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冯昕 《安全.健康和环境》2020,(5):52-57
结合石油库的特点,建立了以人员因素、设备设施管理、储存介质状态、环境因素及管理因素等5项一级指标、20项二级指标的安全管理绩效评价体系;为克服安全管理绩效评价的主观随意性,采用“熵权+TOPSIS”法构建了评价模型,以10家石油库企业所采集的信息为算例,对石油库安全管理绩效评价进行了实例研究,结果表明“熵权+TOPSIS”法评价模型有效改善了评价结果的客观性和可靠度,可帮助石油库企业及时发现安全管理短板,明确改进方向,提升安全管理绩效水平。 相似文献
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Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are under pressure to adopt sustainable practices in their business due to increasing environmental challenges. This study aims to identify and prioritize the solutions to overcome the barriers in the implementation of ecodesign practices in SMEs. This study helps the companies to develop and implement the strategies on priority using higher ranked solutions. In this study, a framework is proposed that is based on fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution to rank the solutions that overcome the barriers in ecodesign implementation in SMEs. The proposed framework is illustrated by conducting a case study of an Indian ring and piston manufacturing company. This framework provides an effective support in the decision-making of the company for producing eco-friendly products through the implementation of ecodesign practices. Results of this study emphasize that training of designers to use different ecodesign tools is an essential practice for SMEs. 相似文献
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西部河谷型城市生态安全及障碍因子诊断对协调西部地区城市生态环境保护与社会经济产业持续发展具有重要意义。基于PSR模型集成改进TOPSIS和障碍度诊断模型,选取2005-2015年西部地区20个典型河谷型城市为评价单元,对生态安全系统时空演化规律及障碍因子进行实证分析。结果表明:1)西部河谷型城市生态安全水平整体呈上升趋势,但总体处于临界安全级(Ⅲ)水平;2)生态安全呈西高东低、北高南低的空间格局特征,生态安全空间差异性明显,但随着时间推移,各城市生态安全差异有缩小趋势,生态安全水平下降的城市数量在减少,生态安全水平上升的城市数量在增加;3)准则层中用地状态和经济响应是制约生态安全的主要障碍因子,指标层中环保投入占财政支出比重、人均公园绿地面积、人均水资源占有量、人均耕地面积、人均城市道路面积、科技投入占财政支出比重、城镇化水平7项因子成为主要的障碍因子。因城市规模不同,西部河谷型城市生态安全主要障碍因子变化特征不一。 相似文献
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《Journal of Manufacturing Processes》2014,16(4):451-467
The attractive combination of high mechanical strength, good corrosion resistance and relatively low cost has contributed to making duplex stainless steels (DSSs) one of the fastest growing groups of stainless steels. As the importance of DSSs is increasing, practical information about their successful machining is expected to be crucial. To address this industrial need, standard EN 1.4462 and super EN 1.4410 DSSs are machined under constant cutting speed multi-pass facing operations. A systematic approach which employs different modeling and optimization tools under a three phase investigation scheme has been adopted. In phase I, the effect of design variables such as cutting parameters, cutting fluids and axial length of cuts are investigated using the D-Optimal method. The mathematical models for performance characteristics such as; percentage increase in radial cutting force (%Fr), effective cutting power (Pe), maximum tool flank wear (VBmax) and chip volume ratio (R) are developed using response surface methodology (RSM). The adequacy of derived models for each cutting scenario is checked using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Parametric meta-heuristic optimization using Cuckoo search (CS) algorithm is then performed to determine the optimum design variable set for each performance. In the phase II, comprehensive experiment-based production cost and production rate models are developed. To overcome the conflict between the desire of minimizing the production cost and maximizing the production rate, compromise solutions are suggested using Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The alternatives are ranked according to their relative closeness to the ideal solution. In the phase III, expert systems based on fuzzy rule modeling approach are adopted to derive measures of machining operational sustainability called operational sustainability index (OSI). Artificial neural network (ANN) based models are developed to study the effect of design variables on computed OSIs. Cuckoo search neural network systems (CSNNS) are finally utilized to constrainedly optimize the cutting process per each cutting scenario. The most appropriate cutting setup to ensure successful turning of standard EN 1.4462 and super EN 1.4410 for each scenario is selected in accordance with conditions which give the maximum OSI. 相似文献
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为能够评估出企业安全文化建设水平,以系统论、安全管理、现代信息技术等多学科理论为基础,深入挖掘安全文化体系要素,分析各要素理解要点及实施要点,探讨企业安全文化体系评估程序和内容,提出基于熵权-TOPSIS 深度分析模型的定性和定量相结合方法对安全文化结果进行深度分析;在“互联网+”背景下充分利用现代信息技术发展的最新成果,针对企业安全文化评估要点,设计企业安全文化评估系统。结果表明:该评估体系可为实现企业安全文化评估的信息化、数据化和可视化提供解决方案。 相似文献
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借助绩效评价理论探索分析了循环经济发展评价的指标和方法,并尝试运用多目标决策方法中的嫡值法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)开展研究试点。通过对苏州市1997~2008年间的循环经济发展绩效进行综合评价,结果表明,10年来苏州市循环经济绩效水平呈U型发展趋势,近年来发展势头良好,但未来在提高低能耗第三产业比例、降低纺织业综合能耗、提高工业电力利用率等方面需要采取更有力的措施;苏州市循环经济发展绩效评价指标体系能够较好地反映该市循环经济发展状况,对于苏南同类城市有一定的借鉴意义;TOPSIS方法较好地避免了主观因素在综合分析过程中的影响,但无法就各评价因子对结果的影响程度、影响途径等进行更深层次的分析,需注意与其他方法相结合。 相似文献
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为了评估道路危险货物运输企业安全性水平,降低危险货物运输风险概率,围绕道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价的重要性,提出一种适用于模糊不确定环境的道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价方法。首先,从人-机-组织综合角度建立道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价指标体系;其次,组合运用模糊决策理论、群体决策和TOPSIS方法提出道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价方法框架;最后以南京市5家道路危险货物运输企业的安全性评价为例进行方法验证。 相似文献