消除烟道气中二氧化硫的活性炭催化剂——SO_2在催化剂上动态吸附研究

本文考察了流动态体系中,烟气主要组分(O_2和水蒸汽)的含量对SO_2在活性炭上吸附量的影响;研究了SO_2吸附动力学。结果表明,在一定空速和吸附温度下,烟气中O_2和水蒸汽含量分别为5％和8％(Ⅴ％)左右时,SO_2吸附量为最大。SO_2在活性炭上吸附动力学曲线很好地遵循Elovich方程;SO_2吸附活化能E_(?)~0为21.939×10~3J/mol以及Elovich参数,进而得出吸附活化能E_6,与吸附温度的关系。     

湘江谷地土壤中稀土元素含量及分布特征

用仪器中子活化法(INAA)测定了湘江谷地土壤(表层)中八个稀土元素(La,Ce,Nd,Sm,Eu,Tb,Yb和Lu),并对其分布特征作了初步探讨。结果表明,该地区土壤中稀土元素平均含量为197ppm,高于世界土壤含量(154ppm),同时也高于我国吐鲁番地区和松辽平原土壤的稀土元素含量;该地区土壤中稀土元素含量的变异系数较大,可达50—66％;该地区四种主要类型土壤中稀土元素含量分布规律为:水稻土>红壤>黄壤>紫色土;球粒陨石归一化后,呈斜率为负值的曲线,主要富集轻稀土元素。     

重庆地区云水的飞机观测

1989年10月3～13日,在重庆地区上空1500～4000m 进行了云水和污染气体的飞机观测。结果表明云水大都酸化并污染,亚硫酸根在硫氧酸根中占33.5％。     

Kinetics of selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH_3 on Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst

The catalyst of Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 has been found to be more active than Fe-ZSM-5 and Mo/ZSM-5 separately for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxide (NO) with NH_3.The kinetics of the SCR reaction in the presence of O_2 was studied in this work.The results showed that the observed reaction orders were 0.74-0.99,0.01-0.13,and 0 for NO,O_2 and NH_3 at 350-450℃,respectively. And the apparent activation energy of the SCR was 65 kJ/mol on the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst.The SCR mechanism was also deduced. Adsorbed NO species can react directly with adsorbed ammonia species on the active sites to form N_2 and H_2O.Gaseous O_2 might serve as a reoxidizing agent for the active sites that have undergone reduction in the SCR process.It is also important to note that a certain amount of NO was decomposed directly over the Fe-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst in the absence of NH_3.     

一种成矿溶液活化硫化矿物中成矿组分的理论模拟方法

以成矿组分活化地质理论、金属离子浓度综合平衡方程和硫化物离解平衡方程为基础 ,提出了成矿溶液活化硫化矿物中成矿组分的理论模拟方法。从定量分析的角度 ,为硫化矿物中成矿组分的活化及成矿作用研究中一些不易直接观察到的环节提供了新认识 ,探讨了这一方法的影响因素和精度问题     

Differential reproductive success among subfamilies in queenless honeybee (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Apis mellifera</Emphasis> L.) colonies

With very rare exceptions, queenright worker honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) forego personal reproduction and suppress reproduction by other workers, preferring to rear the queens sons. This is in stark contrast to colonies that have lost their queen and have failed to rear a replacement. Under these conditions workers activate their ovaries and lay many eggs that develop parthenogenetically into a final brood of males (drones) before the colony perishes. Interestingly, not all workers contribute equally to this final generation of drones in queenless colonies. Some subfamilies (workers that share the same father) contribute a disproportionately greater number of offspring than other subfamilies. Here we explore some of the mechanisms behind this reproductive competition among subfamilies. We determined the relative contribution of different subfamilies present in colonies to laying workers, eggs, larvae and pupae by genotyping samples of all life stages using a total of eight microsatellite loci. Our colonies were headed by free-mated queens and comprised 8–17 subfamilies and therefore differed significantly from colonies used in an earlier study investigating the same phenomena where colonies comprised an artificially low number of subfamilies. We show that, first, subfamilies vary in the speed with which they activate their ovaries after queen-loss and, second, that the survival of eggs to the larval stage is unequal among subfamilies suggesting that some subfamilies lay eggs that are more acceptable than others. However, there is no statistically significant difference among subfamilies in the survival of larvae to pupae, indicating that ovary activation and egg survival are the critical components to reproductive competition among subfamilies of queenless honeybee workers.Communicated by R. Page     

