Hydrolyzed Al(Ⅲ) clusters: Speciation stability of nano-Al13

Pure nano-Al13 and aggregates at various concentrations were prepared to examine the particle size effect of coagulation with inorganic polymer fiocculant. The property and stability of various species formed were characterized using Infrared, 27Al-NMR,photo correlation spectroscopy (PCS), and Ferron assay. Results showed that concentration and temperature exhibited different roles on the stability of Al13. The quantity of Alb species analyzed by ferron assay in the initial aging period corresponded well with that of Al13, which has been confirmed in a dimension range of 1-2 nm by PCS. Al13 solutions at high concentrations (0.5-2.11 mol/L)were observed to undergo further aggregation with aging. The aggregates with a wide particle size distribution would contribute to the disappeared/decreased Al13 basis on the 27Al-NMR spectrum, whereas a part of Al13 would still remain as Alb. At low concentrations,Al13 solution was quite stable at normal temperature, but lost its stability quickly when heating to 90°C.     

岩质边坡稳定性分析的模糊模式识别方法研究及应用

边坡稳定性分析是不确定性问题,伴有随机性的同时兼具模糊性.本文通过运用主成分分析法优选影响岩质边坡稳定性的特性指标,进而构建边坡稳定性模式和待识别边坡的隶属函数,并确定计算贴近度的方法,以此建立了边坡稳定性的模糊识别模型.在通过模型进行实例仿真的过程中,为综合考虑各种因素对边坡稳定性影响程度的大小,用德尔菲(Delph...     

基于景观功能与稳定性的矿区规划环境影响评价研究——以晋中煤炭基地西山矿区为例

应用景观生态学方法,结合煤矿区规划环评的特点,从景观功能与稳定性评价入手,建立了三层次的适用于煤矿区规划评价的指标体系。并以晋中煤矿基地——西山矿区为例,进行矿区规划景观功能与稳定性评价的研究。结果表明,在煤矿区规划开发活动中,应加强采煤沉陷区的治理和恢复,注重水土保持和景观破碎化的改善,以减少规划对景观功能和稳定性的破坏。运用本次确定的评价体系进行定量计算的结果与常规的景观定性分析结论基本一致,但该指标体系还需要从区域生态承载力人均化、加强污染物变化情况远期预测和细化地表沉陷引起土地面积损失几个方面加以改进和完善。     

Using thermal analysis with kinetic calculation method to assess the thermal stability of azo compound on construction materials

The application of construction polymers in engineering and alternative materials has always occupied a place in the market. In the production process of polymer resins, initiators can be used to lower the polymerization reaction energy threshold, which can improve reaction efficiency and reduce energy loss. However, as a commonly used energetic substance in the polymerization process, azos have caused related process hazards due to their exothermic characteristics. Because of this, it is essential to examine and analyze the thermal hazard characteristics of emerging azo substances, such as 2-cyanopropan-2-imemicarbazide (CABN). Although previous literature performs the calculation on related thermal hazard parameters of CABN, there is still exists a void for discussion in estimating the reaction model to avoid analogous hazards and enhance the existing thermal analysis. Based on the past literature, the reaction model is improved with thermogravimetric analysis as evidence. The revised thermal hazard parameters are calculated as the basis of control and mitigation measures, the kinetic model is used to estimate the modified safety parameters, and in the judgment of the runaway reaction, the critical temperature of the runaway is found by analyzing the influence of slight changes in ambient temperature on the reaction temperature. The results show that the critical temperature that causes CABN to enter the runaway reaction is delayed, and the hazard is lower than in the storage situation. Therefore, the thermal hazard to CABN mainly focuses on the safety environment and measures during storage.     

不同围岩和埋深条件下高地温隧道围岩稳定性影响研究*

为了研究围岩等级及埋深对高地温隧道围岩稳定性的影响,以红河州建（个）元高速公路尼格隧道为工程背景,采用现场测试、正交试验及数值模拟相结合的方法,探讨围岩等级、埋深及温度对隧道围岩稳定的敏感性。研究结果表明:隧道拱顶沉降量随围岩等级及埋深的升高而增加,而隧道拱顶沉降量随围岩温度的增加呈先减小后增加的趋势,影响隧道拱顶沉降因素主次顺序为围岩等级、埋深及温度。将数值模拟与现场监测结果对比分析,验证数值模拟的可靠性及准确性。研究结果可为类似高地温隧道设计和施工提供参考。     

HDPE土工膜长期性能稳定性的研究进展

垃圾填埋场底部高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)土工膜会因氧化降解而使防渗性能降低,对环境带来二次污染风险,因此,HDPE膜的长期稳定性是值得关注的问题,但国内相关研究甚少。HDPE膜的降解过程可分为3个阶段,主要受自身性质、温度、接触介质和衬垫结构等因素的影响。文章重点综述了国外研究HDPE膜长期稳定性的试验方法,归纳了相关的数学模型,并根据存在的问题提出了建议。室内试验一般采用老化试验,包括浸泡试验和模拟试验,二者均能加快HDPE膜的老化进程。前者一般将试样完全浸泡于研究介质中试验,试验值较为保守;后者将样品置于模拟的衬垫构造中试验,结果更接近实际。数学模型采用Arrhenius模型,精度和所需参数取决于老化试验,现阶段大部分计算结果较片面,完善试验是后续工作的重点。     

水性聚氨酯合成与性能表征

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚丙二醇(PPG-1000)为主要原料,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂,一缩二乙二醇(DEG)为小分子扩链剂,三乙胺(TEA)为中和剂,合成水性聚氨酯(WPU)溶液。研究了异氰酸根与羟值(NCO/OH)摩尔比、中和度等因素对WPU溶液黏度性能的影响。初步获得水性聚氨酯压制剂的制备工艺,即:NCO/OH投料比0.80～1.0,中和度100%,初聚温度60℃,预聚75℃,预聚时间3h,扩链1.5h,按照此配比及工艺制备的水性聚氨酯溶液稳定性能较好。     

岩质边坡随机楔体稳定性分析的Monte-Carlo模拟

结构面组合形成的楔体滑动是岩质边坡的一个主要失稳模式.本文依据统计学理论和概率理论,将Monte-Carlo模拟引入到岩质边坡随机楔体的稳定性分析中,通过设定随机过程,计算参数估计量和统计量,研究了节理的随机分布特征,同时建立了随机楔体模型,采用极限平衡理论计算了楔体的破坏概率,并针对实际工程中经常遇到的小楔体失稳概率...     

中南地区供水厂水质稳定分析及防护技术

文章以中南地区40多个供水厂原水为主要研究对象,针对供水厂原水水质化学稳定性及其控制方法,进行了以下研究:(1)中南地区供水系统原水水质稳定性现状调查;(2)腐蚀产物的物理化学特性;(3)原水水质化学稳定性的变化规律;(4)供水系统水质稳定性的控制方法。为了全面、客观的评价水质化学稳定性问题,本文采用稳定指数和饱和指数配合使用来综合评价水质化学稳定性,并综合考虑pH值、钙离子含量、侵蚀性二氧化碳的影响,研究发现,饱和指数IL小于-0.6、稳定指数IR大于8以及含高浓度侵蚀性二氧化碳会增加水的腐蚀倾向,可根据不同的作用机理选择相应的防护技术。