涵及运作模式

结合金川公司安全生产的实际,对定置管理的内涵、目的、意义及运作方法进行了系统的论述,提出了搞好定置管理工作应遵循的五项原则,切忌各种形式主义和不切合企业实际的虚假作法。     

城市污水厂污泥间壁热干燥过程实验研究

分析污水厂污泥间壁热干燥过程的影响因素 ,并确定过程的关键设计参数。研究以间隔实验为基本手段 ,并进行了污泥间壁热干燥过程数学模型的推导。认为 :壁温和泥层厚度是过程的主要影响因素 ,由实验数据确定的过程比总传热系数 K是设计的关键参数 ,在适宜条件 :壁温 16 0℃ ,泥层厚度 1.0 cm时 ,其值为 6 5 .6 (k J/ m2·℃· h)