山东省地下水位下降引发的灾害及减灾对策

近二十年来山东省经济迅速发展与水资源匮乏的矛盾不断加剧。超量开采地下水导致地下水位持续的急剧下降，其结果引发了地裂缝、地面塌陷、海（咸）水入侵、生态环境恶化等一系列人为自然灾害。本文分析了这些灾害的基本特征并指出解决水资源不足是促进山东省经济持续高速发展并减轻地下水位下降灾害的根本措施。     

Social features of energy production and use in Brazil: Goals for a sustainable energy future

This paper focuses on the social features of ene rgy production and use in Brazil and discusses the role of the energy policy goals of accessibility, affordability and acceptability in defining a sustainable energy future for the country. The major findings are that social inequalities in Brazil regarding energy use continue to be substantial and important. This can be explained by the fact that, although recent decades have seen significant improvements in energy accessibility all over the country, much more needs to be done to provide affordable, and socially acceptable modern energy carriers to all socio‐economic groups in all regions.     

基于绿色GDP核算体系的节能减排政策制定研究

研究介绍了绿色GDP核算的核算框架;阐述了我国开展绿色GDP核算的现实意义,认为我国开展绿色GDP核算是必要且可行的;讨论了将绿色GDP核算体系作为节能减排政策制定依据的应用模式,认为绿色GDP核算能够有效地促进节能减排政策制定.     

盘锦芦苇湿地生态系统演替的能值分析

采用奥德姆能值分析理论和方法,以辽宁省盘锦芦苇湿地为例,对1968～2008年间芦苇湿地生态系统演替进行评价分析。提出了优化和保护芦苇湿地生态系统结构的方略,以达到保护芦苇湿地,促进湿地资源有效利用和可持续发展的目的。     

新疆能源矿产资源开发补偿机制研究

新疆能源矿产资源丰富,但资源优势并未有效转化为经济优势,资源开发的负外部性问题严重。文章分析探讨了新疆矿产资源开发对经济发展的贡献,以及资源开发对生态环境造成的影响,在分析新疆现行的能源矿产资源补偿机制、其补偿作用以及存在问题的基础上,调查分析了新疆建立能源矿产资源生态补偿机制的基础和条件,提出建立和完善新疆矿产资源开发利益补偿体系的对策建议。     

浅谈环境监察部门如何促进低碳经济发展

随着经济的发展、人们生产方式和生活方式的盲目的高标准、无节制,二氧化碳的排放量呈逐年递增的趋势,致使臭氧层受到严重破坏,灾难性的气候变化在全球屡屡出现,已严重地危害了人类的生存和健康.低碳经济倡导以较少的温室气体排放实现经济发展为目标,它主要强调经济发展与环境保护能否协调发展.     

关于煤粉工业锅炉的技术分析与政策思考

在技术进步和政策的推动下,煤粉工业锅炉的应用正在形成高潮,但存在技术上的不实宣传和推广政策偏向问题。为使该技术能健康和可持续地发展,本文针对该锅炉的效率、污染物排放、制粉配送、风险和经济效益以及推广政策等方面,做了较深入的研究。研究认为该锅炉有高效节煤、SO2和NOx排放总量下降、集中配送煤粉和锅炉房干净等优点,值得推广;但因粉尘排放总量和浓度上升,综合环保效果处于劣势,同时存在电耗较大、煤源要求苛刻、煤粉储运和使用有风险,及经济效益不确定等问题,因此必须根据全面的技术、环境和经济评价,因地制宜地推广。建议政府采取具体措施,如资助布局优质煤粉供应点,以节能减排实效为资助的依据,鼓励专业锅炉制造厂参与研发和竞争,制定地方和国家有关煤粉工业锅炉的制造、用煤和污染物排放等标准,使该技术不断完善,可持续地发展。     

Does the energy labelling system for domestic tumble dryers serve its purpose?

Tumble dryers sold on the market today are labelled according to their energy efficiency. This labelling system has primarily two purposes: to guide buyers to a product with low energy use, lower cost and lower environmental impact and to encourage producers to develop even more energy-efficient products. Tumble dryers are optimized for their maximum capacity, which is used as the standard load for determining the energy label. Three different tumble dryers have been tested with different drying loads. Results indicate that all the tested tumble dryers have significantly lower energy efficiency when drying small loads. In order to encourage the development of tumble dryers with high energy efficiency at drying loads used in ordinary households, the standards for the energy labelling system should be revised.     

Do energy prices influence investment in energy efficiency? Evidence from energy star appliances

I examine whether electricity prices influence the likelihood that consumers purchase high efficiency appliances by using state-year panel data on electricity prices and the proportion of sales of new appliances that involve high efficiency “Energy Star” models. I find no evidence that electricity prices affect the propensity for consumers to choose high efficiency appliances. Point estimates are extremely small and precisely estimated. The findings suggest that price-based energy policies may be limited in the extent to which they increase investment in residential energy efficiency, which has been considered one of the lowest cost opportunities for reducing carbon emissions.