青藏高原昆仑山垭口盆地晚上新世以来沉积物磁化率与气候变化

通过对青藏高原昆仑山垭口盆地磁化率、频率磁化率环境代用指标的分析,并与黄土—古土壤和深海δ18O记录的气候变化进行对比,结合剖面的岩性特征和年代序列以及前人所获得的粒度和孢粉资料,揭示了3.6~0.5 Ma期间昆仑山垭口盆地气候变化经历了六个阶段:3.6~2.48 Ma气候相对冷干、2.48~2.14 Ma气候偏凉湿、2.14~2.07 Ma气候相对冷干、2.07~1.16 Ma气候总体相对较湿润(其间有数次冷干波动)、1.16~0.78 Ma气候偏冷干以及0.78~0.5 Ma气候向冷湿发展。     

西部公路建设与环境保护

论述了西部环境的状况和西部公路的现状与发展，提出西部大开发要坚持基础建设与环境保护相结合，对公路建设特别是西部公路建设中产生的环境问题进行了分析，提出了西部公路建设中环境保护的一些措施和建议。     

论西部大开发中旅游环境的保护 ——以云南省泸沽湖为例

通过对保护云南省泸沽湖自然景观和人文景观的探讨,指出在西部大开发中保护"生物多样性"和"文化多样性"的重要性,并建议应该从规划、教育和管理三个方面采取措施来促进西部地区尤其是云南省旅游业的可持续发展.     

Management concerns for swimming,tubing, and wading in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Recreational use of streams in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park has increased remarkably during recent years. To better manage the stream resource for visitor needs and at the same time preserve it for future generations, a user study was initiated in 1978. Use patterns, both spatial and temporal, and possible accompanying ecological impacts at three streams were investigated. Sampling was conducted at several sites per stream. The findings indicated that use was concentrated during afternoons and at certain streams and study sites. In addition, different types of users partitioned the streams according to stream morphology (form or structure of pools, riffles, etc.). Major impacts observed were soil compaction and erosion along the streambanks and physical disturbance of the stream bottoms by moving and placing stones to construct dams and raceways.     

A WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE SENEGAL RIVER BASIN1

A study was made to determine the impact on water quality due to water resource development in a large river basin in a semi-arid region of West Africa. Mathematical modeling and the examination of case histories were used to project impacts. The impacts associated with changes in water quality were shown to be slight assuming that modern basin and agricultural management practices are adopted. Analytical techniques normally implemented in studies of more highly developed basins are useful for analysis of water quality impacts in relatively undeveloped basins.     

上海西郊麦期氮素淋溶定位研究

上海西郊水旱轮作地中麦期的淋失研究表明，氮肥淋失的基本形态为硝酸盐氮，施肥后10d左右，形成硝酸盐氮淋溶的高峰期，在整个生育期间，随深度增加，硝酸盐氮浓度峰值向深层推移，但其渗漏深度为80cm左右。氮素的淋失主要发生在11月到次年3月的作物幼苗期，当追肥超过150kg/hm^2后，渗漏量增加很快。     

Long-term assessment of insecticides treatments in West Africa: aquatic entomofauna

For the control of the Onchocerca volvulus vector in West Africa, up to 18,000 km of rivers from 1975 and up to 50,000 km from 1989 had been partly sprayed weekly with insecticides as part of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP). To evaluate the possible short-term and long-term effects of the application of insecticides on the non-target fauna, an aquatic monitoring programme was set up during the initial phase of the programme. By analysing the invertebrate data, which were collected using various sampling strategies from four different countries between 1977 and 1996, this paper evaluates the long-term changes of the invertebrate populations with respect to their taxonomic composition as well as their trophic structures. The discussed results of the applied numerical analysis strategy suggest that neither the taxonomic nor the trophic structures are greatly altered from the range of biological, flow-related variation that normally occurs in the studied river systems. This allows us to conclude that the biological variation found here is ecologically acceptable.     

西湖引水治理后的底栖动物群落

１９９５年１月－１９９６年１２月对西湖底栖大型无脊椎动物群落进行了连续监测与研究,共发现大型底栖无脊椎动物２６种,其中寡毛类６种,多毛类１种,水生昆虫９种,蛭类,线虫和无节蠕虫各１种。     

贡嘎山麦吊杉群落结构的研究

麦吊杉群落在贡嘎山东坡海拔２２００～２８００ｍ之间呈带状分布。本文从群落分布区的自然环境、群落外貌和结构特征，以及种群结构等方面对其进行了研究。归纳出生活型组成特征、麦吊杉种群高度和胸径的生长规律，以及立木级分布特点，分析了群落的垂直结构，最后与北方的暗针叶林作了比较分析，并讨论了群落的动态特点。     

中国西部自然保护区与周边社区协调发展的研究

在分析了目前中国西部自然保护区建设和管理的质量问题基础上 ,认为推行社区参与保护区共管是提高保护区管护质量的首选途径 ,并系统阐明社区参与组成共管体系的原则和技术路线以及一些模式化成果。最后 ,指出在实施社区参与共管过程中存在的 3个问题。