基于ASR的呼叫中心系统设计与可靠性研究

本文以IT运行维护的故障申报系统为例,介绍如何利用Nuance Recognizer9.0自动语音识别系统和东进D081A模拟中继语音卡电话处理系统设计基于ASR(自动语音识别)的呼叫中心。文中不仅介绍了设计过程中的各个关键环节,而且对该系统的可靠性进行了深入讨论。其中包括如何合理设计语法文件以提高语音识别率;如何在系统运行期间进行同步保障,使系统逐步趋于完善。     

国家环境数据共享与服务体系研究

结合我国环境数据共享与服务面临的问题,对国家环境数据共享与服务体系的时代背景、概念和实质、技术框架、主要建设内容等进行了研究。指出国家环境数据共享与服务体系是政府主导建设的环境信息资源网,核心由三级环境数据中心、依托于四级专网的环境数据传输与交换平台以及分别依托于内网、专网和互联网的各级共享服务门户构成。     

危险化学品物流网络选址-运输优化研究

为兼顾经济与安全效益,实现危险化学品物流配送中心选址与运输路径选择的联合互动,建立综合选址-选线模型。该模型考虑危险化学品的风险特性、时间属性、路线路面状况及沿线周围环境随车辆移动的变化,以配送中心建设运行费用、运输费用、选址风险、运输风险和敏感目标人数为优化目标。采用专家打分法对各子目标权重进行打分,将多目标规划问题转化为单目标决策问题来求解,并根据模型给出一种启发式算法。网络选址-运输优化可降低危险化学品物流事故率和沿线人员伤亡风险,优化影响人员风险与物流成本冲突问题,实现最佳网点布局及路径选择。     

Cu-ZnO双反应中心类芬顿催化剂降解水中碘乙腈性能与机制

多相芬顿催化虽然克服了均相芬顿pH适用范围窄,铁泥二次污染等问题,但还面临着稳定性差,H₂O₂利用率低的问题,从而限制了其实际应用。本文利用锌和铜的电负性差异制备了一种双反应中心催化剂Cu-ZnO,通过在催化剂表面构建贫富电子中心,从而诱导H₂O₂产生·OH降解污染物。采用TEM、EDS、XRD、FTIR、XPS以及EPR对催化剂进行表征,并研究了催化剂投加量、H₂O₂投加量、pH以及共存离子对碘乙腈降解效果的影响。结果表明,在催化剂投加量为1 g·L^-1,双氧水投加量为10 mmol·L^-1时,Cu-ZnO对碘乙腈的去除率在91%。大部分共存离子对催化剂的降解效果影响较小,且在酸性条件下催化剂稳定性较好,中性和碱性条件下金属离子基本无释放。催化剂诱导产生的•OH和HO₂^•/O₂^•−是碘乙腈(IAN)降解的主要活性物种,降解产物包括CO₂,H₂O,I^－和IO₃^- 等。     

地震勘探爆破作业的安全对策

根据地震勘探爆破作业的特点 ,从爆破器材选择、作业过程中危险预防、爆破危害效应控制等方面提出了地震勘探爆破作业的安全对策。     

Particle concentrations in data centers

Cooling buildings with large airflow rates of outside air when temperatures are favorable is an established energy-saving measure. In data centers, this strategy is not widely used, owing to concerns that it would cause increased indoor levels of particles of outdoor origin, which could damage electronic equipment. However, environmental conditions typical of data centers and the associated potential for equipment failure are not well characterized. This study presents the first published measurements of particle concentrations in operating data centers. Indoor and outdoor particle measurements were taken at eight different sites in northern California for particulate matter 0.3–5.0 μm in diameter. One of the data centers has an energy-efficient design that employs outside air for cooling, while the rest use conventional cooling methods. Ratios of measured particle concentrations in the conventional data centers to the corresponding outside concentrations were significantly lower than those typically found in office or residential buildings. Estimates using a material-balance model match well with empirical results, indicating that the dominant particle sources and losses have been identified. Measurements taken at the more energy-efficient site show nearly an order of magnitude increase in particle concentration when ventilation rates were high. The model indicates that this increase may be even higher when including particles smaller than the monitoring-equipment size limitation. Even with the increases, the measured particle concentrations are still below concentration limits recommended in industry standards.     

