松潘—甘孜造山带中丹巴地区动热变质岩的地球化学特征研究

本文的研究对象为造山带中与构造运动关系密切的动热变质岩，主要从微量元素地球化学、稀土元素地球化学、p－t特征、流体包裹体特征、同位素年代学特征等方面讨论了松潘－甘孜造山带中丹巴地区动热变质岩的原岩、化学组成、变质作用演化过程以及主要变质热事件发生的时间。     

三峡库区燃煤,土壤和水库底泥中含汞量分布特征

详细研究了长江三峡库区燃煤，土壤和沉积物中汞的分布特征，以及湖泊沉积物中不同形态汞的含量，探讨了水库汞污染加重原因。     

热带滨海景观设施的腐蚀特征及其影响因素简析

目的 研究热带滨海地区景观设施的腐蚀特征及影响因素.方法 通过宏观调查和微区检查的方法,对比分析湛江、珠海和深圳3个典型的热带滨海城市景观设施腐蚀状况的差异,总结热带滨海景观设施的腐蚀特征.结果 缝隙腐蚀和焊缝腐蚀是热带滨海景观设施发生频次最高的腐蚀类型,其中出现缝隙腐蚀的频次平均为66.6％,出现焊缝腐蚀的频次平均为53.2％.随着离海岸距离的增大,景观设施腐蚀程度减小,其中景观设施在200 m发生大面积腐蚀的程度比100 m平均减轻22.1％.景观设施向海面发生严重腐蚀的比例比背海面高,其中景观设施向海面在100 m发生腐蚀比背海面严重,比200 m平均增高10.4％.结论 热带滨海地区景观设施的腐蚀差异与设施离海距离、设施朝向以及热带海洋大气环境要素(相对湿度和大气污染物浓度)密切相关.     

宁蒗地区铜厂河铜矿控矿条件与热液成矿模式探讨

宁蒗地区铜厂河铜矿系喜山期隐伏斑岩体外接触带玄武岩系热液型铜矿床 ,其主要含矿、赋矿层位为上二叠统玄武岩组 (P2 β)与黑泥哨组 (P2h)玄武岩系 ,主干控矿构造为南北向断裂体系。矿区NWW向F1断裂为阻矿构造 ,铜矿化均产于其下盘 (南盘 ) ;NE向F2 、F3 断裂将本区分成三个不同矿化特征的矿段。通过对矿区铜矿的碳、氧、硫等稳定同位素和包裹体分析及成矿热液演化特征探讨 ,建立了铜厂河铜矿热液成矿模式     

Landscape planning and ecology construction of wetland comprehensive protected area system in the Sanjiang Plain

Wetland is one of the richest biodiversity areas in the earth. The main purpose of establishing wetland protected area is to protect biodiversity, and the protection of ecosystem diversity and landscape diversity is the key to protect biodiversity. In order to protect regional ecosystem and landscape, it is a good way to establish wetland comprehensive protected area which connected wetland nature reserves by habitat corridors. The Sanjiang Plain as a study area, its landscape evaluation index system on wetland protected area was studied, and some problems on landscape planning and ecology construction were further approached in this paper. It showed that establishing wetland comprehensive protected area is very important to protect regional wetlands, to maintain ecological balance,and to improve the sustainable development of agriculture and industry in this region.     

黄河三门峡库区段水污染物排放总量控制研究

根据黄河水资源保护规划的要求，对黄河三门峡库区段水污染物允许排污总量进行计算，在此基础上采用黑箱模型，建立了区域排污与控制河段目标总量之间的输入响应关系，并根据允许入黄量确定对各污染源的排污控制要求，为实施区域环境总量控制奠定基础。     

南水北调中线水源区浮游植物与水质研究

2003~2005年对南水北调中线水源区水体浮游植物的调查结果表明,该水域共有浮游植物96种及变种,隶属于8门63属,其中种类最多的藻类植物依次是硅藻、绿藻和蓝藻.藻类的细胞密度表现出夏季最高、冬季最低的明显季节变化.运用Margalef和Menkinick多样性指数对该水域的水质进行评价,结果显示,水体为寡污型,基本处于中营养状态.图3表3参14     

