Effect of temperature switchover on the degradation of antibiotic chloramphenicol by biocathode bioelectrochemical system

Exposure to chloramphenicol(CAP),a chlorinated nitroaromatic antibiotic,can induce CAP-resistant bacteria/genes in diverse environments. A biocathode bioelectrochemical system(BES) was applied to reduce CAP under switched operational temperatures.When switching from 25 to 10°C,the CAP reduction rate(kCAP) and the maximum amount of the dechlorinated reduced amine product(AMCl,with no antibacterial activity) by the biocathode communities were both markedly decreased. The acetate and ethanol yield from cathodophilic microbial glucose fermentation(with release of electrons) was also reduced. Formation of the product AMCl was enhanced by the biocathode dechloridation reaction compared with that produced from pure electrochemical or microbial dechloridation processes. The electrochemical and morphological analyses of cathode biofilms demonstrated that some cathodophilic microbes could adapt to low temperature and play a key role in CAP degradation. The resilient biocathode BES has a potential for the treatment of CAP-containing wastewater in temperature fluctuating environments.     

流速与温度的交互作用对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响

试验通过室内模拟,研究了流速与温度对太湖水中铜绿微囊藻生长的影响。试验结果表明：在光照度为3300lx、光暗比为10h：14h、氮磷浓度满足藻类生长需求的条件下。流速、温度对藻类生长的均有一定的影响,但流速的影响作用更为显著。因此,治理湖泊水体富营养化可从改变湖泊水流流态方面着手。     

红壤对铬(VI)吸附特性的研究

通过云南三类红壤对Ｃｒ（ＶＩ）吸附行为的研究。结果表明，红壤对Ｃｒ（ＶＩ）有明显的吸附作用，等温吸附曲线可以用Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ方程、Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ方程和Ｔｅｍｋｉｎ方程描述。最大吸附量为红壤＞赤红壤＞砖红壤。酸度、温度和有机质对红壤吸附Ｃｒ（ＶＩ）均有影响。低ｐＨ值时吸附量随ｐＨ值升高略有增加，ｐＨ值超过某一限度，吸附量急剧下降，直至基本不吸附；温度低于４０℃时，吸附量随温度升高而减少，但温度高于４０℃时，吸附量不再减少；随有机质加入量的增加，吸附量减少，其相关性红壤和赤红壤达显著水准，砖红壤达极显著水准。     

Simulation of three-stage operating temperature for supersaturation water-based condensational growth tube

In order to realize accurate dynamic control of supersaturation and to study condensation growth characteristics of nanoparticles through different levels of super saturation,a series of parametric analyses and systematic comparisons between two-stage and three-stage operating temperature designs were simulated with COMSOL Multiphysics.The simulation results showed that the three-stage operating temperature did not change peak supersaturation compared with two operating temperatures,and the three-stage operating temperature was superior in decreasing the amount of water vapor and the temperature,thus lowering particle loss and variation in detection and collection.The peak supersaturation level increased by 0.3 as the flow rate increased from 0.6 to 2.0 L/min,but the supersaturation peak moved from 0.0027 z0 to 0.08 z0(i.e.,the growth time and the final size decreased by 40%).Peak supersaturation increased as the temperature difference increased or the temperature difference window was shifting left,and minimum activation size decreased.Shifting the 70℃temperature difference window from 9℃,79℃-1℃,71℃for the condenser and initiator temperatures resulted in peak supersaturation in the centerline being above 5.8,and the activation size changed as low as 1 nm.Experiments with flow rates varying by a factor of 2.5(from 0.6 to 1.5 L/min) resulted in a final size decrease of 43%(from 3.2 to 1.8 μm),and experimental results of outlet particle size distributions were equivalent with theoretical analysis as the operating temperature was changed.     

活性污泥耗氧速率的测定及其影响因素试验分析

本文首先介绍了活性污泥净化能力判别指标——耗氧速率的原电池氧测定法,继而通过试验研究了一些相关的影响因素同比耗氧速率的关系,最后分析说明了比耗氧速率在监控活性污泥系统运行中所起的作用。     

UASB反应器中加入膨润土和聚丙烯酰胺培养颗粒污泥

使用一个反应体积２５５Ｌ的ＵＡＳＢ反应器，处理啤酒生产废水．向接种厌氧污泥中加入膨润土和非离子型聚丙烯酰胺，采用室温下间歇式进料，４周内形成稳定颗粒污泥床．ＣＯＤ负荷６ｋｇ／ｍ３·ｄ，ＣＯＤ去除率为９０％．     

分布式光纤测温技术在隧道火灾和渗漏探测中的应用

隧道火灾和渗漏一直是隧道安全和健康的重要问题。基于分布式光纤测温系统(DTS)具有能实现在线实时监测且实测温度随光纤沿程分布这一技术特点和优势,将单根分布式光纤应用于隧道火灾的预警预报、火灾定位、隧道渗漏定位,属国内首创。本文介绍了DTS测温原理和实测成果。实测情况表明,DTS系统测温精确,抗干扰性强,特别适合隧道火灾预警预报和渗漏探测,具有良好的应用前景。     

温升包络线在核电站温排水监测中的应用

采用核电站温排水遥感监测影像叠加合并方法提取温升包络线,监测核电站附近海域海表温升数据,确定核电温排水的影响范围,对海面温升面积进行计算,判断核电站温排水是否符合我国相关海洋空间管理标准。以某核电站实例表明,通过遥感监测获得的温升包络线在核电站温排水监测中具有应用价值。     

基于在线自动监测的钦州湾海域水质参数周年时空变化特征

通过分析位于钦州湾的2个海水水质自动监测站2009-2010年的自动监测数据,发现钦州湾水温、盐度、溶解氧季节变化明显,海水表层水温变化是引起钦州湾溶解氧含量变动的主要原因;钦州湾海水表层盐度及pH值主要受钦江、茅岭江径流及潮汐涨落的影响;处于河口区域,受大陆径流影响显著的海域使用海水水质标准来评价有欠妥当。     

污水污泥低温热解实验研究

研究不同热解最终温度下污水污泥热解产物的产率及特性。结果表明,随着温度的升高,固体产物产率下降,且C／H增加;气体产率随着温度的升高而增加;液体产物产率随着热解温度的升高而增加,440℃时达到最大30．5％;热解温度进一步升高,液体产率略有不太明显的下降;液体油品具有较高的热值,它们作为潜在的能源是不可忽视的。