城市污水处理厂Web决策支持中心的设计与开发

研究开发了基于Web的城市污水处理厂决策支持系统(模拟系统、专家系统、培训系统),实现了决策支持中心的思想。介绍了城市污水处理厂Web决策支持中心的设计思想,以及利用.NET技术,以单机版决策支持系统为基础进行软件开发的方法。同时讨论了开发城市污水处理厂决策支持中心的意义,以及在本研究基础上进行深入科研工作的前景。     

Growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant responses of two microalgal species, Chlorella vulgaris and Selenastrum capricornutum, to nonylphenol stress

The effect of nonylphenol (NP) on growth, photochemistry and biochemistry of two green microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris and Selenanstrum capricornutum, and their ability to degrade NP were compared. The 96 h EC₅₀ of C. vulgaris and S. capricornutum were greater than 4.0 and 1.0 mg L⁻¹ NP, respectively, suggesting that the former species was more tolerant to NP. Both microalgae acclimated to NP stress through down-regulating their photosynthetic activities, including antenna size (chlorophyll a content), maximal photochemistry (Fv/Fm) and the light absorbed by PSII (ABS/CS₀), but the dissipation of energy from reaction centres (DI₀/RC) increased with the increase of NP concentrations. In C. vulgaris, the changes of these parameters were more significant than in S. capricornutum and recovered completely after a 96 h exposure. The antioxidant responses, such as GSH content, CAT and POD activities in C. vulgaris increased with the increase of NP concentrations after a 24 h exposure, but these changes disappeared with exposure time and recovered to the control levels after 96 h. In S. capricornutum, although GSH content, CAT and POD activities also increased when exposed to low- to moderate-NP concentrations, these values were significantly reduced at a high concentration (4 mg L⁻¹) even after a 96 h exposure, indicating its antioxidant responses were significantly delayed. It is clear that the more NP-tolerant species, C. vulgaris, acclimated better with a faster recovery of its photosynthetic activity from the NP-induced damage, and exhibited more efficient and rapid responses to NP-induced oxidative stress. C. vulgaris also had a higher NP degradation ability than S. capricornutum.     

Nonparametric Monte Carlo Simulation for Flood Frequency Curve Derivation: An Application to a Korean Watershed1

Abstract: A mix of causative mechanisms may be responsible for flood at a site. Floods may be caused because of extreme rainfall or rain on other rainfall events. The statistical attributes of these events differ according to the watershed characteristics and the causes. Traditional methods of flood frequency analysis are only adequate for specific situations. Also, to address the uncertainty of flood frequency estimates for hydraulic structures, a series of probabilistic analyses of rainfall‐runoff and flow routing models, and their associated inputs, are used. This is a complex problem in that the probability distributions of multiple independent and derived random variables need to be estimated to evaluate the probability of floods. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to develop a flood frequency curve derivation method driven by multiple random variables and to develop a tool that can consider the uncertainties of design floods. This study focuses on developing a flood frequency curve based on nonparametric statistical methods for the estimation of probabilities of rare floods that are more appropriate in Korea. To derive the frequency curve, rainfall generation using the nonparametric kernel density estimation approach is proposed. Many flood events are simulated by nonparametric Monte Carlo simulations coupled with the center Latin hypercube sampling method to estimate the associated uncertainty. This study applies the methods described to a Korean watershed. The results provide higher physical appropriateness and reasonable estimates of design flood.     

地铁行车调度系统人误影响因素识别及评定研究

为寻找影响地铁行车调度系统人误的因素,提出结合SHEL模型与层次分析法(AHP)的人-机-环系统人误影响因素识别及评定技术。通过扩展SHEL模型到人-任务、人-列车、人-人机界面、人-环境、人-线路、人-人、人-客观其他7个界面,构建人误影响因素分析模型;在对上海地铁54名行车调度员问卷调查的基础上,引以因子分析法识别出19项人误影响因素;并通过搭建人误影响因素层次结构模型及运用AHP法实现对人误影响因素的评定。结果表明,影响行车调度人误的因素中权重居前5位的分别为客流问题、行车密度、问题列车数、人机界面可支持性及人机界面布局合理性。因此,在客观运营条件不能改变的情况下,可以用改善人机界面条件来减少人误的发生。