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21.
水量衡算条件下人工湿地对有机物的去除研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
构建了芦苇和无植物2种人工湿地,在系统水量衡算的基础上比较了2种湿地对生活污水中有机物的去除效果。结果证明,在植物收割后的冬季,芦苇湿地对有机物的去除率低于无植物湿地系统约2%;在其他季节,芦苇湿地对污水CODcr的去除率比无植物湿地高出3.3%-5%。但对BOD5的去除率却比无植物湿地低了1.9%-2.7%。因此,芦苇湿地对有机物的去除效果比无植物湿地高,但提高不多。比较了2种系统的氧化还原电位,芦苇湿地比无植物湿地的高(P〈0.05),这种提高主要集中在湿地水面以下约10cm的深度;从整个湿地床体来看。2块连续运行的潜流水平湿地内部氧化还原状态大部分相同。主要是厌氧状态。比较了2种人工湿地基质中降解有机物的细菌,放线菌和真菌的数量,二者没有明显的差别。考察了湿地进水有机负荷与去除量的关系,二者呈现显著的线性相关性(R^2〉0.99)。 相似文献
22.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):319-331
Oxidation-absorption technology is a key step for NOx removal from low-temperature gas. Under the condition of low O3 concentration (O3/NO molar ratio = 0.6), F-TiO2 (F-TiO2), which is cheap and environmentally friendly, has been prepared as ozonation catalysts for NO oxidation. Catalytic activity tests performed at 120°C showed that the NO oxidation efficiency of F-TiO2 samples was higher than that of TiO2 (about 43.7%), and the NO oxidation efficiency of F-TiO2-0.15 was the highest, which was 65.3%. Combined with physicochemical characteristics of catalysts and the analysis of active species, it was found that there was a synergistic effect between F sites and oxygen vacancies on F-TiO2, which could accelerate the transformation of monomolecular O3 into multi-molecule singlet oxygen (1O2), thus promoting the selective oxidation of NO to NO2. The oxidation reaction of NO on F-TiO2-0.15 follows the Eley-Rideal mechanism, that is, gaseous NO reacts with adsorbed O3 and finally form NO2. 相似文献
23.
脲酶抑制法检测环境样品中重金属离子研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
为探索利用脲酶快速检测环境样品中重金属离子的最佳条件,系统研究了重金属和缓冲液类型及其浓度对脲酶抑制率的影响。结果表明,不同浓度缓冲液中重金属离子浓度与脲酶抑制率呈显著的相关性,表现为随着重金属离子浓度的增加,脲酶抑制率也提高。缓冲液类型和浓度均能影响重金属对脲酶的抑制作用,其中磷酸缓冲液中,无论是Hg^2 还是Cu^2 对脲酶活性均有较强的抑制作用:在柠檬酸缓冲液中2种离子对脲酶的抑制作用存在显著差异。建立脲酶抑制检测技术的关键是选择合适的缓冲系统。此结果为脲酶抑制法在快速检测重金属离子中最佳检测条件的选择提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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提出重庆三峡库区实施农林复合经营的重要性及其可持续发展理论和结构类型,并针对存在的问题,提出农林复合经营可持续发展对策。 相似文献
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Yongfeng Ji Zidan Yuan Guoqing Zhang Xing Wu Xu M Jinru Lin Shaofeng Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):31-41
An advanced cost-saving method of removal of high-As(Ⅲ) from SO4(-Ⅱ)-rich metallurgi cal wastewater has been developed by diluting the SO4(-Ⅱ) content with As(Ⅲ)-Cl(-Ⅰ)-rich metallurgical wastewater and then by the direct precipitation of As(Ⅲ) with Fe(Ⅲ) at pH2.3.As(Ⅲ) removal at various SO4(-Ⅱ)/Cl(-Ⅰ) molar ratios and temperatures was investigated The results showed that 65.2–98.2%of As(III) immobilization into solids occurred at the SO4(Ⅱ)/Cl(-Ⅰ) mo... 相似文献
29.
The feasibility of decomplexation removal of typical contaminants in electroplating wastewater, complexed Cu(II) with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (Cu-HEDP), was first performed by a three-dimensional electric
reactor with activated biochar as particle electrodes. For the case of 50 mg/L Cu-HEDP, Cu(II) removal (90.7%) and PO
initial pH 7, acid-treated almond shell biochar (AASB) addition 20 g/L, and reaction time 180 min, with second-order rate constants of 1.10 × 10−3 and 1.94 × 10−5 min−1respectively. The growing chelating effect between Cu(II) and HEDP and the comprehensive actions of adsorptive accumulation, direct and indirect oxidation given by particle electrodes accounted for the enhanced removal of Cu-HEDP, even though the mineralization of HEDP was mainly dependent on anode oxidation. The performance attenuation of AASB particle electrodes was ascribed to the excessive consumption of oxygen-containing functionalities during the reaction, especially acidic carboxylic groups and quinones on particle electrodes, which decreased from 446.74 to 291.48 µmol/g, and 377.55 to 247.71 µmol/g, respectively. Based on the determination of adsorption behavior and indirect electrochemical oxidation mediated by in situ electrogenerated H2O2 and reactive oxygen species (e.g., •OH), a possible removal mechanism of Cu-HEDP by three-dimensional electrolysis was further proposed. 相似文献
30.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):517-530
Graphite carbon nitride has many excellent properties as a two-dimensional semiconductor material so that it has a wide application prospect in the field of photocatalysis. However, the traditional problems such as high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers limit its application. In this work, we introduce nitrogen deficiency into g-C3N4 to solve this problem a simple and safe in-situ reduction method. g-C3N4/CaCO3 was obtained by a simple and safe one-step calcination method with industrial-grade micron particles CaCO3. Cyano group modification was in-situ reduced during the thermal polymerization process, which would change the internal electronic structure of g-C3N4. The successful combination of g-C3N4 and CaCO3 and the introduction of cyanide have been proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The formation of the cyano group, an electron-absorbing group, promotes the effective separation of photogenic electron hole pairs and inhibits the recombination of photogenic carriers. These advantages result in the generation of more •O2− and 1O2 in the catalytic system, which increases the photocatalytic efficiency of nicotine degradation by ten times. Furthermore, the degradation process of nicotine has been studied in this work to provide a basis for the degradation of nicotine organic pollutants in the air. 相似文献