全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3896篇 |
免费 | 103篇 |
国内免费 | 199篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 181篇 |
废物处理 | 21篇 |
环保管理 | 887篇 |
综合类 | 1693篇 |
基础理论 | 232篇 |
环境理论 | 3篇 |
污染及防治 | 300篇 |
评价与监测 | 665篇 |
社会与环境 | 152篇 |
灾害及防治 | 64篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 47篇 |
2022年 | 49篇 |
2021年 | 78篇 |
2020年 | 105篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 54篇 |
2017年 | 93篇 |
2016年 | 131篇 |
2015年 | 133篇 |
2014年 | 161篇 |
2013年 | 193篇 |
2012年 | 159篇 |
2011年 | 281篇 |
2010年 | 114篇 |
2009年 | 278篇 |
2008年 | 228篇 |
2007年 | 245篇 |
2006年 | 199篇 |
2005年 | 162篇 |
2004年 | 142篇 |
2003年 | 154篇 |
2002年 | 134篇 |
2001年 | 124篇 |
2000年 | 131篇 |
1999年 | 112篇 |
1998年 | 101篇 |
1997年 | 88篇 |
1996年 | 61篇 |
1995年 | 63篇 |
1994年 | 77篇 |
1993年 | 51篇 |
1992年 | 35篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 13篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有4198条查询结果,搜索用时 13 毫秒
51.
浊点萃取分离富集荧光光度法测定水中α - 萘酚 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
基于非离子表面活性剂Triton X-114,采用浊点萃取分离富集荧光光度法测定水中α-萘酚,优化了影响浊点萃取的各种因素,包括样品酸度、表面活性剂体积分数、氢氧化钠溶液浓度、平衡温度和时间等,讨论了常见无机离子和可能共存的有机物的干扰。方法在0.010 mg/L~0.400 mg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为3.0μg/L,标准溶液测定的RSD为4.8%,水样加标回收率为94.3%~103%。 相似文献
52.
水质生物毒性在线监测技术研究进展 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
从生物分子、细胞、个体、种群和群落水平,系统介绍了国内外研发的水质毒性在线监测技术,归纳分析了各种技术的特点及应用,并提出了其发展前景与趋势。 相似文献
53.
Participatory environmental governance in China: public hearings on urban water tariff setting 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In the late 1990s China started to expand its market economic reform to the public sector, such as water services. This reform led to major changes in urban water management, including water tariff management. The reforms in water tariff management relate not only to tariffs, but also to the decision-making on tariffs. Water tariff decision-making seems to move away from China's conventional mode of highly centralized and bureaucratic policy- and decision-making. The legalization, institutionalization and performance of public hearings in water tariff management forms a crucial innovation in this respect. This article analyzes the emergence, development and current functioning of public hearings in water tariff setting, and assesses to what extent public hearings are part of a turning point in China's tradition of centralized bureaucratic decision-making, towards more transparent, decentralized and participative governance. 相似文献
54.
In Europe, the use of direct methods using lysimeters for measuring water and solute flow in soils increased in recent years.
Large weighable lysimeters are best suitable for obtaining reliable data about seepage water quantity and quality. Field lysimeters
– lysimeters built in directly in agriculturally used areas – of high technical standard allow a precise determination of
the influence of different cropping systems on groundwater quality. They combine the advantages of true field conditions and
laboratory possibilities of varying parameters, handling and maintenance. Due to the specific needs of each application the
instrumentation varies. Based on general remarks on the advantages of precise weighing lysimeters four standardized lysimeter
configurations are presented. Beside the specific needs of design and setup of lysimeter stations, there is need to define
general requirements to enable comparable results based on standardized basic design and to reduce individual mistakes. 相似文献
55.
水环境中药品和个人护理用品污染现状及研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
综述了当前国内外药品和个人护理用品(PPCPs)在地表水、地下水和饮用水中的污染现状,介绍了水环境中PPCPs污染的危害及其预测、调查与检测方法。提出了我国水环境中PPCPs污染未来的研究方向,包括改进水处理工艺,提高PPCPs的去除效率;提升分析技术水平,拓宽PPCPs的检测种类;深入研究PPCPs产生的环境效应,重视其职业暴露的污染与危害;建立水环境中PPCPs的预测制度及风险评价体系。 相似文献
56.