Ni(NO3)2对汕优13水稻幼苗中过氧化氢酶活性的影响

在水稻幼苗25叶期,分别用浓度为C10.01%、C20.03%和C30.04%(W/V)的Ni(NO3)2溶液(含0.05%Tween20)喷雾处理,以05%(W/V)Tween20作对照.在4 h、24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h分别测定叶片中的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性.结果表明,Ni(NO3)2对过氧化氢酶活性有抑制作用且随其浓度的升高,抑制作用越明显,在72 h抑制作用最强,过氧化氢酶活性比对照分别下降了21.7%、28.3%、55.8%.     

Two facets of conscientiousness and the knowledge sharing dilemmas in the workplace: Contrasting moderating functions of supervisor support and coworker support

This study adopts self‐ and other‐centered approaches to explain how the two facets of conscientiousness (i.e., dutifulness and achievement striving) distinctly resolve knowledge sharing dilemmas among employees. It also explores how the critical social surroundings of employees (i.e., supervisor support and coworker support) neutralize or activate the effects of dutifulness and achievement striving on knowledge‐sharing behavior. Our analysis of the data collected from 150 employee–supervisor dyads corroborates that the other‐centered facet of conscientiousness (dutifulness) is positively related to knowledge‐sharing behavior, whereas the self‐centered facet (achievement striving) is negatively related to the same behavior. The analysis also affirms that the positive effect of dutifulness and the negative effect of achievement striving on knowledge sharing are strengthened when supervisor support is low and coworker support is high. This study offers theoretical and practical implications relevant to knowledge management in organizations, distinct roles of facet‐specific personalities toward knowledge sharing, and contrasting personality–situation interactions by situation strength and trait activation in shaping employee behavior.     

PERCOLATE WATER AND BROMIDE MOVEMENT IN THE ROOT ZONE OF EFFLUENT IRRIGATION SITES1

ABSTRACT: A bromide tracer was used to evaluate percolate water and ion movement in the upper 1.2 m of soil at a proposed sewage effluent irrigation site located in the Missouri Ozarks. Two plots representing Doniphan silt loam and Crider silt loam soils were sprinkler irrigated with local ground water at a rate of 7.62 cm/week from June through August 1976. Soil water potential, percent soil moisture by volume, and background levels of bromide in soil water, ground water, and precipitation were measured at the study plots. Bromide exchange properties and saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soils were determined in the laboratory. During two selected time periods, irrigation water, was spiked with NaBr (5.0 mg/l Br). Bromide movement through the upper profile was quantified by soil water samples and post-sampling neutron activation analysis. Soil moisture was near saturatin in both soils when the Br tracer was applied. Bromide concentrations above background levels (0.023 mg/l Br, Doniphan silt loam and 0.016 mg/l Br, Crider silt loam) were detected within 2.60 hours at 0.9 m in the Doniphan soil and within 3.75 hours at that depth in the Crider soil. The rate of Br movement in the profile was greater in both soils than the measured saturated hydraulic conductivity, Bromide concentrations above background levels were present in soil water from the study plots for a minimum of 21 days after irrigation with the Br tracer.     

用于干式脱污的CaO蒸汽活化实验研究

利用小型活化转炉实验台对以CaO为主要成分的钙基脱污剂在300～650℃的温度范围内进行蒸汽活化处理,结合X射线衍射和压汞仪的分析结果,初步探讨了蒸汽活化的机理.研究表明,蒸汽活化温度在600℃以上时,脱污剂孔隙结构有显著的改善,比孔容积和比表面积有着显著的增加,微孔（＜100nm）的数量大量增加,而低温下蒸汽活化的效果不是十分明显;研究还发现高温下延长活化时间有利于改善脱污剂的孔隙结构.