利用改性钒钛钢渣和飞灰吸附模拟烟气中的Hg0

固体废弃物钒钛钢渣(VTS)、飞灰(FA)含有Fe、V、Ti等可促进Hg0氧化吸附的过渡金属氧化物,为提高VTS吸附Hg0性能、改性FA的抗硫特性,利用蒸汽活化、浸渍FeCl₃方法改性FA/VTS、FA/CaO,在固定吸附床上研究了不同改性方法、反应温度(T)、烟气ρ(SO₂)和ρ(HCl)对η(吸Hg0效率)的影响. 结果表明:蒸汽活化对提高η的作用有限. 经浸渍FeCl₃方法改性的FA/VTS,其η显著提高,在200 ℃下,吸附20 min时可达93%,吸附10 h后的Q(吸附容量)为0.42 mg/g;而浸渍FeCl₃方法改性的FA/CaO,其η随温度呈先升后降趋势,在120 ℃、吸附20 min时达到最高(74%). SO₂抑制Hg0的吸附,但FA/VTS的抗硫性能较FA/CaO有显著提高,具有低温抗硫吸附Hg0的潜势,可能与VTS中Ti的质量分数高有关. HCl可促进Hg0的吸附,在ρ(HCl)为30 mg/m3条件下,浸渍FeCl₃方法改性的FA/VTS吸附2 h的η在90%以上. 研究表明,经FeCl₃浸渍改性的FA/VTS是较好的Hg0吸附剂,具有实际应用的潜势.      

Sustainability measurement of product-service systems: Brazilian case studies about electric car-sharing

Modifying the traditional production system and the culture of consumption is necessary to achieve a sustainable society. The product-service system (PSS) business model allows companies to progressively add services to physical products, thus promoting more pro-sustainable business outcomes. The purpose of this work is to verify how a PSS model can contribute to sustainability by analyzing two electric car-sharing projects using a set of five factors. As a methodological strategy, a Systematic Literature Review and a case study of the two projects (VAMO and EMOTIVE) were performed. Findings show benefits generated by both projects as to environmental aspects, mainly related to gases emission. It was also possible to observe social benefits due to income development and environmental awareness. This paper thus contributes to the discussion of the potential of the PSS models and how they can leverage business models toward a more sustainable society. Although the results are applicable only in this case, this article can motivate new projects and contribute to enriching the debate about sustainable solutions, as the literature in this field still provides few case studies showing these types of applications.     

烟尘在线监测开发与应用

针对监测数据反馈时间长,不利于指导生产的问题,实施了球团厂烟尘在线监测系统,实现了监测数据及时反馈并用于指导生产过程控制和除尘设施维护,取得良好效果。     

粉煤灰基吸附剂对模拟废水中Cd2+的吸附性能

以粉煤灰为原料、Na2CO3为助熔剂,采用盐熔融—水浴结晶法制备粉煤灰基吸附剂。探讨了吸附剂的最佳制备条件及其对模拟废水中Cd2+的最佳吸附条件、吸附动力学和吸附机理。实验结果表明:制备吸附剂的最佳工艺条件为m(粉煤灰)∶m(Na2CO3)为1∶2,焙烧温度为450℃;采用最佳制备工艺条件下制备的吸附剂(记作2-450℃-FA吸附剂),在初始Cd2+质量浓度为300 mg/L、初始溶液pH为7.7、振荡时间为120 min的条件下,对模拟废水中Cd2+的去除率为98.0%。2-450℃-FA吸附剂对Cd2+的吸附主要受颗粒内扩散控制,吸附过程可用准二级吸附动力学方程很好地描述。Ea为77.22 kJ/mol,吸附过程主要为化学吸附。     

凌钢1号、2号高炉出铁场除尘工程

1、2号高炉出铁场除尘工程是一项工业污染治理项目,该项目结合凌钢实际,利用较少的投资,解决了多年困扰炼铁厂的炉前烟尘污染问题,改善了出铁场的烟尘污染状况,同时回收的粉尘又有极高的利用价值,取得了一定的经济效益.     

