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11.
Microcystin-RR (MC-RR) has been suggested to induce apoptosis in tobacco BY-2 cells through mitochondrial dysfunction including the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential . TO further elucidate the mechanisms involved in MC-RR induced apoptosis in tobacco BY-2 cells, we have investigated the role of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) as a potential source for reactive oxygen species (ROS). Tobacco BY-2 cells after exposure to MC-RR (60 mg/L) displayed apoptotic changes in association with an increased production of ROS and loss of Am. All of these adverse effects were significantly attenuated by ETC inhibitors including Rotenone (2 μmol/L, complex I inhibitor) and antimycin A (0.01 μmol/L, complex III inhibitor), but not by thenoyltrifluoroacetone (S μmol/L, complex Ⅱinhibitor). These results suggest that rnitochondrial ETC plays a key role in mediating MC-RR induced apoptosis in tobacco BY-2 cells through an increased mitochondrial production of ROS. 相似文献
12.
The contribution of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) to immobilisation of Cd in substrate was studied in two experiments. In the first experiment, substrates prepared by cultivating tobacco, either non-mycorrhizal or inoculated with the AM fungus Glomus intraradices were enriched with a range of Cd concentrations, and Cd toxicity in the substrates was assessed using root growth tests with lettuce as a test plant. The tests revealed lower Cd toxicity in the mycorrhizal than in the non-mycorrhizal substrate, and the difference increased with increasing total Cd concentration in the substrates. In the second experiment, extraradical mycelium (ERM) of G. intraradices exposed in vivo to Cd was collected and analysed on Cd concentration. The ERM accumulated 10–20 times more Cd per unit of biomass than tobacco roots. While Cd concentrations were lower in the biomass of mycorrhizal plants than of non-mycorrhizal plants, Cd immobilisation by ERM did not affect the total Cd content in mycorrhizal tobacco.
It is concluded that mycorrhiza may decrease Cd toxicity to plants by enhancing Cd immobilisation in soil. The results therefore suggest a potential role of AM symbiosis in the phytostabilisation of contaminated soils, where high Cd availability inhibits plant growth. 相似文献
13.
采用UASB-SBR-Fenton法处理中烟废水,最终出水可以达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》的二级排放标准,出水色度大大降低。结果表明:UASB反应器稳定运行时,进水COD质量浓度为8 500 mg/L,出水COD质量浓度为1 500 mg/L,去除率为82%;SBR反应器处理UASB的厌氧出水,进水COD质量浓度为1 500 mg/L,出水COD质量浓度为255 mg/L,去除率为83%;取1 LSBR好氧出水,将出水pH值调节至3,投加2.0 g FeSO4催化剂以及10 mL质量分数为30%的双氧水(H2O2),出水COD的质量浓度由255 mg/L变为143 mg/L,去除率为44%。 相似文献
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15.
Nina Kopčić Marija Vuković Domanovac Dajana Kučić Felicita Briški 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(2):323-328
Efficient composting process requires set of adequate parameters among which physical–chemical properties of the composting substrate play the key-role. Combining different types of biodegradable solid waste it is possible to obtain a substrate eligible to microorganisms in the composting process. In this work the composting of apple and tobacco solid waste mixture (1:7, dry weight) was explored. The aim of the work was to investigate an efficiency of biodegradation of the given mixture and to characterize incurred raw compost. Composting was conducted in 24 L thermally insulated column reactor at airflow rate of 1.1 L min?1. During 22 days several parameters were closely monitored: temperature and mass of the substrate, volatile solids content, C/N ratio and pH-value of the mixture and oxygen consumption. The composting of the apple and tobacco waste resulted with high degradation of the volatile solids (53.1%). During the experiment 1.76 kg of oxygen was consumed and the C/N ratio of the product was 11.6. The obtained temperature curve was almost a “mirror image” of the oxygen concentration curve while the peak values of the temperature were occurred 9.5 h after the peak oxygen consumption. 相似文献
16.
