国内外“食”旅游:“Food Tourism”“美食旅游”“饮食旅游”研究比较

基于文献研究法,对国内外1996—2020年721篇文献进行了梳理、归纳与总结,从年度载文量、来源期刊类型、基金项目资助等入手,比较了国内外“食”旅游:“Food Tourism”“美食旅游”“饮食旅游”的研究现状、热点及进展。结果表明:①国外“食”旅游研究已进入成熟阶段,国内正处拓展阶段。②国内外均采用定性与定量相结合的研究方法,国内以定性分析为主,而定量方法相对简单,国外定量方法趋于多元化、复杂化。③国内学者对“美食旅游”“饮食旅游”分别进行了研究。④文献研究得知,韩国“食”旅游研究对全球“食”旅游研究贡献巨大。     

试述《野生动物保护法》的修改

《野生动物保护法》施行三十余年,对于促进野生动物保护起着至关重要的作用.然而,在新冠肺炎疫情的冲击下,其中的部分内容显露出不足,全国人大常委会出台的《决定》可以应一时之急,但最根本的办法是对《野生动物保护法》进行修改.通过对现行法律的考察,检视《野生动物保护法》在立法理念、监管职能以及法律责任等方面存在的问题,并提出相...     

Models of withdrawing renewable and non-renewable resources based on Odum's energy systems theory and Daly's quasi-sustainability principle

This paper presents a theoretical model of withdrawing resources based on Odum's energy systems diagrams. According to the theory of a general pulsing principle, withdrawing resources changes in time shifting from the initial phases of growth and maturity to the phases of descent and low energy restoration. A simulation was performed in order to hypothesize potential future trends of withdrawing renewable and non-renewable resources and to show some aspects of their sustainability–unsustainability, respectively. According to Odum's theory, after the rapid growth of the last century, our civilization is living in a climax transition phase and it is now approaching a descent phase. A “way down” will be necessary due to the exhaustion of non-renewable and to the limited use of renewable resources. An integrated “renew–non-renew” model was developed by Odum to show how a “business as usual” trend will bring us to a drastic transition to a world that uses scarce renewable resources. Nevertheless, a different choice is possible, based on Daly's concept of quasi-sustainability that can inspire a new model. The latter argued that the exploitation of a non-renewable resource must be paired with a compensating investment in a renewable substitute. Our model shows that we can use non-renewable resources better to considerably improve our capacity of capturing renewable resources in the future. We present this as a necessary condition to address a sustainable environmental policy.     

邻避补偿机制的地方实践与思考 ——以环保基础设施为例

当前,因环保基础设施建设或运营引发的环境邻避事件呈高发频发态势。而邻避补偿具有利益调节和再分配功能,成为缓解公众邻避情绪、削减邻避冲突的重要政策手段。本文以环保基础设施为重点,研究邻避补偿机制的内涵,分析国内开展邻避补偿的进展情况和存在的突出问题等,并提出相关建议:加快建设邻避补偿政策体系;创新邻避补偿方式方法;将邻避补偿纳入项目决策环节;推动建立多方参与的协商机制;建立有效的监督机制等。     

福建“金三角”经济区域综合防灾策略研究

以海峡西岸闽南“金三角”经济区(简称为“西岸金三角”)为对象,重点针对该区地理位置、地形地貌、水文地质、文化传统、交通布局和城市规则等方面的主要特征,总结、分析和研究灾害的主要类型、已灾教训和潜在危险及其趋势;经系统研究,预测未来灾害的基本形式;着重分析未来灾害出现的可能性及其损失程度;从区域基本建设角度出发,科学地提出了防灾、减灾、救灾,乃至重建及其预警的主要举措和基本策略,特别提出了数字区域、信息档案、安全规划、应急预警等先进、科学和合理的理念、方法、技术和措施在区域综合防灾中的应用。为工程实践、经济计划、投资决策和规划管理提供科学依据。     

