Oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl imidazole for solid phase extraction and preconcentration of some metal ions

In this work, a new procedure for the enrichment of the trace amount of Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, Pb²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Zn²⁺ ions based on the utilization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified with 2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl imidazole as chelating agent prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry has been described. The influence of effective parameters including pH, amount of ligand and MWCNT, composition of eluent, and coexisting ions on recoveries of understudy metal ions was examined. At the optimum pH of 5.0, all metal ions were quantitatively sorbed onto the proposed solid phase and completely desorbed with 8?mL of 5.0?mol?L^?1 HNO₃. The detection limit of Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Pb²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Zn²⁺ ions was 1.7, 2.4, 2.3, 2.9, 2.8, and 1.4?µg?L^?1, while the preconcentration factor was 63 for Cu²⁺ and 94 for the other metal ions and relative standard deviations between 1.8 less than 3.0%. The proposed procedure was applied for the analysis of various samples.     

Determination of cobalt by air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction

Abstract

A rapid and selective technique for extraction, preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of cobalt in water and pharmaceutical samples by air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry is proposed. 1-Nitroso-2-naphthol is used as a complexing agent and 1-octanol as an extraction solvent. Parameters relevant for analytical effectivity, i.e. pH of sample solution, concentration of complexing agent, volume of extraction solvent, and number of extraction cycles are optimized using a Box–Behnken design. At optimum conditions, a dynamic linear range of 5–600?µg L^?1 is obtained, with a limit of detection of 1.2?µg L^?1. The method is used for determination of Co(II) in environmental water and pharmaceutical samples.     

Speciation of heavy metals in suspended particulates in urban air†

An anayltical procedure based on a sequential extraction scheme is applied to samples of suspended particulates from an urban area of Barcelona. This area presents high levels of air pollution owing to automotive emissions and industrial activity.

The procedure allows the partitioning of particulate trace metals into four fractions: soluble and exchangeable, bound to carbonates and iron‐manganese oxides, bound to organic matter and residual. In this work, the chemical associations of Fe, Pb, Cu, Mn, Cr and Cd have been investigated.

In the analysed samples, only the cadmium is predominantly in the first fraction whereas the other metals are largely associated to carbonates and Fe‐Mn oxides.     

SDA脱硫工艺在烧结烟气脱硫中的应用

介绍了沙钢集团4号360 m2烧结机全烟气脱硫项目的工艺选择、脱硫原理、工艺流程及投产后生产情况,通过对生产后运行分析,认为旋转喷雾干燥法(SDA)作为一种新型的脱硫工艺,适合作为烧结烟气脱硫的主工艺进行推广。     

可再生胺法用于烟道气脱硫吸收解吸一体化的研究

以乙二胺-磷酸为吸收脱硫剂,用自制填料塔作为气液相传质设备,对烟道气中的SO2气体进行脱除和再生实验,通过间歇实验和全连续两种操作工艺,研究了一系列单因素实验,考察了乙二胺浓度、液气比、吸收液初始pH、解吸塔底是否通空气以及温度等对实验吸收率和解吸率的影响,最后得到最佳的工艺操作条件:解吸时塔底通空气,乙二胺浓度0.3～0.4 mol/L,吸收液初始pH=7.3～8.0,液气比L/G=1.0,解吸温度为100℃。     

一种pH荧光特性物质的合成及其特性研究

合成并表征了化合物:N,N'-二苯丙氨酸铵-3,4,9,10-苝四羧酸二酰亚胺(PDCDA).研究了pH值变化对其水溶液可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱的影响,探讨了荧光强度变化的机理,并利用PDCDA构建了具有“开-关”特性的pH荧光传感器.结果表明,PDCDA化合物水溶性好、荧光量子产率高,荧光强度与pH值间有着强烈的依赖关系,在碱性及中性溶液中荧光强度较强且稳定,而在酸性溶液中荧光被淬灭,PDCDA在一个非常窄的pH范围内荧光强度发生了明显的变化, pH值的改变对发光团π-π堆积产生影响进而导致其荧光发射光谱和可见吸收光谱发生改变.PDCDA可用作水溶液的pH荧光传感器,检测pH值范围为3.8~6.3.     

半干法烟气脱硫系统中喷水调节阀的控制及选型

喷水流量的控制对半干法脱硫效率至关重要,通过分析喷水调节阀的控制对吸收塔温度的影响,表明该阀流量特性选择的重要性,并提出喷水调节阀的选型及计算方法。     

糠醛废渣制备活性炭对糠醛废水的脱色研究

以水蒸气为活化剂,用热解糠醛废渣制备活性炭,着重研究了所制备的活性炭对糠醛废水的脱色性能. 结果表明:糠醛废渣制备的活性炭对糠醛废水脱色的最佳温度为50 ℃,并且在很短的时间内即可完成,该活性炭与糠醛废水混合搅拌15 min后,脱色率几乎不再变化. 由于采用糠醛废渣制备活性炭的成本较低,可以适当增加活性炭的投加量以提高糠醛废水的脱色率. 当活性炭投加量为10 g/L时,50 ℃条件下搅拌10 min,糠醛废水脱色率可达到86.65%. 经活性炭脱色后的糠醛废水无色、透明,以去离子水为参比溶液测定其吸光度,与自来水相当.      

养殖场饲养鸡对苯并[a]芘的摄入、排泄和积累

在北京市郊区一家中等规模养鸡场采集了不同品种和不同生长阶段的饲养鸡的肌肉和内脏样品,并同步采集了鸡蛋、饲料、粪便和大气样品,测定了其中苯并[a]芘的浓度,据此分析了苯并[a]芘在饲养鸡体内的积累、排泄和代谢的动态过程.结果显示,饲养鸡体内各组织苯并[a]芘的湿重浓度在0.024～0.15ng·g-1之间,肌肉中的浓度显著低于其它组织;饲料和粪便中的浓度显著高于体内各组织浓度.饲养鸡体内摄入的苯并[a]芘约60%在体内代谢,约三分之一直接排泄进入粪便,仅有少量残留在体内如表皮、肌肉和其他器官中.肌肉、肝脏和胃中苯并[a]芘浓度和总累积量的动态变化规律不尽相同.北京居民摄食类似鸡肉导致的对苯并[a]芘的暴露量较春、秋、冬季呼吸暴露量低两个量级,与夏季呼吸暴露量相当.     

Biomass Based Sorption Cooling Systems for Cold Storage Applications

Controlled atmospheric storage is a widely popular technique for storage of fruits and vegetables. In this paper, the experimental studies on biomass powered absorption systems for cold storage applications using ammonia water as a working fluid pair is presented. The heat input to the absorption system is supplied by a producer gas obtained from a downdraft gasifier, using firewood as fuel. The system is designed and fabricated to store about 15 MT of fruits and vegetables, having a cooling capacity of 3 TR. The effect of sink temperature, solution flow rate, cooling water flow rate and biomass consumption on the performance of the system has been analyzed. It is found that the real co-efficient of performance of the system is around 0.35 - 0.2, considering the source-site factor for auxiliary power consumption. The operating Cost/h for the biomass based cold storage system is lower than the presently available conventional compression based units.