湖北五峰南河流域大气降水方程求取

在研究分析流域内特殊地质条件和水文地质条件的基础上，试图利用河水、地下岩溶水的δD-δ^81O稳定同位素测试分析资料求取当地大气降水线方程。从所得结果来看，在资金较少，其水文地质条件比较适宜的岩溶山区，利用这种方法可以粗略地求得当地的大气降水线。     

辛硫磷降解菌X-1的分离鉴定及降解性状的初步研究

通过富集培养从南京周围土壤中分离到-株辛硫磷降解菌X-1，X-1能以辛硫磷为唯一碳源生长，初步鉴定为邻单胞菌属（Plesiomonas sp.）X-1有广泛的碳、氮源利用谱，在25-30℃长势较好，最适生长pH是7.0,X-1能在24h内，使辛硫磷降解96%，质粒检测发现有两条大的质粒条带。     

Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B bymicrowave-assisted hydrothermal synthesized N-doped titanate nanotubes

Microwave-induced nitrogen-doped titanate nanotubes（NTNTs） were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, Zeta potential analysis,specific surface area（SBET）, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. TEM results indicate that NTNTs retain a tubular structure with a crystalline multiwall and have a length of several hundred nanometers after nitrogen doping. XRD findings demonstrate that the crystalline structure of NTNTs was dominated by anatase, which is favored for photocatalytic application. The Ti-O-N linkage observed in the XPS N 1s spectrum is mainly responsible for narrowing the band gap and eventually enhancing the visible light photoactivity. FT-IR results demonstrated the existence of H3O＋, which could be excited by photo-generated holes to form hydroxyl radicals and degrade environmental pollutants. After sintering at 350°C, the UV-Vis absorbance edges of NTNTs significantly shift to the visible-light region, which indicates N atom doping into the nanotubes. Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B（RhB） via NTNTs show good efficiency, with pseudo first-order kinetic model rate constants of 3.7 × 10-3, 2.4 × 10-3and 8.0 × 10-4sec-1at pH 3, 7, and 11, respectively.     

Sulfur evolution in chemical looping combustion of coal with MnFe2O4 oxygen carrier

Chemical looping combustion （CLC） of coal has gained increasing attention as a novel combustion technology for its advantages in CO2 capture. Sulfur evolution from coal causes great harm from either the CLC operational or environmental perspective. In this research, a combined MnFe2O4 oxygen carrier （OC） was synthesized and its reaction with a typical Chinese high sulfur coal, Liuzhi （LZ） bituminous coal, was performed in a thermogravimetric analyzer （TGA）-Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectrometer. Evolution of sulfur species during reaction of LZ coal with MnFeaO40C was systematically investigated through experimental means combined with thermodynamic simulation. TGA-FTIR analysis of the LZ reaction with MnFe2O4 indicated MnFe2O4 exhibited the desired superior reactivity compared to the single reference oxides Mn304 or Fe203, and SO2 produced was mainly related to oxidization of H2S by MnFe2O4. Experimental analysis of the LZ coal reaction with MnFe2O4, including X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, verified that the main reduced counterparts of MnFe2O4 were Fe304 and MnO, in good agreement with the related thermodynamic simulation. The obtained MnO was beneficial to stabilize the reduced MnFe2O4 and avoid serious sintering, although the oxygen in MnO was not fully utilized. Meanwhile, most sulfur present in LZ coal was converted to solid MnS during LZ reaction with MnFe2O4, which was further oxidized to MnSO4. Finally, the formation of both MnS and such manganese silicates as Mn2SiO4 and MnSiO3 should be addressed to ensure the full regeneration of the reduced MnFe2O4.     

珠江三角洲典型灰霾过程的边界层特征

2014年1月初珠江三角洲(以下简称珠三角)地区出现严重的灰霾天气.利用广东省城市空气质量资料、中国气象局番禺大气成分站逐时PM10、PM2.5、PM1以及能见度数据、广东省946个自动站风向风速数据、广州基本站风向风速数据、2013~2014年东莞佛山大气边界层观测试验资料等,研究了珠三角2014年1月1~8日典型灰霾过程的边界层特征.结果表明:大陆冷高压变性出海是这次灰霾过程发生的主要天气系统.其使得珠三角地区受静稳天气控制,造成微风或静风状况以及低的边界层和逆温结构;6日珠三角主要城市空气质量呈现不同的变化,其原因主要是区域内风向的变化,5日上午珠三角为弱的偏北风,整个珠三角都为灰霾天气,而5日下午风向由偏北风转为偏南风,珠三角东南部地区空气质量改善,北部(内陆)地区的空气质量恶化;后向轨迹分析发现所有气流呈明显下沉作用,且5日20:00的后向轨迹簇来自陆面,6日20:00的后向轨迹簇来自海面,两者对珠三角的空气质量具有不同的影响.     

Complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene over CeO2 nanocubes

The activities of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at di erent temperatures were tested for catalytic oxidation of o-xylene. Using CeO2 nanocubes as catalysts, complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene was achieved below 210°C. The CeO2 nanomaterials were characterized by means of BET, X-ray di raction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). From the TEM images, all CeO2 nanocubes displayed cubic morphology irrespective of calcination temperature. The HRTEM images revealed that these nanocubes were enclosed by reactive f001g planes, which may contribute to the intrinsically catalytic property of o-xylene oxidation. The higher activity of CeO2 nanocubes calcined at 550°C than those calcined at above 550°C was attributed to their smaller crystallite size and larger surface area. The influences of reaction conditions were also studied, which found that a higher reaction temperature was necessary for complete catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at higher weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) and o-xylene concentration.     

基于TZS法的天然气管道运输的社会风险评估

为了研究天然气管道运输对沿线社区的影响,本文以靖边—西安天然气输送工程为例,采用TZS法对天然气管道运输潜在的社会风险进行了定量评估,引入累积致死长度来表征天然气管道运输对某一特定社区造成的危险程度并采用FN(累积事故率-死亡人数)曲线来表征,其评估结果表明:穿过榆树圾村的靖西线的FN2值在7.76×10-5～6.36×10-3人2/a之间,属于风险合理可接受区域,且该段管线发生天然气泄漏事故导致的最大死亡人数为30人.该研究结果可为靖西线的安全管理及现有管线的调整提供科学依据.     

13X分子筛去除水中重金属离子Cr~(3+)的研究

以13X分子筛作为吸附剂,研究废水中Cr3+的去除。考察了水的pH、Cr3+浓度和吸附时间的影响,通过对不同价态金属离子的吸附探讨了除Cr3+机理,比较了13X分子筛和732型阳离子交换树脂对Cr3+的去除效果。结果表明:水的pH等条件对Cr3+的去除有较大影响;13X分子筛对Cr3+的吸附机理以离子交换吸附为主,符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和Lagergren二级动力学方程,吸附速率控制步骤为颗粒内扩散;达到吸附平衡后,分子筛对Cr3+的去除率为92.2%;分子筛吸附Cr3+的二级反应速率常数为0.004 5 g/(mg.min),比阳离子交换树脂的相应值大。     

利用SAGE Ⅱ卫星资料分析青藏高原上空臭氧垂直廓线

利用1985-2002年SAGE Ⅱ卫星资料获取青藏高原地区上空大气臭氧垂直廓线,分析其变化规律.结果表明:①卫星资料与地面臭氧探空资料有很好的一致性;②青藏高原上空大气臭氧垂直廓线存在南北间的差异和季节变化,夏秋季臭氧廓线极大值出现的位置比冬春季高出1～2 km(高原南部)和2～3 km(高原北部);③臭氧数浓度在10～20 km的高度存在明显季节和南北区域差异;④与同纬度其他地区的平均值相比,夏季(6-9月)臭氧低值主要出现在15～20 km的高原对流层顶附近,最低值出现在18 km附近,而冬季这种差异相对较小.      

张八岭变质岩中线理构造研究

作者等在张八岭地区开展1：5万区域地质调查工作过程中，针对测区内广泛分布的中、晚元古代张八岭岩群等岩层内普遍发育的矿物拉伸线理．砾石压扁拉长定向排列、S1与S2两级面理构成的交线和褶纹线理构造进行了专门测量与研究。然后，依据所测数值分别作了线理平面分布图和产状综合统计图；据图示和综合产状统计、解析．再结合野外观察结果．分别论述每一种线理构造发育特点、产出状态、优选定向组合等特征．从而进一步判别动力作用方式及线理构造最终定位机制。并通过对线理构造系统研究．理顺了它们形成的先后序次关系。