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111.
为深入研究电气火灾中护套线因过电流诱发短路故障的转化过程,搭建RVVB护套线过电流诱发短路故障电路,统计短路发生概率,借助高速影像,获取短路发生的时间和次数,分析护套线起火燃烧过程.结果表明:在过电流故障发生1 h内,I≤16 A时护套线仅线芯发热、绝缘炭化,无法诱发短路;I=24 A时护套线发生短路概率为40%,在9... 相似文献
112.
Christian Brandstätter David Laner Roman Prantl Johann Fellner 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(12):2537-2547
Municipal solid waste landfills pose a threat on environment and human health, especially old landfills which lack facilities for collection and treatment of landfill gas and leachate. Consequently, missing information about emission flows prevent site-specific environmental risk assessments. To overcome this gap, the combination of waste sampling and analysis with statistical modeling is one option for estimating present and future emission potentials. Optimizing the tradeoff between investigation costs and reliable results requires knowledge about both: the number of samples to be taken and variables to be analyzed.This article aims to identify the optimized number of waste samples and variables in order to predict a larger set of variables. Therefore, we introduce a multivariate linear regression model and tested the applicability by usage of two case studies. Landfill A was used to set up and calibrate the model based on 50 waste samples and twelve variables. The calibrated model was applied to Landfill B including 36 waste samples and twelve variables with four predictor variables.The case study results are twofold: first, the reliable and accurate prediction of the twelve variables can be achieved with the knowledge of four predictor variables (Loi, EC, pH and Cl). For the second Landfill B, only ten full measurements would be needed for a reliable prediction of most response variables. The four predictor variables would exhibit comparably low analytical costs in comparison to the full set of measurements. This cost reduction could be used to increase the number of samples yielding an improved understanding of the spatial waste heterogeneity in landfills.Concluding, the future application of the developed model potentially improves the reliability of predicted emission potentials. The model could become a standard screening tool for old landfills if its applicability and reliability would be tested in additional case studies. 相似文献
113.
114.
介绍位于纽约州北汉姆斯特城的PortWashington城市固体废弃物填埋场填埋气体的排放、监测和处理系统及其有关测试数据和从中得到的启示. 相似文献
115.
Liquid household hazardous wastes in the United States: Identification,disposal, and management plan
David K. Robertson Jude Akagha Jon Belasco Jane Bullis Gloria Byrne Joan Di Patria Wayne Fisher James Fonzino Jeffrey Hsu Lucy Merchan David Oster Jon Rosenberg Sabine Von Aulock Barry Vroeginday 《Environmental management》1987,11(6):735-742
Present methods of disposal of today's hazardous household chemicals in the United States are frequently not acceptable because of pathways to groundwater, surface water, and the atmosphere. This report identifies potentially hazardous liquid waste in the household, notes current disposal practices, and recommends an improved management plan that utilizes consumer education, manufacturer cooperation, and governmental intervention. Laws requiring uniform disposal labeling on packaging are critical. Local, county, and state governments must be encouraged to coordinate the necessary infrastructure. Managing hazardous household wastes now will mitigate potential disposal problems. 相似文献
116.
Kotaro Minomo Nobutoshi Ohtsuka Kiyoshi Nojiri Yasundo Kurata Masafumi Karaushi Yugo Isobe 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(1):73-81
In this study, we propose an analytical method to determine the fourteen of azaarenes present in flue gas samples collected
according to Japanese Industrial Standard K 0311, which designates the method for the determination of dioxins in flue gas.
Azaarenes can be analyzed using the acidic water phase after shaking extraction with dichloromethane, which is unnecessary
for dioxin analysis. Flue gas samples were obtained from 24 waste incinerators in Japan, and azaarenes were detected in all
the flue gas samples (0.21–3800 μg/m3
N). The most abundant of the detected compounds were quinoline and isoquinoline. The concentration of azaarenes had a tendency
to increase with that of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. The isomer distribution of heptachloro-dibenzofurans (HpCDFs) was calculated using the computed
Gibbs energy of formation (ΔG
f
) obtained by the semiempirical molecular orbital method at various temperatures. The calculated isomer distribution was fitted
to the measured value of HpCDFs. It seems that the temperature obtained from the fitting calculations is an indicator of the
cooling capacity of the combustion gas in an incinerator. The computed ΔG
f
also explained the measured isomer distributions of azaarenes. It is suggested that the isomer distribution of azaarenes
in the combustion process is thermodynamically controlled.
This work was presented in part at the International Conference on Combustion, Incineration/Pyrolysis, and Emission Control,
2006, Kyoto 相似文献
117.
R. AndrewsAuthor VitaeJ.M. PearceAuthor Vitae 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(13):1446-1454
As the economic costs of energy and the negative externalities associated with the combustion of fossil fuels threaten the economic viability of greenhouses in northern climates there is a renewed interest in the use of waste heat. This paper presents a technical and economic methodology to determine the viability of establishing waste heat greenhouses using the waste heat from industrial processes in northern climates. A case study is presented of an exchange between a tomato greenhouse and a flat glass manufacturing plant, which found the waste heat system is significantly more economic to operate than a purely natural gas system. 相似文献
118.
Pre-concentration and separation of heavy metal ions by chemically modified waste paper gel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Iminodiacetic acid was immobilized on waste paper by chemical modification in order to develop a new type of adsorption gel for heavy metal ions. Adsorption behavior of the gel was investigated for a number of metal ions, specifically Cu(II), Pb(II), Fe(III), Ni(II), Cd(II), and Co(II) at acidic pH. From batch adsorption tests, the order of selectivity was found to be as follows: Cu(II) Fe(III) > Pb(II) > Ni(II) Co(II) > Cd(II). Column tests were carried out for pairs of metal ions to understand the separation and pre-concentration behavior of the gel. It was found that mutual separation of Ni(II) from Co(II) and that of Pb(II) from Cd(II) can be achieved at pH 3. Similarly, selective separation of Cu(II) from Cu(II)–Fe(III) and Cu(II)–Pb(II) mixtures at pH 1.5 and 2, respectively, was observed by using this new adsorption gel. In all cases, almost complete recovery of the adsorbed metal was confirmed by elution tests with HCl. 相似文献
119.
环境监测实验室废液的管理与处理方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
徐根红 《环境监测管理与技术》2007,19(6):50-51
环境监测实验室的废液处理常常被忽视,提出建立有效的废液管理制度的必要性.有针对性地介绍了环境监测实验室中常见废液的处理方法. 相似文献
120.
焦化废水的危害度评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
炼焦废水以产生量大,毒性强而广泛引起中外读者的关注.本文通过具体实例对焦化废水的监测分析,明确了废水中可检出的有机污染物可达139种,其中有氰化物、挥发酚、苯并(a)芘等6项超标.为焦化厂环境影响评价及水污染提供依据. 相似文献