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排序方式: 共有536条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
491.
上海市郊4种地表径流及稻田水中的污染物浓度 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
测定了水田、旱田、村、镇4种地表径流中的污染物浓度,以及稻田渗漏水和稻田水中的污染物浓度。测定的污染物种类主要有:总悬浮物,SS、总氮、总磷、CODcr,CODMn及微生物浓度等。测定结果表明,除稻田渗漏水以外,4种地表径流水中的污染物浓度均高于上海市郊环境地面水浓度,其中以村径流的污染物浓度最高,另外,施肥后的稻田水中氮浓度很高,施肥后的暴雨会导至严重氮污染。 相似文献
492.
氢化物发生—ICP/AES法测定地面水中的痕量砷 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用氢化物发生-ICP/AES法测定地面水中痕量砷,进行了分析线、正向入射功率的选择氢化物发生系统和气动雾化系统的性能比较等实验,砷的测定波长选用188.979nm,正向入射功率为850W。采用氢化物生系统进样,其灵敏度比气动雾化系统进样高75-110倍。方法的检测限为0.4μg/L;加标回收率为92.4%-104.6%;精密度实验的变异系数为1.8%-8.0%。 相似文献
493.
Surface waves and roughness in self-aerated supercritical flow 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
In high-velocity open channel flows, free-surface aeration is commonly observed. The effects of surface waves on the air–water
flow properties are tested herein. The study simulates the air–water flow past a fixed-location phase-detection probe by introducing
random fluctuations of the flow depth. The present model yields results that are close to experimental observations in terms
of void fraction, bubble count rate and bubble/droplet chord size distributions. The results show that the surface waves have
relatively little impact on the void fraction profiles, but that the bubble count rate profiles and the distributions of bubble
and chord sizes are affected by the presence of surface waves. 相似文献
494.
略论影响苏州河水质的若干因素 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
苏州河(上海段)的水质受到不列因素的影响;1.源水水质,2.支流泄水;3.船舶污染;4.工厂废水,5暴雨溢流;6.农村排水;7.居民废物;8.底泥污染。在对这些影响因素分析的基础上,提出了一些解决设想。 相似文献
495.
496.
Vanina Pasqualini Christine Pergent-Martini Gérard Pergent 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1998,4(1):59-66
The beds ofPosidonia oceanica, a marine vascular plant species endemic to the Mediterranean, form a major Mediterranean marine ecosystem. These beds are
well-developed along the sandy east coast of Corsica, where the continental shelf is wide and extends for ca. 100 km. The
upper limit of this ecosystem has been mapped by means of a computer image processing technique using 1/20 000 colour photographs.
One of the major problems for image processing in the marine environment is the impact of the water layer (of variable thickness
and quality), which can result in variations of the spectral signature for a particular vegetation or bottom type. In an attempt
to reduce the impact of this artefact, a processing technique that takes into account bathymetric factors has been tested.
Cartographical data obtained for an area extending from Bastia to Solenzara are presented. In the vicinity of the mouths of
coastal rivers, a systematic indentation of the upper limit of the seagrass beds has been revealed. On the basis of these
results, local variations in the quality of the marine environment can be detected, in particular with regard to salinity,
turbidity and/or the impact of sedimentation. The overall surface area of thePosidonia oceanica beds has also been calculated. 相似文献
497.
利用TM遥感影像数据,运用ENVI及GIS技术,提取典型喀斯特城区(白云区)2002~2013年的土地利用覆盖类型,并反演出地表温度,从而进一步分析探讨土地利用变化对地表温度的影响。贵阳市白云区是贵阳市重点工业区和新2型工业集中分布区,在2002~2013年土地利用变化明显,特别是城区建设用地增加显著,从35.11增加到71.81 km,并占用了大量耕地和灌疏林。白云区土地利用类型的变化引起地表温度的改变,尤其是建设用地的扩张对地表温度影响较大。对地表温度与NDVI关系进行分析,结果表明不同土地类型的地表温度与NDVI相关程度不同。 相似文献
498.
The thermal deactivation of diesel soot particles exerts a significant influence on the control strategy for the regeneration of diesel particulate filters (DPFs). This work focused on the changes in the surface functional groups, carbon chemical state, and graphitization degree during thermal treatment in an inert gas environment at intermediate temperatures of 600°C, 800°C, and 1000°C and explore the chemical species that were desorbed from the diesel soot surface during thermal treatment using a thermogravimetric analyser coupled with a gas-chromatograph mass spectrometer (TGA-GC/MS). The surface functional groups and carbon chemical state were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The graphitization degree was evaluated by means of Raman spectroscopy (RS). The concentrations of aliphatic C–H, C–OH, C=O, and O–C=O groups are reduced for diesel soot and carbon black when increasing the thermal treatment temperature, while the sp2/sp3 hybridized ratio and graphitization degree enhance. These results provide comprehensive evidence of the decreased reactivity of soot samples. Among oxygenated functional groups, the percentage reduction during thermal treatment is the largest for the O–C=O groups owing to its worst thermodynamic stability. TGA-GC/MS results show that the aliphatic and aromatic chains and oxygenated species would be desorbed from the soot surface during 1000°C thermal treatment of diesel soot. 相似文献
499.
Mirsaleh Mirmohammadi Javad Gholamnejad Vahidoddin Fattahpour Pejman Seyedsadri Yousef Ghorbani 《Journal of environmental management》2009
This paper depicts the method used to quantify the environmental impact of mining activities in surface mine projects. The affected environment was broken down into thirteen components, such as Human health and immunity, Surface water, Air quality, etc. The effect of twenty impacting factors from the mining and milling activities was then calculated for each Environmental Component. Environmental assessments are often performed by using matrix methods in which one dimension of the matrix is the “Impacting Factor” and the other one is the “Environmental Components”. For the presented matrix method, each Impacting Factor was first given a magnitude between −10 and 10. These factors are used to set up a matrix named Impacting Factor Matrix, whose elements represent the Impacting Factor values. The effects of each Impacting Factor on each Environmental Component were then quantified by multiplying the Impacting Factor Matrix by Weighting Factor Matrix. The elements of the weighting factors matrix reflect the effects of each Impacting Factor on each Environmental Component. The outlined method was originally developed for a mining and milling operation in Iran, but it can successfully be used for mining ventures and more general industrial activities in other countries in accordance to their environmental regulations and laws. 相似文献
500.
煤氧复合热效应的影响因素分析 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:14
煤的氧化放热是引起煤自燃的主要原因。煤氧复合热效应与耗氧速率和表面反应热有关。通过分析得出 ,q(z,n,CO2 ,T,d5 0 ) =h(Z) .g(n) .f (CO2 ) .I(T) .Ψ (d5 0 )。其中主要影响因素为煤结构、温度、氧浓度及粒度。根据威斯化学结构模型、本田化学结构模型及煤分子中包含的 7种表面活性结构 ,推出煤自燃表面分子结构模型 ,并分析其表面活性结构的种类、数量、活泼性 ,它们随煤体不同而千差万别 ;表面活性结构随温度变化的氧化活泼性及反应过程不同 ,造成煤表面氧化反应热 H不同。外在主要影响因素—煤的温度、氧浓度、粒度不同造成了耗氧速率 VO2 不同 ,使煤的放热强度不同。对此 ,通过 XK型煤自然发火实验台及 XKS程序升温实验台进行了实验分析 相似文献