关于燃煤电厂环境影响评价工作中的一些问题

对燃煤电厂的环评工作中，项目选址、总平面布置、污染防治与清洁生产：冷却塔噪声等一些值得注意的问题进行了探讨，并提出了一些初步意见。     

用大型底栖动物对武汉南湖水质的生物学评价

2003年6月至2004年5月季度性调查武汉南湖大型底栖动物的种类组成,并对水质理化指标进行测定.结果表明,大型底栖动物由寡毛类和水生昆虫组成,密度为4 437个/m2,优势种为霍甫水丝蚓和刺铗长足摇蚊;大型底栖动物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margelef多样性指数表明南湖水质为中等污染状态;历年夏季水体中主要营养元素含量的变化,进一步描述了近年来南湖富营养化的加剧进程.     

Assessing safety culture in the Spanish nuclear industry through the use of working groups

This paper presents the design and the implementation of a methodology for measuring and improving safety culture at a nuclear power plant (NPP). The study has involved the completion of a pilot project aimed at seeing how to make use of the RADAR logic (Results, Approach, Deployment, Assessment and Review) of the EFQM model as a tool for the self assessment of safety culture in a nuclear power plant. The work was aimed at finding evidence of the safety culture that was in place at the plant and at identifying both the strengths of that culture and any areas in which it could be improved. The score obtained from an analysis of those strengths and areas for improvement has made it possible to prioritise the actions to be taken. The identification of perceptions and evidence, the agreement on the strong points and areas for improvement and the quantification of the safety culture have been performed by groups comprising volunteers who work at the NPP. The advantages of this methodology are assessed in the paper.     

Uncertainties in QRA: Analysis of losses of containment from piping and implications on risk prevention and mitigation

Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is commonly used in the chemical industry to support decision-making. Common practices are based on standard methods, such as fault tree, event tree, etc.; in this frame, risk is a function of frequency of events (probability) and associated consequences (negative outcomes), but relevant uncertainties often are not properly taken into account in the derived results. This paper presents the application of an extended risk analysis of loss of containments for a case-study with the following aims: firstly, the uncertainties related to the results of the analysis, which derive from assumption in the application of the standard models, are qualitatively assessed; secondly the application allows evaluating the impact of the uncertainties on the trustworthiness of the results and, finally, commenting about their use in the risk prevention and mitigation.     

城市生态系统的预测与综合评价的思想体系

本方针对国内外城市生态系统的研究,提出了一套预测一评价一对策的思想体系,并对其预测、评价方法作了初步理论探讨.     

Assessing Land-Use Impacts on Natural Resources

/ Much information is available on changes that occur in natural resources from both spatially-explicit data on environmental conditions and models of the interactions of these conditions and resources with human activities. The strategy for assessing land-use impacts on natural resources developed in this paper provides a framework for using relevant data and models to address questions of how management practices can promote both use and protection of resources. This assessment strategy integrates spatially explicit environmental data using geographic information systems (GIS) with computer models that simulate changes in land cover in response to land-use impacts. The computer models also simulate susceptibility of species to changes in habitat suitability and landscape patterns. The approach is applied to management of limestone barrens on the Oak Ridge Reservation in East Tennessee. Potential limestone barrens habitats are identified by overlaying appropriate soils, geology, slope, and land-use/land-cover conditions. Their validity is tested against known sites containing rare species that occur in these habitats. The location of habitats at risk in the aftermath of human activities is determined by using an available area model that identifies the size and proximity of sites that particular types of species can no longer use as habitat. The resulting risk map can be used in land management planning. The approach uses readily available in situ and remotely sensed data and is applicable to a wide range of locations and land-use scenarios. This approach can be refined based on needs identified by land managers and on the sensitivity of the results to the resolution of available resource information.KEY WORDS: Land management; Assessment; Habitat characterization; Limestone barrens; Ecological modeling; Geographic information systems     

大气环境质量功能体系及其评价中的系统观

应用系统理论,论证了环境质量作为一种功能体系存在的客观性,并分析了该体系的基本特点及与人类需求层次相协调的性质,从而将环境质量拓展为一种广义的概念以顺应经济、社会发展和环境科学发展的要求.进而就大气环境质量功能体系,探讨了认识和评价环境质量的一般方法以及系统科学在环境科学领域中的应用.     

生命周期评价在工程分析中的运用

工程分析是建设项目环境影响评价的关键所在。就目前工程分析存在的问题进行讨论，介绍生命周期评价的基本过程，提出将生命周期评价引入工程分析，以提高工程分析的科学性，为项目决策提供科学依据。‘’     

危险废物处理处置技术评价方法研究

在对不同危险废物处理处置技术评价方法适用性进行分析的基础上,对危险废物处理处置技术评价方法进行了系统研究.结果发现专家评价法和环境技术评价(EnTA)法以定性评价为主,简单易行,应用范围广泛;生命周期评价(LCA)法以定量为主,但由于数据采集困难,目前在应用上还面临很多困难;层次分析(AHP)法把定性与定量评价融合得比较好,对于解决危险废物处理处置技术的选择问题行之有效.