Recent advances in activity inhibition,recovery and enhancement,and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process北大核心CSCD

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) is a biological process that has the advantages of saving energy and being highly efficient. However, there are some problems with it such as slow proliferation and activity inhibition of Anammox bacteria in practical applications. First, we introduce the inhibitory effects of Anammox by substrate and non-substrate materials, including nitrite, organic and inorganic substances, and others, and elaborated on activity recovery approaches such as controlling the operation parameters and adding sludge. The effects of the addition of inorganic carbon, Anammox intermediates, Fe, and conductive materials on Anammox are then reviewed in detail, and three Anammox metabolic pathways are summarized. Finally, we discuss the problems (including NOB inhibition and low temperature) and countermeasures when Anammox is applied for wastewater treatment as a mainstream technology, and we summarized the measures of NOB washout by free ammonia and free nitrite solutions and methods to cope with low temperatures, including selecting suitable reactor types and culture methods. Meanwhile, we analyzed the interactions among the intermediates and the synergy between Anammox and denitrification and suggest the potential of applying Anammox for flue gas denitrification and anaerobic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. Further studies are suggested regarding multifactor composite inhibition, Anammox physiological characteristics, and intermediate metabolic mechanisms as well as regarding methods for avoiding adverse factors in mainstream wastewater treatment. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.