农场给水处理方法探讨

农场供水是一种特殊给水,供水管道中的“结垢”现象是处理的难题,本文在调查分析的基础上,比较几种处理方法,提出药剂软化法,并施以相应的工程,使其达标排放。     

近十年水中硫化物测定方法的进展

评述了１９８５～１９９６年间报道的水中硫化物方法概况，内容包括：水样的预处理方法，水样测定的分光光度法，电化学法，原子吸收光谱以及其他分析方法等。     

潮汐河流动态水环境容量计算方法探讨

基于目前采用的静态水态水质数学模型计算河流平均水环境容量的方法，难于满足感潮河流的动态水环境容量时变过程，且计算精度不高的情况，提出了潮汐河流动态水环境容量的计算方法和计算步骤，以满足感潮河流水质管理规划的需要。通过对某一感潮河流实际计算应用，表明这一新的计算方法在理论上与实践上是可行的。     

海河平原农业供水的决策分析模型

本文根据海河平原水源不足的问题,采用系统分析的方法,探讨了农业供水的对策。提出的决策分析模型可望适用于不同大小的区域。通过实际资料的分析得出实行节流、管理与开源的具体方案及经济效益。分析成果表明推行节水灌溉技术与管理措施是完全可行的。在建立节流系统(包括管带与滴灌及调整耕作制度、作物布局)和加强水管理的基础上,实行开源引江、引黄,可大大缩减调水规模,降低开源工程投资,缓和工农与城乡供水的矛盾。     

电极生物膜法在水处理中的研究进展

电极生物膜法在给水和排水处理领域的研究现状和进展 ,认为该工艺是极具发展潜力的水处理方法 ,并对今后开展这方面的研究提出了展望。     

水资源对人类安全的负面影响

水是丰富的.但水不等于水资源.由于水资源分布不均、人类需求的不断膨胀以及水资源污染等,造成了水资源的短缺.水资源关乎着人类的安全:冲突、战争因水而起;水污染威胁人类健康;水资源缺乏威胁着食品(粮食)安全;水资源制约着经济乃致社会的发展,成为人类生存的最大限制因子.     

Degradation of toxaphene in water during anaerobic and aerobic conditions

The degradation of technical toxaphene in water with two kinds of bioreactors operating in sequence was studied. One packed bed reactor was filled with Poraver (foam glass particles) running at anaerobic conditions and one suspended carrier biofilm reactor working aerobically. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), chloride, sulphate, pH, dissolved oxygen, total toxaphene and specific toxaphene isomers were measured. After 6 weeks approx. 87% of the total toxaphene was degraded reaching 98% by week 39. The majority of the conversion took place in the anaerobic reactor. The concentrations of toxaphene isomers with more chlorine substituents decreased more rapidly than for isomers with less chlorine substituents.     

Equilibrium nonaqueous phase liquid pool geometry in coarse soils with discrete textural interfaces

This paper presents a model for the geometry of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) pools and mounds in homogeneous soils and soils with discrete textural interfaces. It is shown that the concepts of capillary pressure-saturation curve hysteresis and entry pressures are integral to the complete conceptualization of pool and mound geometry. Unless hysteresis is included in the analysis, light NAPL (LNAPL) in homogeneous soils cannot exist in pools at all, and dense NAPL (DNAPL) will not mound on horizontal textural interfaces unless lateral confining boundaries are present. The proposed model also implies that remobilization of DNAPL pools will occur at lower hydraulic gradients than those predicted with previous models. Comparing predicted and experimental DNAPL and LNAPL pool thicknesses and the location of an LNAPL lens with respect to the top of the capillary fringe validate the model.     

应用GIS分析太湖水质的污染现状

随着空间技术和计算机技术的日益发展，地理信息系统（GIS）作为一门技术，不但在地学方面有了较为广泛的应用，而且在环境部门也越来越显出其优势性。以水质采样监测的大量第一手资料为基础，应用GIS工具，对太湖水质的污染现状进行了分析，并对此进行解释提出了可能的解决办法。     

A microcosm approach to assessing the effects of earthworm inoculation and oat cover cropping on CO2 fluxes and biological properties in an amended semiarid soil

We designed a microcosm experiment to assess the influence of inoculation with Eisenia foetida earthworms and the establishment of an Avena sativa cover crop on biological (enzyme activities and labile carbon fractions) soil quality indicators in a soil treated with a composted organic residue, and to determine the contribution of these treatments to carbon dioxide emissions from the soil to the atmosphere of the microcosm. The microcosms were incubated for 53 days under 28 °C/18 °C day/night temperatures. The addition of earthworms and the planting of A. sativa increased dehydrogenase activity of compost amended soil by about 44% after 23 days of incubation. The metabolic potential, calculated as the ratio dehydrogenase activity/water soluble C, was higher in the compost amended soil planted with A. sativa. The highest total amount of CO₂–C evolved occurred in the soil treated with composted residue and earthworms (about 40% of the total amount of CO₂ evolved came from earthworm activity). The planting of A. sativa increased the decomposition rate constant of organic matter in the amended soil but decreased the potentially mineralizable C pool. In conclusion, the establishment of an A. sativa cover crop and the addition of E. foetida to a degraded agricultural soil treated with composted residue were effective treatments for improving the biological and biochemical quality and the metabolic potential of the soil.