三峡水库蓄水前库区水质状况研究

采用单因子评价法,对长江三峡库区1996～2001年的水质监测资料进行水质状况分析,结果表明三峡库区江段水质状况总体良好,参与评价的各项指标多年均值均符合Ⅱ类水体标准;部分水质参数测值超Ⅱ类水体标准,其中高锰酸盐指数、总铅、氨氮为库区江段的主要污染因子;汛期水质劣于非汛期水质。采用PWQTrend水质污染发展趋势分析专业软件,对长江三峡库区6年来的水质监测资料进行水质趋势分析,结果显示库区江段水质参数浓度及污染物输送率趋势均以无显著变化为主,表明库区江段总体水质状况6年来保持基本稳定。     

Two-dimensional habitat modeling of Chinese sturgeon spawning sites

Since the construction of the Gezhouba Dam in the 1980s, the number of Chinese sturgeon in the Yangtze River has been rapidly declining. The Gezhouba Dam has cutoff the migration path of these sturgeon, resulting in an overall reduction of suitable sturgeon habitat. This paper describes a habitat suitability index model that is used to evaluate the impacts of the Gezhouba Dam and Three Gorges Project on Chinese sturgeon spawning sites. Based on research concerning the reproduction characteristics of Chinese sturgeon, ten major ecological factors that influence reproduction were analyzed, including: water temperature, velocity, water depth, substrate, suspended sediment concentration, and the amount of egg predatory fish. The suitability index (SI) curves based on these ten ecological factors were obtained, and a habitat suitability function was developed. A two-dimensional mathematical model was also created to simulate and predict physical habitat situation (such as hydraulic, sediment, and substrate) of the Chinese sturgeon. By coupling the habitat suitability function and a two-dimensional mathematical model, a habitat suitability index model for Chinese sturgeon was established. The habitat suitability index model was validated by comparing measured data with predictions from the model. These comparisons showed that the computed results agreed well with the measured results, and the high calculated habitat suitability index (HSI) corresponded to high measured quantity of eggs per unit (1000 m³) discharge (CPUE_d). The calculated habitat suitability index for Chinese sturgeon also showed that the habitat suitability index was better in 1999, before the impoundment of the Three Gorges Project, compared with the habitat suitability in 2003. Simulation results of different discharges from Gezhouba Dam predicted that flow discharges between 10,000 and 30,000 m³/s were most suitable for sturgeon spawning.     

长江三峡工程对丰都县的影响

本文就长江三峡工程之兴建,对本丰都县经济与生态环境将产生的影响进行了探讨,并提出解决问题的主要对策。     

长江三峡库区猕猴桃资源特点及其发展策略

猕猴桃是我国特有的珍贵果树资源，长江三峡库区是猕猴桃的原产中心地带，物种资源丰富，生态条件优越，发展潜力较大。本文分析了三峡库区猕猴桃的资源特点，阐述了开发利用猴桃桃资源的必要性和优越性，以及有利条件，提出了发展猕猴桃生产的若干策略。     

三峡地区建设中环境灾害问题与减灾对策

随着三峡工程的大规模建设，目前所面临的各类生态环境灾害严重制约三峡地区建设和国民经济的发展。本文通过对三峡地区生态环境灾害的系统分析，提出了灾害减免之对策，为三峡地区经济起飞创造一个安全有利的环境。     

Risk cognition and the public: The case of Three Mile Island

Residents of within 50 miles of the nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island (TMI), Pennsylvania, were surveyed in 1979, 1980, and 1982 to assess their general attitudes toward nuclear power, to assess their individual coping responses to the March 1979 accident, and to monitor changes in attitudes over the three-year period. Most respondents feel that future accidents like TMI will occur once or twice more in their lifetimes, that operating nuclear power stations should have improved safeguards and should continue operating, and that major institutions—government and utility companies—are experiencing a continued erosion of public trust.     

三峡库区（湖北部分）珍稀濒危保护植物资源现状

对长江三峡库区（湖北部分）宜昌,兴山,秭归和巴东４县的调查表明,三峡库区天然分布有殂稀濒危植物４０种,隶属２７科３６属,分别占湖北省总数６２种和全国总数３８８种的６４．５％和１０．３％;天然分布有国家重点保护植物１３１种,隶属２７科７３属,分别占湖北省总数的２０６种和全国总数的１７００多种的６３．６％和７．７％,其中国家一级保护植物有红豆杉、南方红豆杉、珙酮、光叶珙酮４种。国家二级保护植物有金毛狗     

三峡库区城镇移民迁建的问题与对策

根据三峡库区城镇迁宾方针、目标和原则,结合当胶城镇的迁建状况,总结出迁建过程中存在的７个主要问题：（１）迁建城镇人口和用地规模普遍偏大;（２）城市用地布局过于分散;（３）盲目跨江发展,大量库区岸线被占用;（４）移民就业安置不够落实;（５）“二次移民”返贫现象出现;（６）对城市搬迁与城市功能再造认识不足;（７）城镇迁建区生态,环境破坏严重。     

三峡工程淹没区文物保护及旅游协调发展

长江三峡是集自然景观与人文历史景观于一体的世界著名峡谷观光旅游胜地。三峡工程的实施,直接影响到该地区的地形、地貌,并波及到文物古迹、名胜、自然景观,使峡区旅游资源受到一定程度的破坏。三峡旅游资源现状特点的评价及新兴旅游景观的规划、布局不公认文物古迹,同时将促进三峡地区的经济发展。三峡库区旅游景观的维护与开发是一项艰巨而复杂的工程,必须贯彻“以维护为基础,以维持带动开发,以维护促进开发”的指导思想,     

三峡库区水土保持与生态环境改善

介绍了三峡库区水土流失现象,分析了水土流失发生的原因,阐述了水土流失对库区生态环境的影响。主要表现在：破坏土地资源,淤毁水利工程、抬高河床,加强洪旱等灾害,污染水资源。