大量数据表明,烟草在生产加工过程中会产生和排放煤尘、烟草尘、恶臭气体、生产废水、烟草废弃物等各类污染和工业噪声,不仅对生产现场和周边环境造成污染,还会对作业工人造成呼吸道和听力损害及其他疾病危害。卷烟烟气中含有很多危及身体的毒性成分,吸烟场所空气中的尼古丁、颗粒物和有机物浓度均明显高于无烟和禁烟场所。吸烟是导致肺癌的首要危险因素,也是导致慢性阻塞性肺病的主要原因,更是多种癌症、心脑血管疾病等的重要诱因,被动吸烟的危害更为严重,全社会应正确引导烟草的生产和消费,最大可能地减轻烟草对人类造成的危害。 相似文献
17.
Parviz Abdolmaleki Faezeh Ghanati Hassan Sahebjamei Amir Sabet Sarvestani 《The Environmentalist》2007,27(4):435-440
Bio-effects of static magnetic fields on cell growth and cell death have been investigated in suspension-cultured tobacco
cells as undifferentiated, embryonic plant cell model. The cells in their logarithmic growth phase were exposed to static
magnetic field with the magnitudes of 10 mT and 30 mT for 5 h/day. Exposure to static magnetic field ceased the growth and
caused an increase in cell death of exposed tobacco cells compared to those cells which were not treated with the field. Promotion
of cell death was accompanied by a harmonized increase in the activity of peroxidase and increase of lignifcation of cell
walls. 相似文献
18.
Abdel Ghany HA 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2007,29(3):249-255
Radium-226 is a significant source of radon-222 which enters buildings through soil, construction materials or water supply.
When cigarette smoke is present, the radon daughters attach to smoke particles. Thus, the alpha radiation to a smoker’s lungs
from the natural radon daughters is increased because of smoking. To investigate whether the cigarette tobacco itself is a
potential source of indoor radon, the α potential energy exposure level contents of radon (222Rn, 3.82d) and Thoron (220Rn, 55.60s) were measured in 10 different cigarette tobacco samples using CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs).
The results showed that the 222, 220Rn concentrations in these samples ranged from 128 to 266 and 49 to 148 Bqm−3, respectively. The radon concentrations emerged from all investigated samples were significantly higher than the background
level. Also, the annual equivalent doses from the samples were determined. The mean values of the equivalent dose were 3.51
(0.89) and 1.44 (0.08) mSvy−1, respectively. Measurement of the average indoor radon concentrations in 20 café rooms was, significantly, higher than 20
smoking-free residential houses. The result refers to the dual (chemical and radioactive) effect of smoking as a risk factor
for lung cancer. 相似文献
19.
An educational project on biological monitoring of air quality was launched in 2004 to involve about 650 young students (age
6 to 16) from 21 schools of nine municipalities in Tuscany (Central Italy) in active detection of the crucial pollutant ozone
with indicator sensitive tobacco seedlings. Results implied the reading of 9,300 raw biological figures and were fortified
by the data captured by six photometric analysers. Under the guidance of their teachers, the students had several opportunities
to practice with many basic and applied study areas and were initiated into the scientific method in a simple and absorbing
manner. Curiosity and involvement were widespread; a sort of emotional and responsible relationship was developed by several
pupils. Though primarily an educational exercise, the survey introduced a research element and the regional picture of air
pollution that emerged has increased our knowledge of the air quality situation in the area. Biological monitoring of air
quality is a powerful tool to improve the awareness and involvement in key topics of environmental education. In addition,
it represents a crucial element for improving the awareness of problems and implies the active participation of citizens in
the assessment of several indicators of the state of the environment. Its potential as a robust implement in landscape and
urban planning is noteworthy. 相似文献
20.
采用HPLC法测定烟叶和烟田土壤样品中盐酸吗啉胍的残留,通过对样品前处理条件和仪器测定条件进行优化,使该方法在0.100 mg/L~10.0 mg/L范围内线性良好。烟田土壤、鲜烟叶、烤后烟叶中盐酸吗啉胍的方法检出限分别为32.1μg/kg、22.9μg/kg、46.5μg/kg,空白样品3个质量比水平的加标回收率为79.4%~93.8%,RSD为5.7%~12.3%。将该方法用于研究盐酸吗啉胍在烟叶和烟田土壤中的消解动态,得知盐酸吗啉胍在烟叶中的消解半衰期为24.76 d~27.73 d,在烟田土壤中为13.41 d~16.23 d。 相似文献