新疆天山天池风景名胜区天池景区景观相融性评价

新疆天山天池风景名胜区是国家重点风景名胜区之一,天池景区是天山天地风景名胜区的精华景区和主要游览区。本文运用“山岳风景资源开发环境影响评价指标体系”,对景区内现有建筑和详细规划的拟建项目的景观相融性进行了评价,结果表明：天池景区现有景观的景观相融性普遍较低,规划中拟建景观的景观相融性仍不够高。要保护天地景区的峻峭山体、秀丽湖水等自然景观,必须对已建或拟建项目做进一步规划调整,对不协调的项目应予以整修或拆除。     

西藏高原草地生态系统及其生态修复研究

文章在查阅相关文献的基础上,开展实地考察、咨询专家学者和有关管理部门,对西藏高原草地研究进行梳理归纳形成了4个时段;同时评析了不同调查结果的西藏草地面积,认为第二次西藏草原普查的8 820.15×104hm2比较符合现状;对西藏高原草地生态系统目前面临的最大问题—草地退化进行了探究,截至2012年,西藏天然草地退化面积...     

基于MCLP-BACOP模型的城市消防站选址研究

为提高消防站规划选址的科学性,合理调度有限的消防应急资源,提升消防应急响应效率,以湖北省某城市中心城区为研究对象,在火灾风险评估基础上,对消防站选址模型进行优化研究,构建了MCLP-BACOP结合覆盖模型并借助ArcGIS软件对模型进行优化求解。研究结果表明：通过MCLP-BACOP结合覆盖模型计算得到的中心城区消防站选址方案在对覆盖率影响较小的情况下,可以减少消防站数量并降低成本,同时能保证高风险区重复覆盖。该模型对于火灾风险较大的城区适用性强,在考虑经济因素及现实条件下,可有效提升城区消防响应效率。     

青藏高原东部土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源解析

分析了青藏高原东部5个地区10个采样点表层土壤的PAHs含量特征和污染水平.结果表明,该地区土壤的多环芳烃总量为0.83～14.41 ng/g,其中菲的含量最高,同我国其他地区相比,其污染水平较低.曲水县6个采样点PAHs含量分布表明,除国道边1个采样点由于处于主导风向下风向而受到机动车尾气影响外,其他5个点均具有相似的面源污染即地质成因来源.结合分析拉萨、曲水、巴青、昌都和格尔木5个地区PAHs含量分布特征,发现高原东部昆仑山脉以西的大部分地区（拉萨、曲水、巴青和昌都）土壤中的PAHs有相同的地质成因来源.由于土壤性质、昆仑山脉天然的地理障碍等原因,格尔木戈壁土壤的PAHs来源则主要受到燃烧源的影响.     

高效吸附剂(RCA)在处理焦化废水BaP中的应用

本文研究了高效吸附剂（RCA）和絮凝剂联合使用处理焦化废水,摸索出处理焦化废水中3,4苯并（a）芘（BaP）的最佳pH值、时间、温度、吸附剂和絮凝剂的用量。     

公众参与在环境影响评价中的应用

目前,公众参与不但是环评工作的一个重要内容,而且对实施可持续发展战略起到重要作用。环境影响评价中的公众参与部分包括:公众享有环境知情权和参与决策权;合适的公众参与的主体范围;明确的公众参与环评的程序和方法;公众参与环评的保障机制。     

Quantification of land use/land cover changes in Pearl River Delta and its impact on regional climate in summer using numerical modeling

This study quantified land use/land cover (LULC) changes in Pearl River Delta (PRD) of South China and its impact on regional climate over the last two decades. The LULC change analyses were accomplished by applying a change detection method to a set of Landsat imagery and ancillary data acquired from 1970s to 2000. The results indicate that the urban expansion is the prevailing LULC change in the PRD. Impact of LULC change on regional climate was simulated by using a mesoscale climate model. Two different land cover datasets circa 1990 and 2000 were input to the model to investigate the impact of urbanization on regional weather and climate condition in summer 2005. The simulation results show that rapid urban expansion can substantially alter regional climate conditions in the PRD region including monthly mean temperature, precipitation, moisture, and surface heat fluxes.     

Genotoxicity of water from the Songhua River, China, in 1994-1995 and 2002-2003: Potential risks for human health

A previous study showed that the cancer mortalities are higher for residents who lived nearby the Songhua River heavily polluted by organic contamination. It is important to determine its risk of carcinogenic potential. Short-term genotoxic bio-assays using Salmonella, Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE), and Micronuclei (MN) assays were employed to examine the genotoxic activity of ether extracts of water samples taken from the Songhua River. The results of the Salmonella bioassay indicated that there were indirect frame-shift mutagens in the water samples. A dose-response relationship for the SCE and MN assays was obtained. These results showed that organic extracts of water samples have genotoxic activity and the risk of carcinogenic potential to human health. The mutagenesis of water samples had changed compared to the results in 1994-1995. An increasing trend of risk of carcinogenic potential in the Songhua River after ten years should be noted and needs to be studied further.     

Assessing the relationship between global warming and mortality: lag effects of temperature fluctuations by age and mortality categories

Although interests in assessing the relationship between temperature and mortality have arisen due to climate change, relatively few data are available on lag structure of temperature-mortality relationship, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. This study identified the lag effects of mean temperature on mortality among age groups and death categories using polynomial distributed lag models in Brisbane, Australia, a subtropical city, 1996-2004. For a 1 °C increase above the threshold, the highest percent increase in mortality on the current day occurred among people over 85 years (7.2% (95% CI: 4.3%, 10.2%)). The effect estimates among cardiovascular deaths were higher than those among all-cause mortality. For a 1 °C decrease below the threshold, the percent increases in mortality at 21 lag days were 3.9% (95% CI: 1.9%, 6.0%) and 3.4% (95% CI: 0.9%, 6.0%) for people aged over 85 years and with cardiovascular diseases, respectively. These findings may have implications for developing intervention strategies to reduce and prevent temperature-related mortality.