报废迫击炮弹烧毁处理

主要介绍了迫击炮弹烧毁的现状和流程,分析了典型迫击炮弹内部炸药的性质。并重点以53式82迫杀伤榴弹为例,详细介绍了其烧毁的具体步骤。同时指出了迫击炮弹烧毁的发展方向,为进一步处理好报废迫击炮弹的烧毁问题提供了必要依据。     

超声波处理活性污泥细胞破壁脱水研究

利用超声波破碎活性污泥中的细胞壁,使细胞的胞液渗出,达到污泥干化的目的。通过研究利用超声波处理剩余活性污泥的原理,不同条件因素对处理效果的影响,以及处理后活性污泥性质的改变情况。将来,随着科学技术的发展和对超声波技术研究的深入,利用超声波处理活性污泥的方法将日趋成熟。超声波作为一种清洁的手段一定会广泛应用于废水的处理工程中,为经济的持续发展和资源环境的保护服务。     

三岔型枢纽互通事故高发匝道的形成机制与安全提升研究*

为研究高速公路三岔型互通右转匝道车辆事故的发生机制,以宜宾至叙永高速公路双桥枢纽互通为对象,运用Carsim/trucksim软件建立事故匝道的三维数字模型,模拟小客车和货柜车的运行过程,设置3种不同工况,对车辆在匝道上的动力学特性进行分析。结果表明:行驶速度升高会导致匝道路段的车辆横向偏离增大,发生侧滑或侧翻的几率增加;充分制动距离是保证车辆安全通过匝道受限路段的重要因素,货车需要更长的制动距离;道路视觉环境是影响驾驶人速度选择行为的重要因素,匝道路段与高速公路主线行驶环境的高度近似,导致驾驶人选择较高的速度进入匝道,部分车辆在小半径弯道之前无法将速度降低至安全速度,进而发生事故。本文运用行车动力学仿真和驾驶人视觉手段,在驾驶行为层面分析事故的形成机制,进而提出安全提升措施,可为匝道线形设计和交通运行管理提供科学依据。     

基于系统基模的甘肃白银“5·22”越野马拉松事件分析*

为系统研究越野马拉松产业快速发展背后的安全问题,以甘肃白银“5·22”越野马拉松事件为例,采用系统基模工具,构建“5·22”越野马拉松事件系统中企业方、政府方和个体方3方主体行为模式的因果循环回路,并进行系统致因分析。研究结果表明:“5·22”越野马拉松事件是运营企业、政府职能部门、参赛者和志愿者行为逻辑偏差造成共同回应机制失衡的结果,基于此提出同类事件中主体因素的长期杠杆解,为企业安全文化建设、制定相匹配的安全保障制度和完善的个体组织参与机制,指出要解决安全问题必须降低杠杆解的时滞效应,实现杠杆解之间的正反馈机制。     

A CFD based explosion risk analysis methodology using time varying release rates in dispersion simulations

A full probabilistic Explosion Risk Analysis (ERA) is commonly used to establish overpressure exceedance curves for offshore facilities. This involves modelling a large number of gas dispersion and explosion scenarios. Capturing the time dependant build up and decay of a flammable gas cloud size along with its shape and location are important parameters that can govern the results of an ERA. Dispersion simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are generally carried out in detailed ERA studies to obtain these pieces of information. However, these dispersion simulations are typically modelled with constant release rates leading to steady state results. The basic assumption used here is that the flammable gas cloud build up rate from these constant release rate dispersion simulations would mimic the actual transient cloud build up rate from a time varying release rate. This assumption does not correctly capture the physical phenomena of transient gas releases and their subsequent dispersion and may lead to very conservative results. This in turn results in potential over design of facilities with implications on time, materials and cost of a project.In the current work, an ERA methodology is proposed that uses time varying release rates as an input in the CFD dispersion simulations to obtain the fully transient flammable gas cloud build-up and decay, while ensuring the total time required to perform the ERA study is also reduced. It was found that the proposed ERA methodology leads to improved accuracy in dispersion results, steeper overpressure exceedance curves and a significant reduction in the Design Accidental Load (DAL) values whilst still maintaining some conservatism and also reducing the total time required to perform an ERA study.