M. Reiman D. E. Clay C. G. Carlson S. A. Clay G. Reicks D. W. Clay 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(1):76-85
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of manure placement depth on crop yield and N retention in soil. Experimental treatments were deep manure injection (45 cm), shallow manure injection (15 cm), and conventional fertilizer-based management with at least three replications per site. Water infiltration, and changes in soil N and P amounts were measured for up to 30 months and crop yield monitored for three seasons following initial treatment. Deep and shallow manure injections differed in soil inorganic N distributions. For example, in the manure slot the spring following application, NO3-N in the surface 60 cm was higher (p < .01) when injected 15 cm (21.4 μ g/g) into the soil than 45 cm (11.7 μ g/g), whereas NH4-N had opposite results with shallow injection having less (p = 0.045) NH4-N (102 μ g/g) than deep (133 μ g/g) injection. In the fall one year after the manure was applied, NO3-N and NH4-N were lower (p = 0.001) in the shallow injection than the deep injection. The net impact of manure placement on total N was that deep injection had 31, 59, and 44 more kg N ha? 1 than the shallow injection treatment 12, 18, and 30 months after application, respectively. Deep manure injection did not impact soybean (Glycine max L.) yield, however corn (Zea mays L.) yield increased if N was limiting. The higher corn yield in the deep injected treatment was attributed to increased N use efficiency. Higher inorganic N amounts in the deep injection treatment were attributed to reduced N losses through ammonia volatilization, leaching, or denitrification. Results suggest that deep manure placement in glacial till soil may be considered a technique to increase energy, N use efficiency, and maintain surface and ground water quality. However, this technique may not work in glacial outwash soils due to the inability to inject into a rocky subsurface. 相似文献
57.
In this article, I explain the role that scientific studies play in shaping collaboration and conflict over mining exploration in the Ecuadorian highlands. Toronto-based IAMGOLD conducted water quality studies to simultaneously fulfill legal obligations and secure support for drilling in an environmentally sensitive zone. With these studies, IAMGOLD generated collaborative relations with local authorities and university scientists. However, water quality studies were also used by dairy farmers to establish new connections for an opposition movement. The scientific studies enabled IAMGOLD and the dairy farmers to make competing claims about the responsibility for contamination of an important watershed. This article analyzes the conflict that resulted and challenges conventional wisdom that distinguishes a corporation's legal obligations from its voluntary CSR programs. 相似文献
58.
The bromination of five selected pharmaceuticals (metoprolol, naproxen, amoxicillin, phenacetin, and hydrochlorothiazide) was studied with these compounds individually dissolved in ultra-pure water. The apparent rate constants for the bromination reaction were determined as a function of the pH, obtaining the sequence amoxicillin > naproxen ? hydrochlorothiazide ≈ phenacetin ≈ metoprolol. A kinetic mechanism specifying the dissociation reactions and the species formed for each compound according to its pKa value and the pH allowed the intrinsic rate constants to be determined for each elementary reaction. There was fairly good agreement between the experimental and calculated values of the apparent rate constants, confirming the goodness of the proposed reaction mechanism.In a second stage, the bromination of the selected pharmaceuticals simultaneously dissolved in three water matrices (a groundwater, a surface water from a public reservoir, and a secondary effluent from a WWTP) was investigated. The pharmaceutical elimination trend agreed with the previously determined rate constants. The influence of the main operating conditions (pH, initial bromine dose, and characteristics of the water matrix) on the degradation of the pharmaceuticals was established. An elimination concentration profile for each pharmaceutical in the water matrices was proposed based on the use of the previously evaluated apparent rate constants, and the theoretical results agreed satisfactorily with experiment. Finally, chlorination experiments performed in the presence of bromide showed that low bromide concentrations slightly accelerate the oxidation of the selected pharmaceuticals during chlorine disinfection. 相似文献
59.
It has been postulated that road deicing salts are sufficiently diluted by spring rains to ameliorate any physiological impacts to amphibians breeding in wetlands near roads. We tested this conjecture by exposing clutches of the spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) to three chloride concentrations (1 mg/L, 145 mg/L, 945 mg/L) for nine days, then transferred clutches to control water for nine days, and measured change in mass at three-day intervals. We measured mass change because water uptake by clutches reduces risks to embryos associated with freezing, predation, and disease. Clutches in controls sequestered water asymptotically. Those in the moderate concentrations lost 18% mass initially and regained 14% after transfer to control water. Clutches in high concentration lost 33% mass and then lost an additional 8% after transfer. Our results suggest that spring rains do not ameliorate the effects of deicing salts in wetlands with extremely high chloride concentrations. 相似文献
60.
Xueqi Fan Jie Gao Wenchao Li Jun Huang Gang Yu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(1):8