夏收时段农村大气亚微米颗粒物数浓度分布特征

为了从源区的角度研究华北平原夏收时段大气亚微米颗粒物粒径谱分布,采用扫描电迁移率粒径谱仪,于2017年6月对华北平原典型农村点位亚微米颗粒物数浓度进行连续观测.结果表明,观测期间大气亚微米颗粒物粒径分布主要集中在小于300nm处,平均数浓度为28371cm^-3.不同模态颗粒物数浓度分布差异明显,核模态（< 20nm）呈线性分布,爱根核模态（20~100nm）呈多项分布,积聚模态（>100nm）呈对数分布.48h后向轨迹聚类结果表明,观测点位气团受其东部的江苏省、山东省和安徽省生物质燃烧传输影响时,颗粒物总数浓度增加66.7%.潜在源贡献因子法和浓度权重轨迹法,表明潜在源区为观测点位以东的区域,且以粒径小于100nm的颗粒物为主.     

华东高山背景点大气气态汞含量与传输特征

利用高时间分辨率自动测汞仪（Tekran 2537B）于2017年6月~2018年5月对武夷山气态元素汞（GEM）进行了连续1a的观测.结果表明，武夷山GEM年均浓度为（1.70±0.43）ng/m³，稍高于北半球背景值，表明武夷山受到一定程度的大气汞污染.GEM浓度表现为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季，季风和风速是影响武夷山GEM季节变化的主要因素.武夷山四季GEM表现为不同的日变化特征，早上8：00之后，春秋季GEM继续呈现下降趋势，其他季节则呈现先升后降再上升，并在晚上不同时刻出现峰值.GEM值白天低于晚上，这与风速和汞的长距离迁移有关.后向轨迹和浓度权重轨迹分析结果表明，偏西风背景下污染气团经江西向武夷山输送是大气汞迁移的主要路径，而江西和福建中北部为武夷山大气汞污染的潜在源区.△GEM/△CO值表明武夷山GEM汞污染主要来源于人为工业排放，生物质燃烧贡献较弱.     

危险废弃物安全填埋场的选址及安全措施

在工业生产过程中，会产生大量的固体废弃物，而其中危险废弃物占有一定比例，如果对这类废弃物不适当或随意处置，则对自然环境和人体健康将产生有害影响．文中就危险废物安全填埋场的作用、选址要求、选址工作程序、建设标准、营运管理体制，以及污泥稳定化固化预处理方案等问题进行了研究和探讨。     

工业废弃场地再开发的环境评估

由于工业活动地影响,工业废弃场地再开发往往会给公众健康带来许多风险,因此受到各国政府关注.文章对河南某城市进行再开发的工业废弃场地进行了环境调查.结果表明,场地土壤和地下水受到了不同程度的总石油烃和苯系物的污染,部分点位的污染物浓度远远超出了荷兰标准的干涉值水平.作为非水相液体,总石油烃和苯系物会随地下水向场地外迁移.该工业废弃场地未来将作为居住区,居民在该场地上生活会因总石油烃和苯的长期暴露导致健康风险.因此,为保护人体健康,应当在住宅小区建设前进行场地修复.另外,中国还需要进一步修订和完善相应的土壤地下水环境质量标准和污染场地管理的法规.     

Cost-Efficiency of Decaying Wood as a Surrogate for Overall Species Richness in Boreal Forests

Abstract:  Decaying wood is one of the most important elements for species richness in boreal forests. We tested how well reserve selection based on the amount and quality of decaying wood results in a representation of four ecologically different taxa (beetles, birds, wood-inhabiting fungi, and vascular plants). We also compared the cost-efficiency of the use of dead-wood indicators with comprehensive species inventory. Our database included 32 seminatural old-forest stands located in northern Finland. Decaying wood was a relatively good indicator of saproxylic species but not overall species richness. Even though dead wood did not reflect accurately overall species richness, our results indicated that the use of decaying wood as an indicator in site selection was more cost-efficient than using information from large-scale species inventories. Thus, decaying wood is a valuable surrogate for species richness, but other cost-efficient indicators that reflect the requirements of those species which are not dependent on decaying wood should be identified.     

江西省永平铜矿排土场植被复垦

介绍江西省永平铜矿十多年来植被复垦试验与推广的实践经验和取得的效果，提出今后复垦应解决和注意的问题。     

Statistical evaluation of the attainment of interim cleanup standards at hazardous waste sites

Cleanup standards at hazardous waste sites include (i) numeric standards (often risk-based), (ii) background standards in which the remediated site is compared with data from a supposedly clean region, and (iii) interim standards in which the remediated site is compared with preremediation data from the same site. The latter are especially appropriate for verifying progress when an innovative, but unproven, technology is used for remediation. Standards of type (i) require one-sample statistical tests, while those of type (ii) and type (iii) call for two-sample tests. This paper considers two-sample tests with an emphasis upon the type (iii) scenario. Both parametric (likelihood ratio) and nonparametric (linear rank) protocols are examined. The methods are illustrated with preremediation data from a site on the National Priorities List. The results indicate that nonparametric procedures can be quite competitive (in terms of power) with distributional modelling provided a near optimal rank test is selected. Suggestions are given for identifying such rank tests. The results also confirm the importance of sound baseline sampling; no amount of post-remediation sampling can overcome baseline deficiencies.This paper has been prepared with partial support from the United States Environmental Protection Agency under a Cooperative Agreement Number CR-815273. The contents have not been subject to Agency review and therefore do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred.     

灰色系统关联模式用于株洲霞湾污水处理厂选址分析

在综合各 株洲霞 湾污水处 理厂选址 影响因 素的基础 上，用 灰色 系统 关联 模式 对污 水处 理厂选址进 行讨论 分析，排除 人为的 主观任意 性，取得 令人满意 的结果     

Early prenatal diagnosis of the fragile site AT Xq27.3 associated with Martin-Bell syndrome

Early prenatal diagnosis of the fragile X was attempted in 44 pregnancies, including one twin pregnancy at risk of Martin-Bell (MB) syndrome. The sex ratio was 24M:21F. The fragile site was reproducibly demonstrated in cultured chorionic villus (CV) cells in eight male and five female fetuses. Six of the male and three of the female fetuses were terminated. Simultaneous RFLP analysis provided confirmative data with flanking DNA markers in 3 of 13 analysed cases. Recombination and/or non-informativeness at available distal and/or proximal loci were found in nine cases. In one male fetus, discordance between the haplotype and cyto-genetics (fragile-X-negative) suggested the presence of a normal male transmitter, a double meiotic cross-over within the region, or a false-negative cytogenetic diagnosis. However, discordance between prenatal and post-termination/postnatal cytogenetic findings was not observed in this series. The use of excess thymidine for induction of the fragile X in cultured CV cells provided in the majority of cases a safe and rapid method for cytogenetic diagnosis, with options for early induced termination in fragile-X-positive pregnancies, for simultaneous RFLP analysis, and for subsequent second-trimester analysis of fetal blood in complicated cases.     

防止渗滤液污染的工程控制措施

垃圾卫生填埋是当今世界各国城市垃圾处理的主要方式。工程以马鞍山市生活垃圾卫生填埋为例提出了相应的防止渗滤液污染地下水的控制措施，并根据渗滤液的处理试验，确定了渗滤液处理工程的工艺流程。