江西武山铜矿尾矿坝软土地基分级加载稳定性问题分析

稳定性分析是堤防、土石坝等以稳定性为控制条件的工程设计的一项重要工作,在软土地区尤其如此。由于软基堤坝稳定问题主要出现在施工期间,特别对于进行地基处理过的软基。本文结合工程实际,通过对湖相沉积软土上分级加载的堆石坝进行稳定性分析,指导了工程安全施工,收到了一定的效果。     

Treatment of electronic waste to recover metal values using thermal plasma coupled with acid leaching--a response surface modeling approach

The global crisis of the hazardous electronic waste (E-waste) is on the rise due to increasing usage and disposal of electronic devices. A process was developed to treat E-waste in an environmentally benign process. The process consisted of thermal plasma treatment followed by recovery of metal values through mineral acid leaching. In the thermal process, the E-waste was melted to recover the metal values as a metallic mixture. The metallic mixture was subjected to acid leaching in presence of depolarizer. The leached liquor mainly contained copper as the other elements like Al and Fe were mostly in alloy form as per the XRD and phase diagram studies. Response surface model was used to optimize the conditions for leaching. More than 90% leaching efficiency at room temperature was observed for Cu, Ni and Co with HCl as the solvent, whereas Fe and Al showed less than 40% efficiency.     

Process and technological aspects of municipal solid waste gasification. A review

The paper proposes a critical assessment of municipal solid waste gasification today, starting from basic aspects of the process (process types and steps, operating and performance parameters) and arriving to a comparative analysis of the reactors (fixed bed, fluidized bed, entrained bed, vertical shaft, moving grate furnace, rotary kiln, plasma reactor) as well as of the possible plant configurations (heat gasifier and power gasifier) and the environmental performances of the main commercially available gasifiers for municipal solid wastes. The analysis indicates that gasification is a technically viable option for the solid waste conversion, including residual waste from separate collection of municipal solid waste. It is able to meet existing emission limits and can have a remarkable effect on reduction of landfill disposal option.     

关于冷原子荧光测汞法灵敏度和稳定性影响因素的探讨

本文从六个方面对影响冷原子荧光测汞灵敏度和稳定性的因素进行了探讨,同时提出了相应的改进措施,以便更好地应用冷原子荧光测汞法。     

丰山铜矿岩石声学特性研究及其在采场安全预报中的应用

对丰山铜矿的矿岩进行声波特性研究,依据声波特性参数将矿岩的稳定性分为3类,并建立了相应采场安全性的声学监测措施。利用声波特性可以实现对岩石的稳定性进行快速判断,并以此选择采矿方法、优化采场的结构参数及支护方式。通过对井下工作面长期的声发射特性参数的监测,初步确定了丰山铜矿岩石破坏的声发射特性参数的判据。并根据观测到的声发射特性参数时间序列,应用灰色理论模型来预报采场冒顶、片帮事故,通过对多个采场的成功预报,证明该模型的有效性。同时应用声波技术和声发射技术进行开采过程的安全预报是一种新的思路,对指导地下矿山安全生产具有重要的意义。     

江苏震后救灾宣传中值得引以为鉴的几个问题——以常熟地震为例

震后救灾宣传尤其是有关震情的宣传报道与社会的稳定关系极大。本文以常熟地震为例，通过对该次地震救灾宣传中出现的一些问题的剖析，提出了今后江苏救灾宣传中应注意把握好宣传的政策性、快速性、组织性、协调性、真实性、针对性及二重性问题     

边坡稳定性分析专家系统研制

在系统总结边坡工程知识和经验基础上，以专家系统开发工具GURU为开发环境，建立了边坡稳定性评估专家系统。文中详细介绍了该专家系统的结构、知识内容及其表达方式。最后，以一实例对该系统进行了验证，验证结果说明该系统可用于边坡稳定性评估。     

出舱活动过程中航天员的热舒适性分析

分析了出舱活动中航天员－ 服装系统的热平衡,阐述了影响航天员热舒适性的因素及热舒适性的评价标准,并对美国航天员舱外活动的冷应激的人体工程学问题进行了讨论。还指出了提高航天员热舒适性有待解决的几个关键问题。     

THE STABILITY OF BLOCKS SUBJECTED TO PLUNGING WATER JETS

Laboratory observations were made on the stability of cubical blocks subjected to plunging water jets. The blocks were placed in a plunge basin at the base of a flip bucket. A dimensionless equation was derived and a nomogram was drawn to facilitate its solution. The results can be applied to determine the size of stones required to armor a plunge basin or scour hole.     

Changes in Physical and Biological Soil Quality Indicators in a Tropical Crop System (Havana,Cuba) in Response to Different Agroecological Management Practices

The objective of our study was to assess the response of physical (aggregate stability and bulk density) and biological (enzyme activities and microbial biomass) soil quality indicators to the adoption of agroecological management practices, such as the planting of forage species (forage area) and the rotation of local crops (polycrop area), carried out in a representative tropical pasture on an integrated livestock–crop farm. The pasture system was used as control (pasture area). In all three areas, the values of water-soluble C were higher in the rainy season compared to the dry season. Pasture and forage areas had the highest percentage of stable aggregates in the rainy season, while polycrops developed soils with less stable aggregates. Soil bulk density was lower in the pasture and forage areas than in the polycrop area. In the pasture area, the microbial biomass C values, dehydrogenase, urease, protease-BAA, acid phosphatase, and -glucosidase activities were higher than in the forage and polycrop areas, particularly in the dry season. The highest increase in the microbial biomass C in the rainy season, with respect to the dry season, was recorded in the pasture area (about 1.2-fold). In conclusion, the planting of forage species can be considered an effective practice for carrying out sustainable, integrated livestock–crop systems, due to its general maintenance of soil quality, while the adoption of polycrop rotations appears to be less favorable because it decreases soil quality.