南京建筑废弃泥浆絮凝减容效果与经济性分析

以南京市建筑废弃泥浆为研究对象,分别投加聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚合硫酸铁(PFS)和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)开展絮凝减容试验,分析絮凝剂在不同投加量下泥浆沉降、水质指标及泥浆体积和含水率等的变化。结果表明：上述3种絮凝剂对泥浆均有较好的絮凝沉降效果,调理后泥浆的沉降速度由快变慢直至稳定,尾水水质可达到《污水排入城镇下水道水质标准》（GB 31962—2015）排放标准。CPAM调理的泥浆沉降效果最优,经过20 min的沉降,泥浆可实现减容80%以上,相对于直接将泥浆外运处置的费用,对泥浆絮凝减容后外运可以降低83%的成本。     

304L不锈钢废水管线腐蚀泄漏失效分析

某304L不锈钢废水管线使用30天左右即发生腐蚀泄漏.采用宏观检验、化学成分分析、金相检验、电镜观察、三氯化铁试验等分析方法,对该废水管道的腐蚀泄漏进行失效分析.分析结果表明,该不锈钢管线所通的废水中含有高浓度的Cl-,且试运行后一直未使用,最终在管内残留废水的作用下发生了点蚀穿孔.     

电子废弃物资源化技术现状

随着电子废弃物数量的日益增加和对电子废弃物资源化利用要求的提高,电子废弃物经历了由堆存到资源化利用的发展过程.目前电子废弃物资源化技术主要包括物理处理法、化学处理法和热处理法等方法,实现电子废弃物的资源化.     

超滤膜技术在21世纪水处理领域的展望

本文介绍了半死端超滤膜技术的典型设备和运行工艺及其优化。并且介绍了在世界范围内此项技术在地下水,地表水等常规水源处理以及海水和污水回用等非常规水源方面的应用。     

Communication Strategy of Transboundary Air Pollution Findings in a US–Mexico Border XXI Program Project

From 1996 to 1997, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC) conducted an air quality study known as the Lower Rio Grande Valley Transboundary Air Pollution Project (TAPP). The study was a US–Mexico Border XXI program project and was developed in response to local community requests on a need for more air quality measurements and concerns about the health impact of local air pollutants; this included concerns about emissions from border-dependent industries in Mexico, known as maquiladoras. The TAPP was a follow-up study to environmental monitoring done by EPA in this area in 1993 and incorporated scientific and community participation in development, review of results, and public presentation of findings. In spite of this, critical remarks were leveled by community activists against the study's preliminary “good news” findings regarding local air quality and the influence of transboundary air pollution. To resolve these criticisms and to refine the findings to address these concerns, analyses included comparisons of daily and near real-time measurements to TNRCC effects screening levels and data from other studies along with wind sector analyses. Reassessment of the data suggested that although regional source emissions occurred and outliers of elevated pollutant levels were found, movement of air pollution across the border did not appear to cause noticeable deterioration of air quality. In spite of limitations stated to the community, the TAPP was presented as establishing a benchmark to assess current and future transboundary air quality in the Valley. The study has application in Border XXI Program or other air quality studies where transboundary transport is a concern since it involved interagency coordination, public involvement, and communication of scientifically sound results for local environmental protection efforts.     

Ghana: revival of the mineral sector

After almost two decades of decline, Ghana's mineral sector has rebounded significantly and is currently the main foreign exchange earner. Gold mining is the principal activity within the sector and accounted for 41 percent of total export earnings in 1996. This paper presents an overview of Ghana's mineral industry and covers mineral resources, production and reserves; mining investments; the role of mining in the economy; and the structure of the industry. An overview of the national mineral policy is also presented to depict the current regulatory and fiscal environment in which the industry operates. The spectacular reversal in mineral sector performance can be attributed to the adoption of World Bank recommendations in a new national mineral policy, the 1986 Minerals and Mining Law, aimed at revitalizing the sector.     

关于学校化学教学实验废液量及废液管理状况的调研报告

利用基于实验内容的废液量统计方法，对北京大学、湖南大学、首都师范大学3所有代表性高校的化学实验教学中心以及3所普通高中的废液量进行了统计。得到的数据对于学校实验室废液的管理具有一定的参考价值。通过网页浏览、文献检索、实地考察、电话访谈等方式对国内一些知名大学的废液管理状况进行了考查，针对存在的主要问题，提出了进一步加强学校实验室废液管理的建议。     

Upgrading VFAs bioproduction from waste activated sludge via co-fermentation with soy sauce residue

SSR addition upgraded VFAs production from WAS. Structure modification by pretreatments led to performance distinctions. Distinctions in microbial community was observed by pretreatments selection. Up to 0.49‒0.65 billion €/year of market value potential was preliminary estimated. Conditioning of extra carbon sources has been widely reported to facilitate fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS). Soy sauce residue (SSR) was a relatively untapped carbon source for sludge conditioning. This batch study aimed to evaluate the possible implementation of SSR for volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from WAS. To upgrade the bioavailability of feedstock, three typical pretreatment methods were conducted, i.e., ammonium hydroxide (AH), sulfuric acids (SA) and thermal assisted alkaline (TA). AH pretreated test (AH-PT) outperformed due to a relatively strong structure decomposition of cellulosic materials as revealed by infrared spectroscopic analysis and crystal index. As a result, performed a high hydrolysis rate of 4449 mg COD/d, 1.12-1.23-fold higher than that in TA and SA pretreated tests (TA-PT and SA-PT), and 7.8-fold higher than that in the Control test. Meanwhile, a volatile fatty acids (VFAs) contribution of 401.2 mg COD/g SSR∙L and a maximum acidification rate of 3.59 d^-1 was recorded, with a high sum proportion of mall molecular acetic and propionic 82.2%, 11% ‒70% increase over the other three tests. Besides, speciation process characterized with functional genus differentiation was identified by microbial diversity and distribution investigation and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Finally, a potential market value of 0.49‒0.65 Billion €/year was preliminary estimated, showing promise of resource recovery from both WAS and SSR instead of extensive disposal.     

合理控制钻井废水回用率以减轻环境污染

不合理地片面强调钻井废水的回用，是造成废水处理质量不高的重要原因之一。现在根据钻井生产的特点，分析讨论了钻井废水回用率合理控制的必要性，同时提出分阶段控制回用率的方法。现场实践证明，在这个方法实施的基础上，再加上一些有效的辅助措施，能有效地提高钻井废水达标率并减轻其对环境的污染。