石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤中痕量铋

建立了微波消解土壤、石墨炉原子吸收法测定土壤中痕量铋的方法。采用磷酸二氢铵作为基体改进剂,热解涂层石墨管,塞曼扣背景。此方法对测定土壤中铋的灵敏度、准确度都有很大的提高。方法的最低检出浓度为0.02μg/g,加标回收率为94.5%~103.8%,能够满足环境监测分析的要求。     

人工湿地不同填料组合去除典型污染物的研究

选取沸石、火山岩、空心砖、钢渣4种填料,通过对水中典型污染物的等温吸附试验,进行填料组合方式的优化配比.选取优化后的配比组合模拟人工湿地基质系统进行动态试验,进一步考察分析不同填料组合对污染物去除效果的差异.实验结果表明,Langmuir模型能够较好地模拟填料对氮、磷的吸附过程.各填料对NH+4-N的饱和吸附量大小为沸石(2388.92 mg·kg-1)空心砖(618.39 mg·kg-1)火山岩(310.84mg·kg-1);对磷的饱和吸附量大小为空心砖(3051.57 mg·kg-1)钢渣(2863.69 mg·kg-1)火山岩(1102.78 mg·kg-1)沸石(717.15mg·kg-1).在动态试验中,不同的填料组合对污染物具有不同的去除效果.综合考虑各填料组合对污染物的去除,选取效果最优的填料组合为ZH11(沸石与空心砖质量比1∶1混合),其对COD、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、TP的去除率分别达到62.40%、95.54%、59.82%和97.50%.     

村镇小型生活垃圾热处理炉底渣的理化特性

小型垃圾热处理设备可实现就地处置,节约运输成本,目前在中国山区、丘陵地带的村镇得到广泛应用.为了解村镇小型生活垃圾热处理炉底渣的理化特性及其影响因素,对中国云南、贵州、安徽村镇实际运行的小型生活垃圾热处理设备产生的底渣进行取样,分析其热灼减率、物理组成、化学组成、晶相组成、重金属含量和浸出特性,探讨处理工艺、地域及季节...     

铁合金矿热炉CO泄漏点的自控检测及报警系统

介绍了CO泄漏点的自控检测及报警系统的原理、硬件电路设计、系统软件设计及主要技术指标。并就其在铁合金矿热炉CO泄漏点上的应用与美、德国家产品进行了经济对比,在性能一样的情况下,优于国外产品,应用前景很好。     

电弧防护服性能测试及影响因素研究

针对电力行业电弧引发的事故,电弧防护服相关标准开始制定并逐步完善。现有电弧防护性能的标准测试方法包括开弧测试和盒式测试,针对不同形式的电弧,测试方式仍在不断发展。电弧防护性能的最常用的衡量指标是电弧热性能值ATPV。对于不同工作场所电弧服的选择是基于对工作现场的危害评级。最后文章总结了电弧防护服性能影响因素的研究,包括电弧防护性、热湿舒适性和作业适应性。未来的电弧防护服的开发会朝向更安全、低成本、更舒适的方向进行。     

废弃炉渣用于灰水过滤的试验研究

介绍了利用锅炉炉渣有效去除灰水中灰粒的试验方法，试验发现，炉渣直径和灰水流速直接影响去除效率。     

酒钢焦化厂焦炉地下室通风降温技术改造探讨

介绍了酒钢焦化厂焦炉地下室通风降温技术改造成果。通过参数确定、方案对比,采用了通风降温技术措施,效桌明显,改善了职工的作业环境,保护了工人的身体健康。     

高价值综合利用攀钢钛矿渣的途径─－利用提钛后残渣生产复合水泥与少熟料水泥

本文较系统地研究了提钛后的残渣、矿渣、熟料、激化剂等因素对复合水泥与少熟料水泥强度的影响；找出了利用提钛后的残渣生产复合水泥与少熟料水泥生产的最佳条件，并对复合水泥和少熟料水泥的性能进行了初步探索。试验数据表明，利用提钛后残渣可生产５２５￣＃复合水泥和４２５￣＃少熟料水泥，工业废渣利用率可达７０％。     

Ecotoxicological implications of aquatic disposal of coal combustion residues in the United States: a review

We provide an overview of research related to environmental effects of disposal of coal combustion residues (CCR) in sites in the United States. Our focus is on aspects of CCR that have the potential to negatively influence aquatic organisms and thehealth of aquatic ecosystems. We identify major issues of concern, as well as areas in need of further investigation.Intentional or accidental release of CCR into aquatic systemshas generally been associated with deleterious environmental effects. A large number of metals and trace elements are presentin CCR, some of which are rapidly accumulated to high concentrations by aquatic organisms. Moreover, a variety of biological responses have been observed in organisms following exposure to and accumulation of CCR-related contaminants. In some vertebrates and invertebrates, CCR exposure has led to numerous histopathological, behavioral, and physiological (reproductive, energetic, and endocrinological) effects. Fish kills and extirpation of some fish species have been associatedwith CCR release, as have indirect effects on survival and growth of aquatic animals mediated by changes in resource abundance or quality. Recovery of CCR-impacted sites can be extremely slow due to continued cycling of contaminants withinthe system, even in sites that only received CCR effluents forshort periods of time. The literature synthesis reveals important considerations for future investigations of CCR-impacted sites. Many studies have examined biological responses to CCR with respect to Se concentrations and accumulation because of teratogenic andreproductively toxic effects known to be associated with thiselement. However, the complex mixture of metals and traceelements characteristic of CCR suggests that biologicalassessments of many CCR-contaminated habitats should examine avariety of inorganic compounds in sediments, water, and tissuesbefore causation can be linked to individual CCR components. Most evaluations of effects of CCR in aquatic environments havefocused on lentic systems and the populations of animalsoccupying them. Much less is known about CCR effects in loticsystems, in which the contaminants may be transported downstream,diluted or concentrated in downstream areas, and accumulated bymore transient species. Although some research has examinedaccumulation and effects of contaminants on terrestrial and avianspecies that visit CCR-impacted aquatic sites, more extensiveresearch is also needed in this area. Effects in terrestrial orsemiaquatic species range from accumulation and maternal transferof elements to complete recruitment failure, suggesting that CCReffects need to be examined both within and outside of theaquatic habitats into which CCR is released. Requiring specialattention are waterfowl and amphibians that use CCR-contaminatedsites during specific seasons or life stages and are highlydependent on aquatic habitat quality during those periods.Whether accidentally discharged into natural aquatic systems or present in impoundments that attract wildlife, CCR appears topresent significant risks to aquatic and semiaquatic organisms. Effects may be as subtle as changes in physiology or as drasticas extirpation of entire populations. When examined as a whole,research on responses of aquatic organisms to CCR suggests thatreducing the use of disposal methods that include an aquaticslurry phase may alleviate some environmental risks associatedwith the waste products.     

NH4NO3-Pd(NO3)2联合基体改进剂石墨炉法测海水中痕量镉

用NH4NO3-Pd(NO3)联合基体改进剂,石墨炉法直接测海水中痕量镉.通过不同条件的实验,确定了最佳的分析条件;并通过对实际样品平行性和加标回收率的测定,验证了方法的精密度和准确度.建立了空白实验,在0.19～5.0μg/L线性范围内,镉的最低检出限为0.19μg/L.实验结果表明,该方法快速方便,提高了分析效率,准确度高,精密度好.