A dynamic conceptualization of power for sustainability research

This paper takes up the challenge of providing a conceptual power framework to be used in the context of sustainability research. First, challenges of sustainability research are discussed by focusing specifically on recent insights from Integrated Sustainability Assessment (ISA), and on that basis some requirements for concepts to be used in sustainability research are postulated. It is argued that two of the most important aspects of sustainability assessment research are the long-term dynamics of change and an interdisciplinary paradigm. Second, a dynamic power framework is presented that was developed in the context of research on socio-technical sustainability transitions, including the basics of this power framework as well as some empirical illustrations. Third, it is discussed how the presented power framework deals with time, change and long-term dynamics, and how this contributes to the state-of-the-art. Fourth, it is indicated how the power framework integrates interdisciplinary and ‘interparadigmaticatic’ research requirements, and how this contributes to the state-of-the art. In conclusion, the arguments are summarized and some challenges for future research are distilled.     

中空玻璃受热破裂行为规律研究

研究了单层玻璃厚度为6mm,两块玻璃间距为6mm的中空玻璃的受热响应规律,分析了向火面和背火面玻璃板的表面温度、玻璃板向火面中心点处的热通量、两块玻璃的破裂时间、裂纹形态以及玻璃脱落情况等。定义玻璃边长区域范围为[-0.5L,0.5L],则玻璃首次起裂点均位于被遮蔽边上,且在[-0.25L,0.25L]的范围内。进一步研究了遮蔽方式对中空玻璃破裂行为的影响,在本实验条件下,四边遮蔽的向火面玻璃最易破裂,且左右垂直遮蔽比上下水平遮蔽情况下脱落程度严重。     

Succinate-bonded pullulan: An efficient and reusable super-sorbent for cadmium-uptake from spiked high-hardness groundwater

Chemically modified pullulan was evaluated for its sorption efficiency and selectivity to remove cadmium(Cd) from spiked high-hardness groundwater(GW). Pullulan esterified with succinic anhydride using dimethylaminopyridine showed a fairly high degree of substitution value as confirmed by1 H NMR spectroscopy. Pullulan succinate(Pull-Suc) was converted into the sodium salt(Pull-Suc-Na). The effect of contact time(5–200 min) and p H(2–8) on Cd-uptake by the sorbent(Pull-Suc-Na) was investigated. The sorbent showed more than 90% Cd-removal in first 15 min from distilled water(DW) and GW solution,respectively. Comparison of Pull-Suc-Na with other polysaccharidal sorbents suggested its high efficiency(DW 476.2 mg/g and GW 454.5 mg/g) and selectivity for the removal of Cd by an ion exchange mechanism, which is further supported by the negative Gibbs free energy values calculated from Langmuir isotherms. A Langmuir isotherm kinetic model provided the best fit for the sorption of Cd using Pull-Suc-Na. The sorbent showed a negligible decrease in Cd-uptake over three regeneration cycles. The thermal stability testing of the sorbents indicated that Pull-Suc-Na(sorbent) is more stable than Pull-Suc.     

Characterization of value-added chemicals derived from the thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation of sewage sludge

• Hydrothermal treatment can greatly improve resource recovery from sewage sludge. • tCOD removal during WO was ~55% compared with ~23% after TH. • TOC solubilization during hydrothermal treatment followed first-order kinetics. • Solids and carbon balance confirmed loss of organics during thermal hydrolysis. • Reaction pathways for thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation are proposed. We evaluated the effect of hydrothermal pretreatments, i.e., thermal hydrolysis (TH) and wet oxidation (WO) on sewage sludge to promote resource recovery. The hydrothermal processes were performed under mild temperature conditions (140°C–180°C) in a high pressure reactor. The reaction in acidic environment (pH= 3.3) suppressed the formation of the color imparting undesirable Maillard’s compounds. The oxidative conditions resulted in higher volatile suspended solids (VSS) reduction (~90%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (~55%) whereas TH caused VSS and COD removals of ~65% and ~27%, respectively at a temperature of 180°C. During TH, the concentrations of carbohydrates and proteins in treated sludge were 400–1000 mg/L and 1500–2500 mg/L, respectively. Whereas, WO resulted in solids solubilization followed by oxidative degradation of organics into smaller molecular weight carboxylic acids such as acetic acid (~400–500 mg/L). Based on sludge transformation products generated during the hydrothermal pretreatments, simplified reaction pathways are predicted. Finally, the application of macromolecules (such as proteins), VFAs and nutrients present in the treated sludge are also discussed. The future study should focus on the development of economic recovery methods for various value-added compounds.     

户外柜式通信电源系统设计的自然环境因素考虑

本文列举了影响户外柜式通信电源系统的各种自然环境因素,并讨论了各个因素对产品的主要影响机理,提出了产品设计时需要考虑的要点。为该类产品的耐环境设计和可靠性设计提供了必要的参考信息,对其它户外电子设备的设计也有借鉴意义。     

小龙潭电厂脱硫工艺的探讨

介绍了国外几种成熟的脱硫工艺，通过分析与比较并结合小龙潭电厂的实际情况，最终选择烟气循环流化床半干法作为该电厂褐煤锅炉的脱硫工艺。     

大港发电厂温排水对附近海域浮游动物影响研究

分别于2010年夏、冬季对大港发电厂温排水口附近海域浮游动物进行调查。结果表明:调查区浮游动物以桡足类和幼虫类占优势,群落结构相对稳定,但丰度明显低于渤海湾其他海区,种类组成、丰度和多样性指数具有夏季高于冬季、近岸低于远岸的时空变化特征。临近温排水口的TJHS1117站位的浮游动物群落物种数、丰度及多样性等在6个调查站位中都处于最低,可见温排水对浮游动物群落结构及平面分布有一定的影响。     

火电厂煤尘污染防治主要措施研究

文章通过对火电项目煤尘产生源的分析,根据北方地区社会、经济、环境现状,提出电厂储煤场及输煤系统煤尘的主要防治措施,从而为北方经济欠发达地区火电厂的煤尘污染防治提供一些参考依据,促进环境质量的改善.     

中国电力工业大气二氧化硫污染及其控制

研究中国电力工业大气ＳＯ２的污染状况及发展趋势、危害及原因，分析中国电力工业大气ＳＯ２污染控制技术。     

火电厂废水零排放技术的研究

讨论了火电厂各种废水的处理技术，结合我国的实际情况，探讨适用的火电厂零排放技术。