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91.
I. Ben TaloubaL. Balland N. Mouhab M.A. Abdelghani-Idrissi 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2011,24(4):391-396
The thermal stability of organic peroxides (cumene hydroperoxide 80 wt% and dicumyl peroxide) was studied by means of calorimetric measurement (DSC, TA Q1000) in an isotherm mode and a dynamic mode. Analysis of power profiles released in the isothermal mode was combined with the analysis of the decomposed compounds by a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) to determine the reaction mechanisms corresponding to each of the two reactions. In this work, a methodology for estimating kinetic parameters was based on the comparison of the power profile (dynamic mode) given by the model to that obtained experimentally by changing the parameters values. Parameter estimation is achieved using the mixed estimation method where a genetic algorithm is combined with a locally convergent method. 相似文献
92.
In India coal combustion is the single largest source of emission of mercury which is a wide-spread persistent global toxicant, travelling across international borders through air and water. As a party to the Minamata convention, India aims to monitor and reduce Hg emissions and stricter norms are introduced for mercury emissions from power plants (30 μg/Nm3for flue gas in stack).This paper presents the results obtained during the experimental studies performed on mercury emissions at four coal-fired and one lignite-fired power plants in India. The mercury concentration in the feed coal varied between 0.12–0.27 mg/Kg. In the mercury mass balance, significant proportion of feed coal mercury has been found to be associated with fly ash, whereas bottom ash contained very low mercury. 80%–90% of mercury was released to air through stack gas. However, for circulating fluidised bed boiler burning lignite, about 64.8% of feed mercury was found to get captured in the fly ash and only 32.4% was released to air. The mercury emission factor was found to lie in the range of 4.7–15.7 mg/GJ. 相似文献
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Techno-economic evaluation of ultrasound and thermal pretreatments for enhanced anaerobic digestion of municipal waste activated sludge 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To enhance the anaerobic digestion of municipal waste-activated sludge (WAS), ultrasound, thermal, and ultrasound + thermal (combined) pretreatments were conducted using three ultrasound specific energy inputs (1000, 5000, and 10,000 kJ/kg TSS) and three thermal pretreatment temperatures (50, 70 and 90 °C). Prior to anaerobic digestion, combined pretreatments significantly improved volatile suspended solid (VSS) reduction by 29-38%. The largest increase in methane production (30%) was observed after 30 min of 90 °C pretreatment followed by 10,000 kJ/kg TSS ultrasound pretreatment. Combined pretreatments improved the dimethyl sulfide (DMS) removal efficiency by 42-72% but did not show any further improvement in hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal when compared with ultrasound and thermal pretreatments alone. Economic analysis showed that combined pretreatments with 1000 kJ/kg TSS specific energy and differing thermal pretreatments (50-90 °C) can reduce operating costs by $44-66/ton dry solid when compared to conventional anaerobic digestion without pretreatments. 相似文献
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某火电厂亚临界锅炉墙式再热器蒸汽出口至屏式再热器联络管母管及排空气管接管座产生裂纹发生渗漏。通过对墙式再热器出口管道排空气管接管座裂纹特征、结构型式、管道现场布置情况、运行环境等方面进行综合分析,认为排空气管道安装布置不合理,无保温措施,导致冷凝水倒流,形成热疲劳裂纹并逐步延伸扩展。确认产生裂纹的原因后,优化管道安装布置、对接管座结构型式做出改进并对产生裂纹的管道进行了更换,改进后锅炉运行约1.8× 104 h后复检无缺陷。 相似文献
98.
Decomposition mass loss and pyrolysis products analyses of particles sampled at various locations along the tailpipe of a Euro-IV diesel engine were performed using a thermogravimetry in conjunction with Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry-mass spectrum. Diesel particles were collected at the same location with and without diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) mounted on the test engine separately. The three poles in thermal gravity-differential thermal gravity images suggested that the decomposition process of diesel particles could be divided into three stages which correspond to the decompositions of lower boiling substances, higher boiling substances and soot respectively. It is noticed that no matter whether DOC was mounted or not, the further the particles were sampled away from the engine block, the lower the peak temperatures and the heavier the mass losses within the first two stages, which indicated that the soluble organic fraction in the particle samples increased and therefore lowering the activation energy of thermal decomposition. Hydroxyl, ammonia, CxHy fragments, benzene, toluene, and phenol were found to be the primary products of particle decomposition, which didn't change with the location of particle sample point. The employment of DOC increased the activation energy for particle oxidation and resulted in a higher peak temperature and lower mass loss within the first-stage. Moreover, the CO stretching bands of aldehyde and ketone at 1771 cm?1 was only detected without a DOC, while the NO2 peak at 1634 cm?1 was solely noticed with the presence of DOC. Compared to the first-stage pyrolysis products, more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and less CxHy fragments were seen in the second-stage. 相似文献
99.
酒石酸淋洗过程中土壤重金属解吸动力学特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用批处理淋洗的方法,研究了酒石酸淋洗修复张士污灌区土壤过程中镉、铅、铜、锌4种重金属离子解吸动力学特征。结果表明,酒石酸在12h条件下,达到对污染土壤中镉离子的最大去除率,铅、铜、锌3种重金属离子达到最大去除率则需要24h。4种重金属离子的解吸动力学过程可以用Elovich方程很好的描述,说明酒石酸去除重金属离子的过程是一种非均相扩散过程。此外,解吸速率曲线显示,反应初期相同时刻上酒石酸对铅离子的解吸速率最快,其次是铜和锌,最后是镉离子;反应后期同一时刻上铜和锌的解吸速率大于铅和镉。 相似文献
100.
废FCC催化剂对水中铅离子的连续吸附及脱附 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过测定吸附等温线,考察了Pb2+在废FCC(流化催化裂化)催化剂上的吸附性能及规律,结果表明,Pb2+在废FCC催化剂上的吸附规律可用Langmuir和Frundlich模式描述,吸附呈单分子层形式且容易进行。又通过填充床吸附试验,对Pb2+的连续吸附及脱附情形作了考察。结果表明,在温度为15℃、pH为5.13、过柱速率为3.0mL/min、径高比为2.25.0条件下,吸附柱具备适宜的生产周期,连续吸附操作可行,柱效率可达75.9%;在温度为15℃、采用2mol/L稀盐酸作脱附剂,过柱速率为5.0mL/min的条件下,吸附剂易于脱附再生,脱附效率可达78.1% 相似文献