Do lagoons near concentrated animal feeding operations promote nitrous oxide supersaturation?

Animal wastewater lagoons nearby concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) represent the latest tendency in global animal farming, severely impacting the magnitude of greenhouse gas emissions, including nitrous oxide (N₂O). We hypothesized that lagoon wastewater could be supersaturated with N₂O as part of incomplete microbial nitrification/denitrification processes, thereby regulating the N₂O partitioning in the gaseous phase. The objectives of this study were: (i) to investigate the magnitude of dissolved N₂O concentrations in the lagoon; and (ii) to determine the extent to which supersaturation of N₂O occurs in wastewater lagoons. Dissolved N₂O concentrations in the wastewater samples were high, ranging from 0.4 to 40.5 μg N₂O mL⁻¹. Calculated dissolved N₂O concentrations from the experimentally measured partition coefficients were much greater than those typically expected in aquatic systems (<∼0.6 μg N₂O mL⁻¹). Knowledge of the factors controlling the magnitude of N₂O supersaturation could potentially bridge mass balance differences between in situ measurements and global N₂O models.     

Effect of humate on biological treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals

This paper presents results of investigations on the influence of humic substances (humate, HS) on the biological treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn). Respirometric studies indicated that the investigated system complied with the Haldane model for inhibitory wastes. Chemical analyses showed that, while the soluble COD removal was high (82%), only 7% of ammonia was oxidized to nitrate. An addition of HS (500 mg L⁻¹) mitigated the inhibitory effect of the wastewater on the returned activated sludge. The system with HS complied with the Monod model for non-inhibitory wastes, and the removal of ammonia and metals was 99% and over 90%, respectively. It is suggested that an application of HS could be beneficial for treatment plants receiving wastewater streams containing heavy metals.     

对再生水利用的分析及思考

随着社会经济的持续发展和城市化步伐的加快,人们对水资源的需求日益增加;面对有限的水资源,再生水因水量稳定可控、环保可持续的特点而倍受关注,再生水的应用也在国内外城市广泛开展.现阶段对再生水技术层面的研究已经较为成熟,有必要从规划的角度出发,对国内外再生水回用的方向和不同阶段的再生水回用率情况进行梳理,避免不同地区再生水回用率标准的同质化,为科学合理的确定再生水回用途径和回用目标提供参考和依据,有效推动水资源可持续发展.     

屠宰与肉类加工废水可持续处理工艺探讨

文章对屠宰与肉类加工废水废水中的主要污染物来源、特点及对常见的两种屠宰与肉类加工废水处理工艺特点进行了阐述,通过对某大型屠宰与肉类加工企业污水处理工艺的两个不同方案进行对比分析。指出了在结合废水特征与出水指标的情况下,更为合理的屠宰与肉类加工废水处理工艺,并通过相关技术指标,论证了最佳的废水处理工艺,同时提出了屠宰与肉类加工废水可持续处理技术的观点。     

SMBR应用于小规模中水回用工程的调试研究

对应用了SMBR的小规模中水回用工程进行了设计和调试,调试包括活性污泥的间歇培养和连续培养。连续培养试运行期间的监测值说明膜技术的优越性,氨氮和色度的去除主要依靠生物处理。     

某有色金属企业污水处理厂污水处理工艺

对有色金属冶炼过程中产生的废水按特征因子的不同进行分质处理。其中,高浓度氨氮废水采用三级氨氮吹脱、吸收工艺进行脱氨预处理;含砷酸性废水采用三段中和-铁盐混凝法预处理;经预处理废水混合后,采用石灰法分级沉淀处理废水中重金属离子;然后根据各单位对回用水水质的不同要求,对废水进行深度处理,实现了污水处理后全部回用,污水零排放的目的。并且对污水中的氨、石膏、镍等资源进行回收利用,为企业降低了运行成本,并且防止了二次污染。     

电渗析法深度处理铜冶炼废水研究

文章研究建立了一套电渗析法深度处理铜冶炼废水的小试装置,以某铜冶炼厂废水处理站出水为原水,通过实验,确定了电渗析法的极限电流密度,研究了电压、进水流量、进水浓度等参数对电渗析深度处理工艺出水水质的影响,并通过对比测试不同的阻垢剂对自来水、电渗析进水、电渗析出水的阻垢率,探讨电渗析出水回用后的结垢问题。结果表明:该电渗析装置的极限电流为0.42 A,极限电流密度为1.3 mA/cm2;最佳操作电压为20 V,适宜的进水流量为20 L/h,进水浓度对淡水水质影响不大;采用浓水循环工艺,淡水产率可提高至约80%,浓室TDS超过15 000 mg/L,对浓水的后续处理处置创造了条件;各阻垢剂对电渗析出水的阻垢率为72.0%~76.9%,远大于对电渗析进水的阻垢率,也显著大于对常规自来水的阻垢率。     

水力负荷与气水比对人工湿地净水效果的影响

以某高海拔地区污水处理厂的二级生化处理水为研究对象,通过对人工湿地进出水中COD、NH+4-N、TP浓度的变化,研究了水力负荷、气水比两个参数对人工湿地净水效果的影响。结果表明:人工湿地去除生活污水中COD、NH4+-N、TP的最佳水力负荷为0.33 m3/(m2·d)、气水比为3:1,在此最佳试验条件下,COD、NH4+-N、TP的去除率分别可达84%、69%、68%,出水水质满足《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水质标准。     

沸石负载氧化铁吸附剂吸附除磷研究

采用铁盐溶液蒸发法制备沸石负载氧化铁吸附剂,探讨其对磷的吸附性能。结果表明:随着沸石负载氧化铁吸附剂投加量的增加,单位质量吸附剂对磷的吸附量先升高后降低;磷的去除率随负载铁含量的增加而升高;p H=7时,去除率高达92.6%;吸附剂对磷的去除率受共存离子的影响较小;吸附数值可采用Freundlich等温模型拟合,相关性显著;吸附过程很好地遵循准二级动力学模型;采用Na OH为再生剂效果较好,再生率随着Na OH溶液浓度的提高而提高。     

浆纸污水处理及中水回用处理技术研究

针对大型浆纸工业生产企业废水污染物成分复杂,且可生化性差的特点,确定污水处理及深度处理后回用工艺为物理＋氧化沟生化＋物化法,并在实际工程的调试和使用过程中展开对浆纸工业污水的处理技术研究,得到了很好的处理效果,为浆纸污水处理设计及中水回用处理技术研究,工程建设和运行管理提供了有价值的经验数据。