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排序方式: 共有843条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
821.
Renjun Zhou Shenzheng Zeng Dongwei Hou Jian Liu Shaoping Weng Jianguo He Zhijian Huang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(6):248-256
Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs), human pathogenic bacteria(HPB), and HPB carrying ARGs are public issues that pose a high risk to aquatic environments and public health. Their diversity and abundance in water, intestine, and sediments of shrimp culture pond were investigated using metagenomic approach. A total of 19 classes of ARGs, 52 HPB species, and 7 species of HPB carrying ARGs were found. Additionally, 157, 104, and 86 subtypes of ARGs were detected in shrimp intestine, pond water, and sediment samples, respectively. In all the samples, multidrug resistance genes were the highest abundant class of ARGs. The dominant HPB was Enterococcus faecalis in shrimp intestine, Vibrio parahaemolyticus in sediments, and Mycobacterium yongonense in water, respectively. Moreover, E. faecalis(contig Intestine_364647)and Enterococcus faecium(contig Intestine_80272) carrying efr A, efr B and ANT(6)-Ia were found in shrimp intestine, Desulfosaricina cetonica(contig Sediment_825143) and Escherichia coli(contig Sediment_188430) carrying mex B and APH(3′)-IIa were found in sediments, and Laribacter hongkongensis(contig Water_478168 and Water_369477), Shigella sonnei(contig Water_880246),and Acinetobacter baumannii(contig Water_525520) carrying sul1, sul2, ere A, qac H, OXA-21, and mph D were found in pond water. Mobile genetic elements(MGEs) analysis indicated that horizontal gene transfer(HGT) of integrons, insertion sequences, and plasmids existed in shrimp intestine, sediment, and water samples, and the abundance of integrons was higher than that of other two MGEs. The results suggested that HPB carrying ARGs potentially existed in aquatic environments, and that these contributed to the environment and public health risk evaluation. 相似文献
822.
Unlike the role of the membrane in a membrane bioreactor, which is designed to replace a sediment tank, direct sewage membrane filtration (DSMF), with the goal of concentrating organic matters, is proposed as a pretreatment process in a novel sewage treatment concept. The concept of membrane-based pretreatment is proposed to divide raw sewage into a concentrated part retaining most organics and a filtered part with less pollutant remaining, so that energy recovery and water reuse, respectively, could be realized by post-treatment. A pilot-scale experiment was carried out to verify the feasibility of coagulant/adsorbent addition for membrane fouling control, which has been the main issue during this DSMF process. The results showed that continuous coagulant addition successfully slowed down the increase in filtration resistance, with the resistance maintained below 1.0 × 1013 m− 1 in the first 70 hr before a jump occurred. Furthermore, the adsorbent addition contributed to retarding the occurrence of the filtration resistance jump, achieving simultaneous fouling control and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration improvement. The final concentrated COD amounted to 7500 mg/L after 6 days of operation. 相似文献
823.
耐铅、铜微生物的筛选及吸附性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用浓度梯度筛选的方法,从重金属污染土壤中分离筛选到两株耐受和吸附铅、铜的细菌G、Y。用单因素的方法得到G最适的培养条件为.T=30℃;pH=6.O;NaCl浓度为0.5%;Y的最适培养条件分别为:T=37℃;pH=8.5;NaCl浓度为0.5%。用原子吸收分光光度法测得,G、Y的冻干菌体对Pb2+、Cu2+的吸附量分别为:G铅 126.42mg/g,G铜75mg/g,Y钢61.08mg/g,Y钢45.86mg/g。G湿菌体对铅、铜的吸附率分别为:G铅94.66%,G铜92.84%;Y湿菌体对铅、铜的吸附率分别为:Y铅99.74%,Y铜97.96%。经检测,其遗传性状稳定。可进一步开发为重金属吸附剂。 相似文献
824.
825.
The Southeastern United States is a global center of freshwater biotic diversity, but much of the regions aquatic biodiversity is at risk from stream degradation. Nonpoint pollution sources are responsible for 70% of that degradation, and controlling nonpoint pollution from agriculture, urbanization, and silviculture is considered critical to maintaining water quality and aquatic biodiversity in the Southeast. We used an ecological risk assessment framework to develop vulnerability models that can help policymakers and natural resource managers understand the impact of land cover changes on water quality in North Carolina. Additionally, we determined which landscape characteristics are most closely associated with macroinvertebrate community tolerance of stream degradation, and therefore with lower-quality water. The results will allow managers and policymakers to weigh the risks of management and policy decisions to a given watershed or set of watersheds, including whether streamside buffer protection zones are ecologically effective in achieving water quality standards. Regression analyses revealed that landscape variables explained up to 56.3% of the variability in benthic macroinvertebrate index scores. The resulting vulnerability models indicate that North Carolina watersheds with less forest cover are at most risk for degraded water quality and steam habitat conditions. The importance of forest cover, at both the watershed and riparian zone scale, in predicting macrobenthic invertebrate community assemblage varies by geographic region of the state. 相似文献
826.
污泥资源化处置与综合利用 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
介绍了污泥处理的目的、方法,提出污泥应作为一种资源进行综合利用。并结合实例阐述了我国污泥农用资源化处置现状及未来发展趋势。 相似文献
827.
828.
Unlike the role of the membrane in a membrane bioreactor, which is designed to replace a sediment tank, direct sewage membrane filtration(DSMF), with the goal of concentrating organic matters, is proposed as a pretreatment process in a novel sewage treatment concept. The concept of membrane-based pretreatment is proposed to divide raw sewage into a concentrated part retaining most organics and a filtered part with less pollutant remaining, so that energy recovery and water reuse, respectively, could be realized by post-treatment. A pilot-scale experiment was carried out to verify the feasibility of coagulant/adsorbent addition for membrane fouling control, which has been the main issue during this DSMF process. The results showed that continuous coagulant addition successfully slowed down the increase in filtration resistance, with the resistance maintained below 1.0 × 1013m~(-1) in the first 70 hr before a jump occurred. Furthermore,the adsorbent addition contributed to retarding the occurrence of the filtration resistance jump, achieving simultaneous fouling control and chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentration improvement. The final concentrated COD amounted to 7500 mg/L after 6 days of operation. 相似文献
829.
830.
水蕹菜对苏州重污染水体净化功能的研究 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
采用浮床无土栽培技术,在苏州重污染河道上种植水蕹菜以控制重污染水体水质。不仅进行了静态试验,而且在重污染河道苗家河上作了示范应用,效果显著。静态试验结果表明,在气温35℃、水温30℃以上的条件下,水蕹菜对苏州重污染水体中的CODMn、TN、NH4^+-N、TP等的去除率分别为37.0%、92.9%、93.9%、94.3%;苗家河示范工程水域中水质有明最改善,透明度达90~130cm。由此证明水蕹菜是对苏州熏污染河道净化处理的优良生物材料之一。 相似文献