环境影响评价与环境管理体系关系初探

分析环境影响评价和环境管理体系之间的差异性及内在相关性特征，提出在保护环境工作中将两者有机结合的重要意义，阐明了环境保护工作新的思路。     

Nutrient budgets: sustainability assessment of rainfed lowland rice-based systems in northeast Thailand

In northeast Thailand, the sustainability of rainfed lowland rice-based systems, the dominant land-use system (LUS) in the region, is a concern for the welfare of the population in this relatively poor region. Poor soil fertility and low inputs are seen as major causes of this lack of sustainability. In this context, the assessment of nutrient budgets is seen as a powerful tool for the assessment of critical components of the sustainability of this particular LUS. Biophysical, socioeconomic, and management-related data on the farming systems were collected for 30 farms in Ubon Ratchathani Province, northeast Thailand. A relational database system (RDBS) was developed to manage and analyze the data. The RDBS includes a calculation procedure for the semi-automatic generation of partial nutrient balances. Partial nutrient balances are good indicators for some critical components of sustainability, and important for decision support on soil fertility management when considered with the additional factors that are required for a full nutrient balance.For the rice-based systems of 30 farms, mean partial balances were 12 kg N ha⁻¹, 8 kg P ha⁻¹, and 7 kg K ha⁻¹ per year. Large variations in partial N, P, and K balances exist among different farms and, even more so, for different land utilization types (LUTs). The LUTs are distinct cropping system–management combinations that occur down to the subfield level. Many of the partial balances assessed were negative.Farmers manage nutrients for similar parcels of land in very different ways. This results in the observed large variation in partial nutrient balances, even for the same type of land use within the same farm. These results confirm the high inter-farm and intra-farm variability for partial balances of N, P, and K of several preliminary studies. Farmer interviews and field surveys revealed that different socioeconomic factors appear to be related with inter- and intra-farm variability in nutrient budgets. In addition, the socioeconomic component of the case study revealed that diversification of income sources, particularly off-farm employment, had a larger impact on household income than rice production. Furthermore, while many less well-off households had a greater reliance on rice production, many farms with high off-farm and non-rice farm income had a higher total production of rice.The nutrient balance approach, starting with partial nutrient balances, may become an important component of a dynamic and site-specific decision support tool (DST) for nutrient management, and a relational database of the form used in this study may become a key element.     

经济增长的生态环境代价及思考

以可持续发展理论为指导，分析了重庆市经济增长的生态环境代价，对目前的经济增长方式作了深刻反思、据测算、重庆市仅生态破坏、大气污染、水污染造成的经济损失就占全市ＧＤＰ的１６．１％。要改变不合理的发展方式，必须落实可持续发展的发展战略、转变经济增长方式，增加生态环境保护投入，加强资源与环境核算和环境法制工作。     

蒙山茶业发展中的生态环境问题与对策刍议

分析了蒙山茶业生态环境特征，指出目前传统茶区存在的弊病，提出在蒙山建立生态茶区的重要性及其具体措施。     

关于区域可持续发展的思考与实践

以特大城市中心城区——上海市徐汇区为对象,探讨了实施区域可持续发展的基础和途径,提出区域可持续发展要注重塑造特色品牌,以科技产业化、城市环境建设、社区管理等方面的优先项目为载体,加以切实推进。     

珠海生态示范区可持续发展分析

围绕《珠海生态示范区建设规划》概述生态示范区建设的指导思想，目的原则与目标，并从生态资源，经济发展两方面分析生态示范区建设是实现可持续发展的重要途径。     

“苏南模式”与可持续发展

“苏南模式”是我国目前经济发展模式之一，取得了巨大的成就，也面临着严峻的挑战。实施可持续发展战略是“苏南模式”摆脱传统再创辉煌的必然选择，可将苏南地区建成我国可持续发展示范区。     

区域可持续发展评价体系与方法研究

提出区域可持续发展的评价体系和评价方法。评价体系的建立应遵循空间跨度和时间距度相结合，乘法和区域分类的原则。区域发展的可持续性由社会经济的发展水平，资源环境的数量，质量状态及它们的协调度所决定。深圳和东莞可持续发展评价结果表明：深圳可持续性从１９８０年至１９９０年逐渐增强，但１９９１年开始下降；东莞可持续性从１９８０年以后逐渐增强。目前两市均处于弱可持续阶段。     

浅谈循环经济与可持续发展

循环经济是人类面对环境的制约为可持续发展而提出的，循环经济模式是新型工业化发展的最高形式。文章阐述了循环经济的内涵、技术经济特征及其在实现可持续发展中的作用。     

开发有机食品促进我省农业可持续发展

该文通过分析我省发展有机食品的有利及不利因素，提出保证我省有机食品健康发展的对策。