基于EIS的航空涂层老化研究

选用当量加速试验0~9周期的聚氨酯涂层试样进行电化学阻抗(EIS)测试。通过聚氨酯涂层的电化学信息,判断涂层表面、内部和金属基体的腐蚀状况,研究聚氨酯涂层的老化失效机制。     

振动环境试验中应注意问题分析

为了使振动试验具有高的再现性,试验的结果可信度高,防止因试验设备、人为操作失误而造成试验结果出现偏差。对振动试验中影响试验结果的因素进行了简要的说明,并对试验中应注意的问题进行了描述。     

Is carbon dioxide emission convergence in the ten largest economies?

This study applies stationary test with a flexible Fourier function proposed by Enders and Lee (Enders, W. and J. Lee. 2012. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 74:574–99) to test the validity of carbon dioxide emission to assess its convergence, and the rationality of the existing policies in the 10 largest economies of the world. We find that our approximation has higher power to detect smooth breaks than the linear method, as the true data generating process of carbon dioxide emission convergence is in fact a stationary nonliner process. We examine the validity of carbon dioxide emission from the nonlinear point of view and provide robust evidence that clearly indicates that carbon dioxide emission is convergence in most countries, not depending on their development pattern. It implies that the existing policies in most countries are rational, and the United States, Japan, and Germany need more efforts in reducing the carbon dioxide emission.     

Interactions between energy consumption,international trade,and real income in Canada: An empirical investigation from a new version of the Solow growth model

This study investigates the empirical relationship between energy consumption, international trade, and real income in Canada which has an important role in global energy and trade. It employs bound tests to level relationships and conditional error correction models through ARDL specification to a new version of the Solow Growth model. Using annual data of the 1960–2010 period, results reveal a long-term relationship between energy consumption, international trade, and real income in Canada. It is also found that energy exporting activity is the determinant (driver) of energy consumption through the channel of real income and energy consumption is the determinant (driver) of exports through the channel of real income in the long term of the Canadian economy. Exports and energy use are the determinants (drivers) of real income in the long term of the Canadian economy; therefore, as conditional Granger causality tests suggest there is feedback relationship between energy consumption, international trade, and real income in the long term of the Canadian economy. The present study suggests that any energy conservation policies are likely to have negative influence on output and international trade in Canada.     

虚拟仪器在机械振动试验台检测中的应用

本文介绍了基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器的机械式振动试验台检测系统的构成,工作流程和LabVIEW在其中的应用,以此展示虚拟仪器技术使得现代检测系统变得更加简单、方便、有效。     

医用电气设备电源变压器的过载试验

采用电阻法测量医用电气设备电源变压器过载试验时的绕组温升,试验电流和试验时间的选取与熔断器、过流释放器、热断路器等保护装置有关。     

粉末涂料环境试验的重要性及方法

粉末涂料喷涂上工件后,涂层即被赋予了一定的物理化学性能,这些性能在外部自然环境中,经过一段时间会发生哪些变化,涂层最终失去效用要多长时间,哪些因素对涂层的破坏性最强等等,这些都是大家非常关注的。本文简单讨论了粉末涂料环境试验的重要性,介绍了一些实际应用中环境试验的方法及其评级标准。     

桑皮胶质绿色降解方法

桑皮纤维作为天然纤维的新品种,是"绿色纺织品"或"生态纺织品"的典型产品原料,研究桑皮纤维具有重大的理论和实际意义。探讨了桑皮胶质绿色降解方法,探寻出温度、时间、pH值、接种量等条件与残胶率的关系,再通过正交试验确定其最佳工艺条件为:温度37℃、时间22h、pH7.3、接种量12.5%,此时残胶率为13.4%。对胶质降解后的桑皮纤维进行长度、细度、断裂强度性能测试,其长度为35—45mm,细度为3.6—4.0dt,断裂强度为3.71—5.07cN/dt。     

In-vivo passive sampling to measure elimination kinetics in bioaccumulation tests

The application of in-tissue passive sampling to quantify chemical kinetics in fish bioconcentration experiments was investigated. A passive sampler consisting of an acupuncture needle covered with a PDMS tube was developed together with a method for its deployment in rainbow trout. The time to steady state for chemical uptake into the passive sampler was >1 d, so it was employed as a kinetically limited sampler with a deployment time of 2 h. The passive sampler was employed in parallel with the established whole tissue extraction method to study the elimination kinetics of 10 diverse chemicals in rainbow trout. 4-n-nonylphenol and 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol were close to or below the limit of quantification in the sampler. For chlorpyrifos, musk xylene, hexachlorobenzene, 2,5-dichlorobiphenyl and p,p′-DDT, the elimination rate constants determined with the passive sampler method and the established method agreed within 18%. Poorer agreement (35%) was observed for 2,3,4-trichloroanisole and p-diisopropylbenzene because fewer data were obtained with the passive sampling method due to its lower sensitivity. The work shows that in-tissue passive sampling can be employed to measure contaminant elimination kinetics in fish. This opens up the possibility of studying contaminant kinetics in individual fish, thereby reducing the fish requirements and analytical costs for the determination of bioconcentration factors.     

A multi-directional tracer test in the fractured Chalk aquifer of E. Yorkshire, UK

A multi-borehole radial tracer test has been conducted in the confined Chalk aquifer of E. Yorkshire, UK. Three different tracer dyes were injected into three injection boreholes and a central borehole, 25 m from the injection boreholes, was pumped at 330 m(3)/d for 8 days. The breakthrough curves show that initial breakthrough and peak times were fairly similar for all dyes but that recoveries varied markedly from 9 to 57%. The breakthrough curves show a steep rise to a peak and long tail, typical of dual porosity aquifers. The breakthrough curves were simulated using a 1D dual porosity model. Model input parameters were constrained to acceptable ranges determined from estimations of matrix porosity and diffusion coefficient, fracture spacing, initial breakthrough times and bulk transmissivity of the aquifer. The model gave equivalent hydraulic apertures for fractures in the range 363-384 microm, dispersivities of 1 to 5 m and matrix block sizes of 6 to 9 cm. Modelling suggests that matrix block size is the primary controlling parameter for solute transport in the aquifer, particularly for recovery. The observed breakthrough curves suggest results from single injection-borehole tracer tests in the Chalk may give initial breakthrough and peak times reasonably representative of the aquifer but that recovery is highly variable and sensitive to injection and abstraction borehole location. Consideration of aquifer heterogeneity suggests that high recoveries may be indicative of a high flow pathway adjacent, but not necessarily connected, to the injection and abstraction boreholes whereas low recoveries may indicate more distributed flow through many fractures of similar aperture.