二甲基苯蒽和苯并(a)芘对小鼠肝脏金属硫蛋白及氧化损伤的诱导作用

观察两种致癌性多环芳烃化合物二甲基苯蒽（DMBA）和苯并（a)芘（BaP）对小鼠肝脏脂质过氧化产物和金属硫蛋白含量的影响。选用雄性C57BL／OLA129小鼠，观察DMBA和BaP各50mg/kg一次腹腔注射染毒后24、48、72和144h后的动物肝脏重量、金属硫蛋白（MT）含量和脂质过氧化程度的变化。MT测定采用镉－血红蛋白亲和分析法；脂质过氧化指标为硫代巴比妥酸测定丙二醛法。结果表明，DMBA和BaP均能引起小鼠肝脏重量增加、MT含量增加和MDA含量增加。随着DMBA和BaP染毒后的时间延长小鼠肝脏的重量不断增加，呈现时间效应关系。小鼠肝脏MT的含量在染毒后24和48h后明显增加1倍。肝脏MDA的含量增加在染毒后24h后达到高峰。本研究观察到DMBA和Bap可以MT增加。MT的增加与MDA的增加呈现一定平行的关。提示MT诱导可能与多环芳烃化合物所致的氧化损伤有关。     

Postnatal placental confirmation of trisomy 2 and trisomy 16 detected at chorionic villus sampling: A possible association with intrauterine growth retardation and elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein

Detection of trisomy 2 and trisomy 16 mosaicism through chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is not an infrequent finding. We describe here two cases, one of non-mosaic trisomy 2 and the other of high level mosaicism for trisorny 16. Amniocentesis in both cases demonstrated non-mosaic 46,XY karyotypes. Each pregnancy continued to delivery of liveborn, normal-appearing boys; both pregnancies were complicated by severe intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Postnatal studies of placental biopsies in both cases confirmed the original CVS findings, whereas cord blood karyotypes were normal in both boys. Both children have demonstrated adequate catch-up growth.     

True trisomy 15 mosaicism,detected by amniocentesis at 12 weeks of gestation and fetal echocardiography

A case of mosaicism of trisomy 15, with two-thirds of the cells trisomic, was detected at 12 weeks of gestation in amniotic fluid cell cultures obtained with the filtration technique. Ultrasound examination at 13 weeks showed a nodule protruding into the amniotic cavity which was speculated to be remnants of a co-twin, causing the trisomic cell line. At 20 weeks of gestation, a malformation scan (level III) was normal, but supplementary fetal echocardiography revealed a severe cardiac defect (mitral atresia and a ventricular septal defect). Fetal lymphocytes obtained by cordocentesis showed trisomy 15 mosaicism, but only in 5 per cent of the mitoses. After termination, the same percentage of trisomy 15 mosaicism was found in cells from skin and tendon as in the original early amniocentesis. No sign of earlier twinning was found in the placenta or membranes. We conclude that mosaicism in early amniotic fluid obtained by the filter technique in this case reflected the true karyotype accurately and that supplementary echocardiography added significantly to the interpretation of the clinical implications.     

Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18 mosaicism

Trisorny 18 mosaicism was found in multiple primary cultures of amniotic fluid cells and subsequently confirmed by chromosome analysis of several tissues derived from the aborted fetus. The overall frequency of the minority cell line was 25 per cent in the amniotic fluid cultures and 28 per cent in the fetal tissues although much intertissue variations were noted.     

镰刀菌12号固定化细胞降解氰的研究

在镰刀菌12号的培养基中添加氰化物作诱导剂,可显著地提高酶活力,经海藻酸钙固定后相对活性为89.66%。 比较了自然细胞与固定化细胞的某些性质,两种细胞反应的最适温度分别为25—30℃和35—45℃。反应最适pH值为8.0—9.0。固定化细胞较自然细胞热稳定性明显增加。 固定化细胞柱连续处理浓度为500ppm和1000ppmCN-,流速分别为30ml/h和15ml/h,当进水CN-500ppm,连续运转90h,出水CN-<10ppm。     

The use of gamma glutamyl transferase activity in amniotic fluid in the detection of fetal trisomy 21

The value of using gamma glutamyl transferase (GT) to select amniotic fluids for karyotyping from patients at low risk of chromosome defects is assessed. This paper reports on 16 pregnancies with fetal trisomy 21 and compares these to two previous reports of GT in fetal trisomy 21. The value of GT is contrasted to the value of AFP in selecting liquors for karyotyping.     

Trisomy 20 mosaicism in amniotic fluid cells

The significance of trisomy 20 mosaicism in cultured amniotic fluid cells is still confusing. We report a case of amniotic cell normal/trisomy 20 mosaicism diagnosed prenatally. The pregnancy was carried to term and a normal baby girl was delivered. The authors consider that in cases of amniotic fluid cell normal/trisomy 20 mosaicism the termination of pregnancy may not be advised, however, the parents should be fully informed.     

几种生物学指标与生物强化系统降解效率的关系

针对炼油废水生物强化处理系统中有时存在的不稳定造成排水超标的问题,研究了SBR反应器中采用生物强化技术,其细菌数量、脱氢酶、邻苯二酚1,2-双加氧酶(C12O)和邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶(C23O)等关键生物学指标与污染物去除效率的综合对应关系,并运用ERIC-PCR技术研究了运行前后处理系统内微生物群落的变化.结果表明,投加菌剂的生物强化处理系统提高了细菌数量和酶活,使处理效率明显提高.生物强化系统中细菌数量及C23O酶活与污染物去除效率呈正相关关系,且微生物群落结构十分稳定.C12O为一种诱导酶,其酶     

Ultrasonic detection of an abnormal mass in a fetus later shown to have trisomy 18

Ultrasonic examination in a thirty-eight year old woman about to undergo midtrimester amniocentesis suggested an intra-abdominal fetal mass confirmed by amniography. The mass was a grossly distended urinary bladder. The patient aborted spontaneously before chromosome analysis demonstrated a 47,XY, + 18 karyotype.     

狼蛛优势种群的12S rRNA对长期农药胁迫的分子响应

应用12SrRNA基因序列分析探讨了狼蛛优势种群对长期农药胁迫的分子响应机制.研究显示:(1)拟水狼蛛Piratasubpiraticus和拟环纹豹蛛Pardosapseudoannulata在长期农药胁迫下的12SrRNA基因第三结构域序列均发生了明显改变,即碱基组成由315bp和300bp分别减少为301bp和299bp,转换/颠换为17/5和11/10,核苷酸变异百分数达到0.095和0.083,同源性仅分别为85.8%和91.7%;(2)分子水平上表明拟水狼蛛较拟环纹豹蛛对农药的胁迫更为敏感;(3)供试两种狼蛛标本的基因组DNA的4个碱基对中以A和T的变异频率最高,属农药敏感型碱基对;(4)长期农药胁迫下供试两种狼蛛标本的12SrRNA基因片段的共同突变位点规律显示:192～228片段是其农药胁迫的敏感区.图2表3参9