我国自然保护区有效管理评价指标研究

本文根据我国自然保护区建设速度较快但管理水平较低的现状，在多年调查研究的基础上，提出制定自然保护区有效管理评价标准的必要性，并详细阐述了在保护区管理条件、管理措施、科研基础和管理成效等四个方面的评价内容，提出１３项评价指标，进而作了详细的评分等级划分，提出一套评价全国自然保护区管理质量的指标体系，为全国自然保护区管理的监督检查提供了一套简便适用、易于操作的评判标准。     

Relationship between filtration activity and food availability in the Mediterranean mussel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Mytilus galloprovincialis</Emphasis>

The filtration activity of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, was assessed under different concentrations and compositions of seston by using a new automated image acquisition and analysis system. This approach allowed for frequent and simultaneous measurements of valve gape and exhalant siphon area. Filtration rates were measured through clearance measurements whereas pumping rates were measured using hot-film probes. The average filtration rate (17.5 l g h⁻¹ DW⁻¹ for a 0.36 g DW mussel) recorded during the present study was higher than those available for Mytilus edulis when standardized to flesh dry weight but almost equivalent (17.5 l h⁻¹ g DW⁻¹ for a 53 mm shell length mussel) to those rates when standardized to shell length. Immediately after the addition of algal cells (Isochrysis galbana; 4.5 μm in size), valve gape, exhalant siphon area and filtration rate increased quickly as mussels reached their maximum filtration activity. These three parameters then gradually decreased until complete closure of the shell. The algal cell concentration inducing this transition was close to 800 cells ml⁻¹ and 0.5 μg Chl a l⁻¹. When algal concentration was maintained above this threshold by successive algal additions, both valve gape and exhalant siphon area remained maximal. Temporal changes in the exhalant siphon area were continuous as opposed to those of valve gape. Therefore, despite the significant correlation between these two parameters, valves and siphon were sometimes dissociated due to a reduction of the area or even a closure of the exhalant siphon while the valves remained open. The velocity of exhaled water tended to be constant irrespective of exhalant siphon area and thus pumping rates were a linear function of exhalant siphon area. Consequently, reductions in exhalant siphon area and pumping rate were almost similar in M. galloprovincialis. Our results thus clearly support the hypothesis that exhalant siphon area constitutes a better proxy of pumping rate than valve gape as already suggested for Mytilus edulis. Finally, the high filtration rates measured during the present study together with the high concentrations of inorganic matter (> 40 mg DW l⁻¹) requested to alter those rates suggest that the studied mussels were well adapted to oligotrophic waters featuring strong hydrodynamism and frequent sediment resuspension events.     

贵州喀斯特山区植物营养元素含量特征

贵州喀斯特山区是我国乃至世界喀斯特分布面积最大的片区之一,由于其生态系统的脆弱性,加之人类活动的干扰,使得该区的植被退化较为严重。文章选择该区的12种主要植物作为研究对象,对其营养元素进行了研究。结果表明:>1000μg·g-1的元素有N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S,100～1000μg·g-1的元素有Fe、Mn、Al,10～100μg·g-1的元素有Zn、Sr,<10μg·g-1的元素为Cu、Mo,其中Mo含量最低,仅为0.17μg·g-1。这些元素中,Ca、P、K元素高于所报道的陆生植物的含量范围。元素含量特点是Ca>K>Mg型。N、P、K、Mg元素的频数分布为正态分布,Ca、Al、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Sr、S元素为对数正态分布。变异系数大于100%的元素有Al、Fe、Mn、Sr,变异系数小于60%的元素有N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Cu,其中Ca的变异系数最小,仅为11.8%。不同生境下相同植物的营养元素含量有较大的差异,石灰土上植物的N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Al、Cu、Mo元素含量要高于黄壤上植物的。元素间的相关分析表明:P和K、P和Cu、Al和Fe、Al和Zn、Fe和Zn元素具有显著相关关系;N和P、P和Mg、K和Al、K和Cu、Ca和Sr、S和Mo元素具有一般相关关系。