HPF(高通数字滤波器)的电网谐波检测技术的研究与应用

为有效地消除电力谐波污染、确保电网运行安全,必须采用有源电力滤波技术;为改善有源电力滤波器的性能,必须采取先进的谐波检测方法、高效的逆变技术。笔者在研究有源电力滤波技术的基础上,对有源电力滤波的关键技术即谐波检测与分离技术,进行了探讨和深入研究,给出了一种HPF(高通数字滤波器)的谐波检测与分离方法,进行了理论验算,利用MATLAB仿真结果对该检测技术进行实验研究。仿真和实验结果表明:该法比常用的LPF(低通数字滤波器LowPassDigitalFilter)的谐波检测分离方法具有更好的检测实时性;在电网电压有畸变时也能达到很高的检测精度;该检测技术应用于混合有源电力滤波器后能大大改善滤波性能。     

四川原煤及其废渣与制品放射性的测试分析

本文介绍了四川原煤及其废渣与制品的γ辐射剂量率、附加γ辐射人均年有效剂量量。同时,用低本底Ge(Li)多道γ能谱仪测定了原煤、矸粉与矸砖,煤渣与煤渣砖、粉煤灰及粘土砖等样品中的天然放射性核素~(238)U,~(232)Th,~(226)Ra,~(40)K的比活度。经比较和研究,找出了这些物质的放射性水平及它们彼此之间的规律。     

城市电动汽车规模化发展的大气环境影响研究

发展电动汽车被认为是有效缓解城市交通污染的重要措施,但大规模的电动汽车发展不仅有增加电力部门排放的风险,而且可能影响电网运营的稳定性。本研究以南京市为例,综合应用充电行为模式调研、蒙特卡洛模拟、COPERT模型、排放因子法等方法,系统研究了私家车、出租车和公交车三种类型电动汽车的充电特征及其对区域交通和电力部门排放的影响。结果表明,当三种车型的电动化率分别达到50%、100%和100%时,城市的NOx、PM_(2.5)、CO、VOCs和CO_2排放量将分别比基准情景减少378t、305t、20 223t、3649t和480万t。但是,SO_2排放增加了1152t,并且导致南京市电网的夏季峰值负荷增加10%。为更好地改善中国城市环境空气质量,应综合考虑电动汽车有序充电、协同促进清洁电力等发展策略,最大限度地实现电动汽车的环境效益。     

Influence of DC electric and magnetic fields on silicon solar cells/modules

ABSTRACT

In this study, the impact of DC electric and magnetic fields on the output power, open-circuit voltage, and photocurrent density of a silicon photovoltaic (PV) cell/module is assessed. In this regard, the influence of DC electric and magnetic fields is first evaluated in theory by formulating and discussing related basis and concepts. Then, experimental measurements and data obtained from two different sets of experiments are given that verify theoretical results. In theory and practice, it is shown that depending on the direction of a DC electric field applied to a silicon PV cell/module, it causes an increase or reduction in the output power and open-circuit voltage of the PV cell/module. In detail, when the DC electric field points in the direction of the junction electric field of the PV cell(s), the output power and open-circuit voltage of the silicon PV cell/module increase, otherwise the output power and open-circuit voltage decrease. Regarding the magnetic field, it is proved that depending on the direction of a DC magnetic field applied to a silicon PV cell/module, different effects are observed. In detail, when the DC magnetic field points along the junction electric field of the PV cell(s), it has no effect on the output power and open-circuit voltage of the silicon PV cell/module. But, the output power and open-circuit voltage of the silicon PV cell/module decrease when the DC magnetic field points in the other directions. Moreover, the reduction in the output power and open-circuit voltage reaches its peak when the DC magnetic field is applied in the direction perpendicular to the junction electric field.     

Smart city data architecture for energy prosumption in municipalities: concepts,requirements, and future directions

ABSTRACT

Big data is gaining visibility and importance, and its use is attaining higher levels of influence within municipalities. Due to this proliferation smart cities are posed to deploy architectures toward managing energy for Electric Vehicles (EV) and orchestrate the production, consumption, and distributing of energy from renewable sources such as solar, wind etc. in communities also known as prosumption. In smart city domain, Enterprise Architecture (EA) can be employed to facilitate alignment between municipality goals and the direction of the city in relation to Information Technology (IT) that supports stakeholders within the city. Hence, the alignment between IT and goals of the city is a critical process to support the continued growth and improvement of city services and energy sustainability. However, despite several research effort focused on data architecture in smart city, there have been few studies aimed at exploring how EA can be applied in smart cities to support residential buildings and EV for energy prosumption in municipalities. Therefore, this study conducts an extensive review and develops an architecture that can be employed in smart city domain based on big data management for energy prosumption in residential buildings and EV. Furthermore, secondary data was employed to present a case study to show the applications of the developed architecture in promoting energy prosumption. Findings suggest that the architecture provides interoperable open real-time, online, and historical data in facilitating energy prosumption. Respectively, this study offers exchange of data for sharing energy resources and provides insights to improve energy prosumption services.