Structural alterations in compound eye of Drosophila melanogaster in response to sodium fluoride treatment

Sodium fluoride, used as a pesticide in agriculture, is also an ingredient of toothpastes which help to fight dental problems. In this study, Drosophila melanogaster, a non-target organism, is used to explore morphological changes in the adult compound eye as a function of exposure to fluoride at 20, 40, 80, 100 and 150 mg L^?1, using scanning electron microscopy. The experimental concentrations were much lower than the ones used in the studies of the British Association of Community Dentistry. Distinct morphological alterations in the eye of the treated insects revealed ommatidial ridges and disoriented mechanosensory bristles which were most prominent in the 40 and 80 mg L^?1 treatment groups. Since humans and Drosophila share homology in many genes that are involved in developmental pathways, the present findings raise concern on the use of sodium fluoride as a pesticide.     

土壤重金属X射线荧光光谱非标样测试方法研究

采用粉末压片制样,用X射线荧光光谱非标样测试方法测定土壤中Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、As、Cd、Sn、Sb、Pb、Hg等15种重金属元素。研究了样品制备方法和元素测量条件等影响测试准确度的因素。结果表明此方法不需对固体样品进行消化处理,无需制备标准样片,快速、简便、效率高,是一种非破坏性的分析方法,方法的检出限、准确度和精密度基本能够满足土壤中有毒有害重金属的快速筛查要求。     

Evaluating the core: Critical assessment of core self‐evaluations theory

In 1997, Judge, Locke, and Durham published the core self‐evaluations (CSE) theory proposing that a multidimensional CSE construct, composed of emotional stability, self‐esteem, locus of control, and generalized self‐efficacy, accounts for individual differences in job satisfaction as well as in other organizational behavior outcomes. In this article, I argue that, despite ample evidence in support of the predictive validity of the CSE construct, the adequacy of including emotional stability, self‐esteem, locus of control, and generalized self‐efficacy as indicators of the CSE construct may be questionable, and I review evidence that points to limited convergent and discriminant validity of the CSE construct. I conclude the article with a few recommendations for advancing CSE theory and research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于激光引导的火灾人员疏散与应急救援系统

设计并开发了基于激光引导的火灾人员疏散与应急救援系统,该系统将程控激光指示与GIS技术相结合,通过探测器采集火场动态信息,针对火灾实际,生成安全迅速的疏散引导路线,解决了当前消防系统疏散标志设置混乱、易被误识别、引导效率低的缺陷,提高了现有消防引导疏散水平,对提高消防安全技术水平有较大的促进作用.     

管座焊缝内侧的相控阵超声自动检测

本文介绍应用相控阵技术结合配有编码动作的机械装置,对插入式管座焊缝从接管内侧用线阵探头进行超声检测的方法。建立实验模型,可为声柬全覆盖所必须考虑的物理参数,提供验证数据。建模和实测结果表明：利用声线跟踪法,扫查布置图（Scanplan）能提供所需覆盖范围的适当显示。当从接管内表面进行扫查时,用于引导探头扫查动作的机械装置往往可设计得减少复杂性。本文所述方法可望为承压设备结构较复杂的管座焊缝,实施超声相控阵检测（PAUT）符合ASME最新版要求提供有用借鉴。     

粗糙集和熵权计算法在多因素指标评价中的应用

为了提高分析多因素指标评价中核心因素选取和权重计算的准确性,根据粗糙集处理数据的特点,以及熵权法计算权重的客观性,提出将粗糙集和熵权计算法结合进行核心因素选取和指标权重的计算。以土壤腐蚀多因素指标评价为例,针对其粗糙集应用中离散化数据时的失值问题,以及熵权计算法中无量纲化处理时标准的不统一,提出了土壤腐蚀等级的分类离散化方法和熵权计算法中无量纲化的同级变换公式,结果得到了2种方法计算数值的相互验证,增加了针对指标权重分析的应用性和可靠性。     

矿用钢丝绳芯阻燃胶带与坑木燃烧特性的实验研究

介绍了锥形量热仪的基本原理和测试方法,在辐射能量35kW/m2的条件下对煤矿井下使用的钢丝绳阻燃胶带和两种木材的燃烧特性进行了实验研究,得到了3种材料的燃烧特征参数。实验结果表明:在产生的CO、释放的热量、生成的烟雾量方面,落叶松均少于果松,因此,落叶松的火灾危害性较小。钢丝绳芯阻燃胶带在产生的CO、释放的热量、生成的烟雾等方面明显大于两种木材,其火灾危害性比远远大于木材,因此,对钢丝绳芯阻燃胶带火灾应给予足够的重视。     

地质灾害控灾因素的遥感地质分析--以藏南拉轨岗日地区为例

以实地调研数据为基础,在综合分析TM影像所提供的空间及光谱信息之后认为:(1)拉轨岗日变质核杂岩带通过其接触带中的断裂体系直接控制相应的地质灾害,通过所形成的构造地貌和特征水系对地质灾害的孕育、规模和强度产生间接影响;(2)拉轨岗日变质核杂岩带各个组成变质核杂岩的接触带及其外延的盖层区域因受构造变动的影响而成为崩塌、滑坡和泥石流等地质灾害的易发区域;(3)研究拉轨岗日变质核杂岩带的结构形式及成因模式可对地质灾害易发区域的圈绘起到指导作用.     

COMPARISON OF THERMAL SCANNING AND IN SITU TECHNIQUES FOR MONITORING THERMAL DISCHARGES1

ABSTRACT: In situ and remote sensing techniques for measuring thermal plumes are compared for data taken at the Point Beach Nuclear Power Plant on Lake Michigan for five separate occasions. The in situ method employed a boat whose position was determined with a microwave ranging system. Temperatures at the surface and at various depths were measured with fast response thermistor probes. The remote sensing technique utilized an infrared scanner in the 8 to 14 micron range. Comparison of the plumes indicates good agreement with respect to plume configurations, areas within isotherms and centerline temperature decays for all except one occasion, a calm day characterized by no waves, low wind and ambient current velocities. Robable reasons for disagreement under such ambient conditions are discussed. The inherent advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed in light of the results of the five sets of data. This includes both the data collecting and data analyzing procedures. It is concluded that judicious combination of both methods offers a better picture of thermal plumes than can be obtained by either technique alone.     

环保执法应把握的着力点

环保执法是环境保护的重要内容，通过正确把握环保执法的着力点，可以使环保工作起到事半功倍的效果。